Android 271

renderer_opengl: declare geometry stream support in profile

.github/workflows/verify.yml

@@ -81,8 +81,7 @@ jobs:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: |
-          # workaround for https://github.com/actions/setup-python/issues/577
-          brew install autoconf automake boost@1.83 ccache ffmpeg fmt glslang hidapi libtool libusb lz4 ninja nlohmann-json openssl pkg-config qt@5 sdl2 speexdsp zlib zlib zstd || brew link --overwrite python@3.12
+          brew install autoconf automake boost ccache ffmpeg fmt glslang hidapi libtool libusb lz4 ninja nlohmann-json openssl pkg-config qt@5 sdl2 speexdsp zlib zlib zstd
       - name: Build
         run: |
           mkdir build

README.md

@@ -1,3 +1,19 @@
+| Pull Request | Commit | Title | Author | Merged? |
+|----|----|----|----|----|
+| [12461](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/12461) | [`a84e8e26f`](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/12461/files) | Rework Nvdec and VIC to fix out-of-order videos, and speed up decoding. | [Kelebek1](https://github.com/Kelebek1/) | Yes |
+| [12749](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/12749) | [`aad4b0d6f`](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/12749/files) | general: workarounds for SMMU syncing issues | [liamwhite](https://github.com/liamwhite/) | Yes |
+| [13018](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/13018) | [`01cbc638a`](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/13018/files) | am: rewrite part 2 | [liamwhite](https://github.com/liamwhite/) | Yes |
+| [13096](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/13096) | [`0a8759057`](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/13096/files) | texture_cache: use two-pass collection for costly load resources | [liamwhite](https://github.com/liamwhite/) | Yes |
+| [13122](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/13122) | [`5dc08c7fe`](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/13122/files) | vk_rasterizer: flip scissor y on lower left origin mode | [liamwhite](https://github.com/liamwhite/) | Yes |
+| [13135](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/13135) | [`fc6a87bba`](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/13135/files) | service: hid: Migrate HidServer to new IPC | [german77](https://github.com/german77/) | Yes |
+| [13166](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/13166) | [`4eecad914`](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/13166/files) | buffer_cache: avoid overflow in usage tracker | [liamwhite](https://github.com/liamwhite/) | Yes |
+| [13171](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/13171) | [`fd9ed54f2`](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu//pull/13171/files) | texture_cache: do not track invalid addresses | [liamwhite](https://github.com/liamwhite/) | Yes |
+
+
+End of merge log. You can find the original README.md below the break.
+
+-----
+
 <!--
 SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
 SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

externals/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -314,3 +314,10 @@ endif()
 if (NOT TARGET SimpleIni::SimpleIni)
     add_subdirectory(simpleini)
 endif()
+
+# sse2neon
+if (ARCHITECTURE_arm64 AND NOT TARGET sse2neon)
+    add_library(sse2neon INTERFACE)
+    target_include_directories(sse2neon INTERFACE sse2neon)
+endif()
+

src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ else()
         -Wno-attributes
         -Wno-invalid-offsetof
         -Wno-unused-parameter
+        -Wno-missing-field-initializers
     )
 
     if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES Clang) # Clang or AppleClang
@@ -164,6 +165,7 @@ else()
 
     if (MINGW)
         add_definitions(-DMINGW_HAS_SECURE_API)
+        add_compile_options("-msse4.1")
 
         if (MINGW_STATIC_BUILD)
             add_definitions(-DQT_STATICPLUGIN)

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/input/model/PlayerInput.kt

@@ -64,17 +64,17 @@ data class PlayerInput(
     fun hasMapping(): Boolean {
         var hasMapping = false
         buttons.forEach {
-            if (it != "[empty]") {
+            if (it != "[empty]" && it.isNotEmpty()) {
                 hasMapping = true
             }
         }
         analogs.forEach {
-            if (it != "[empty]") {
+            if (it != "[empty]" && it.isNotEmpty()) {
                 hasMapping = true
             }
         }
         motions.forEach {
-            if (it != "[empty]") {
+            if (it != "[empty]" && it.isNotEmpty()) {
                 hasMapping = true
             }
         }

src/android/app/src/main/jni/native.cpp

@@ -292,6 +292,9 @@ void EmulationSession::ShutdownEmulation() {
     // Unload user input.
     m_system.HIDCore().UnloadInputDevices();
 
+    // Enable all controllers
+    m_system.HIDCore().SetSupportedStyleTag({Core::HID::NpadStyleSet::All});
+
     // Shutdown the main emulated process
     if (m_load_result == Core::SystemResultStatus::Success) {
         m_system.DetachDebugger();
@@ -665,7 +668,7 @@ void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_NativeLibrary_initializeEmptyUserDirectory(JNIEnv*
     ASSERT(user_id);
 
     const auto user_save_data_path = FileSys::SaveDataFactory::GetFullPath(
-        {}, vfs_nand_dir, FileSys::SaveDataSpaceId::NandUser, FileSys::SaveDataType::SaveData, 1,
+        {}, vfs_nand_dir, FileSys::SaveDataSpaceId::User, FileSys::SaveDataType::Account, 1,
         user_id->AsU128(), 0);
 
     const auto full_path = Common::FS::ConcatPathSafe(nand_dir, user_save_data_path);
@@ -833,8 +836,8 @@ jstring Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_NativeLibrary_getSavePath(JNIEnv* env, jobject j
                                                             FileSys::OpenMode::Read);
 
     const auto user_save_data_path = FileSys::SaveDataFactory::GetFullPath(
-        {}, vfsNandDir, FileSys::SaveDataSpaceId::NandUser, FileSys::SaveDataType::SaveData,
-        program_id, user_id->AsU128(), 0);
+        {}, vfsNandDir, FileSys::SaveDataSpaceId::User, FileSys::SaveDataType::Account, program_id,
+        user_id->AsU128(), 0);
     return Common::Android::ToJString(env, user_save_data_path);
 }
 

src/android/app/src/main/jni/native_input.cpp

@@ -102,8 +102,50 @@ void ApplyControllerConfig(size_t player_index,
     }
 }
 
+std::vector<s32> GetSupportedStyles(int player_index) {
+    auto& hid_core = EmulationSession::GetInstance().System().HIDCore();
+    const auto npad_style_set = hid_core.GetSupportedStyleTag();
+    std::vector<s32> supported_indexes;
+    if (npad_style_set.fullkey == 1) {
+        supported_indexes.push_back(static_cast<s32>(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::Fullkey));
+    }
+
+    if (npad_style_set.joycon_dual == 1) {
+        supported_indexes.push_back(static_cast<s32>(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::JoyconDual));
+    }
+
+    if (npad_style_set.joycon_left == 1) {
+        supported_indexes.push_back(static_cast<s32>(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::JoyconLeft));
+    }
+
+    if (npad_style_set.joycon_right == 1) {
+        supported_indexes.push_back(static_cast<s32>(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::JoyconRight));
+    }
+
+    if (player_index == 0 && npad_style_set.handheld == 1) {
+        supported_indexes.push_back(static_cast<s32>(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::Handheld));
+    }
+
+    if (npad_style_set.gamecube == 1) {
+        supported_indexes.push_back(static_cast<s32>(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::GameCube));
+    }
+
+    return supported_indexes;
+}
+
 void ConnectController(size_t player_index, bool connected) {
     auto& hid_core = EmulationSession::GetInstance().System().HIDCore();
+    ApplyControllerConfig(player_index, [&](Core::HID::EmulatedController* controller) {
+        auto supported_styles = GetSupportedStyles(player_index);
+        auto controller_style = controller->GetNpadStyleIndex(true);
+        auto style = std::find(supported_styles.begin(), supported_styles.end(),
+                               static_cast<int>(controller_style));
+        if (style == supported_styles.end() && !supported_styles.empty()) {
+            controller->SetNpadStyleIndex(
+                static_cast<Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex>(supported_styles[0]));
+        }
+    });
+
     if (player_index == 0) {
         auto* handheld = hid_core.GetEmulatedController(Core::HID::NpadIdType::Handheld);
         auto* player_one = hid_core.GetEmulatedController(Core::HID::NpadIdType::Player1);
@@ -522,36 +564,10 @@ jint Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_features_input_NativeInput_getButtonNameImpl(JNIEnv
 
 jintArray Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_features_input_NativeInput_getSupportedStyleTagsImpl(
     JNIEnv* env, jobject j_obj, jint j_player_index) {
-    auto& hid_core = EmulationSession::GetInstance().System().HIDCore();
-    const auto npad_style_set = hid_core.GetSupportedStyleTag();
-    std::vector<s32> supported_indexes;
-    if (npad_style_set.fullkey == 1) {
-        supported_indexes.push_back(static_cast<u32>(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::Fullkey));
-    }
-
-    if (npad_style_set.joycon_dual == 1) {
-        supported_indexes.push_back(static_cast<u32>(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::JoyconDual));
-    }
-
-    if (npad_style_set.joycon_left == 1) {
-        supported_indexes.push_back(static_cast<u32>(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::JoyconLeft));
-    }
-
-    if (npad_style_set.joycon_right == 1) {
-        supported_indexes.push_back(static_cast<u32>(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::JoyconRight));
-    }
-
-    if (j_player_index == 0 && npad_style_set.handheld == 1) {
-        supported_indexes.push_back(static_cast<u32>(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::Handheld));
-    }
-
-    if (npad_style_set.gamecube == 1) {
-        supported_indexes.push_back(static_cast<u32>(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::GameCube));
-    }
-
-    jintArray j_supported_indexes = env->NewIntArray(supported_indexes.size());
-    env->SetIntArrayRegion(j_supported_indexes, 0, supported_indexes.size(),
-                           supported_indexes.data());
+    auto supported_styles = GetSupportedStyles(j_player_index);
+    jintArray j_supported_indexes = env->NewIntArray(supported_styles.size());
+    env->SetIntArrayRegion(j_supported_indexes, 0, supported_styles.size(),
+                           supported_styles.data());
     return j_supported_indexes;
 }
 

src/audio_core/audio_in_manager.cpp

@@ -73,16 +73,15 @@ void Manager::BufferReleaseAndRegister() {
     }
 }
 
-u32 Manager::GetDeviceNames(std::vector<Renderer::AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName>& names,
-                            [[maybe_unused]] const u32 max_count,
+u32 Manager::GetDeviceNames(std::span<Renderer::AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName> names,
                             [[maybe_unused]] const bool filter) {
     std::scoped_lock l{mutex};
 
     LinkToManager();
 
     auto input_devices{Sink::GetDeviceListForSink(Settings::values.sink_id.GetValue(), true)};
-    if (input_devices.size() > 1) {
-        names.emplace_back("Uac");
+    if (!input_devices.empty() && !names.empty()) {
+        names[0] = Renderer::AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName("Uac");
         return 1;
     }
     return 0;

src/audio_core/audio_in_manager.h

@@ -60,13 +60,11 @@ public:
      * Get a list of audio in device names.
      *
      * @param names     - Output container to write names to.
-     * @param max_count - Maximum number of device names to write. Unused
      * @param filter    - Should the list be filtered? Unused.
      *
      * @return Number of names written.
      */
-    u32 GetDeviceNames(std::vector<Renderer::AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName>& names, u32 max_count,
-                       bool filter);
+    u32 GetDeviceNames(std::span<Renderer::AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName> names, bool filter);
 
     /// Core system
     Core::System& system;

src/audio_core/device/audio_buffers.h

@@ -146,7 +146,11 @@ public:
                 break;
             }
 
-            tags[released++] = tag;
+            if (released < tags.size()) {
+                tags[released] = tag;
+            }
+
+            released++;
 
             if (released >= tags.size()) {
                 break;

src/audio_core/opus/decoder.cpp

@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ OpusDecoder::~OpusDecoder() {
     }
 }
 
-Result OpusDecoder::Initialize(OpusParametersEx& params, Kernel::KTransferMemory* transfer_memory,
-                               u64 transfer_memory_size) {
+Result OpusDecoder::Initialize(const OpusParametersEx& params,
+                               Kernel::KTransferMemory* transfer_memory, u64 transfer_memory_size) {
     auto frame_size{params.use_large_frame_size ? 5760 : 1920};
     shared_buffer_size = transfer_memory_size;
     shared_buffer = std::make_unique<u8[]>(shared_buffer_size);
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Result OpusDecoder::Initialize(OpusParametersEx& params, Kernel::KTransferMemory
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-Result OpusDecoder::Initialize(OpusMultiStreamParametersEx& params,
+Result OpusDecoder::Initialize(const OpusMultiStreamParametersEx& params,
                                Kernel::KTransferMemory* transfer_memory, u64 transfer_memory_size) {
     auto frame_size{params.use_large_frame_size ? 5760 : 1920};
     shared_buffer_size = transfer_memory_size;

src/audio_core/opus/decoder.h

@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@ public:
     explicit OpusDecoder(Core::System& system, HardwareOpus& hardware_opus_);
     ~OpusDecoder();
 
-    Result Initialize(OpusParametersEx& params, Kernel::KTransferMemory* transfer_memory,
-                      u64 transfer_memory_size);
-    Result Initialize(OpusMultiStreamParametersEx& params, Kernel::KTransferMemory* transfer_memory,
+    Result Initialize(const OpusParametersEx& params, Kernel::KTransferMemory* transfer_memory,
                       u64 transfer_memory_size);
+    Result Initialize(const OpusMultiStreamParametersEx& params,
+                      Kernel::KTransferMemory* transfer_memory, u64 transfer_memory_size);
     Result DecodeInterleaved(u32* out_data_size, u64* out_time_taken, u32* out_sample_count,
                              std::span<const u8> input_data, std::span<u8> output_data, bool reset);
     Result SetContext([[maybe_unused]] std::span<const u8> context);

src/audio_core/opus/decoder_manager.cpp

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ OpusDecoderManager::OpusDecoderManager(Core::System& system_)
     }
 }
 
-Result OpusDecoderManager::GetWorkBufferSize(OpusParameters& params, u64& out_size) {
+Result OpusDecoderManager::GetWorkBufferSize(const OpusParameters& params, u32& out_size) {
     OpusParametersEx ex{
         .sample_rate = params.sample_rate,
         .channel_count = params.channel_count,
@@ -47,11 +47,11 @@ Result OpusDecoderManager::GetWorkBufferSize(OpusParameters& params, u64& out_si
     R_RETURN(GetWorkBufferSizeExEx(ex, out_size));
 }
 
-Result OpusDecoderManager::GetWorkBufferSizeEx(OpusParametersEx& params, u64& out_size) {
+Result OpusDecoderManager::GetWorkBufferSizeEx(const OpusParametersEx& params, u32& out_size) {
     R_RETURN(GetWorkBufferSizeExEx(params, out_size));
 }
 
-Result OpusDecoderManager::GetWorkBufferSizeExEx(OpusParametersEx& params, u64& out_size) {
+Result OpusDecoderManager::GetWorkBufferSizeExEx(const OpusParametersEx& params, u32& out_size) {
     R_UNLESS(IsValidChannelCount(params.channel_count), ResultInvalidOpusChannelCount);
     R_UNLESS(IsValidSampleRate(params.sample_rate), ResultInvalidOpusSampleRate);
 
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ Result OpusDecoderManager::GetWorkBufferSizeExEx(OpusParametersEx& params, u64&
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-Result OpusDecoderManager::GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStream(OpusMultiStreamParameters& params,
-                                                           u64& out_size) {
+Result OpusDecoderManager::GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStream(const OpusMultiStreamParameters& params,
+                                                           u32& out_size) {
     OpusMultiStreamParametersEx ex{
         .sample_rate = params.sample_rate,
         .channel_count = params.channel_count,
@@ -76,13 +76,13 @@ Result OpusDecoderManager::GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStream(OpusMultiStreamParame
     R_RETURN(GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStreamExEx(ex, out_size));
 }
 
-Result OpusDecoderManager::GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStreamEx(OpusMultiStreamParametersEx& params,
-                                                             u64& out_size) {
+Result OpusDecoderManager::GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStreamEx(
+    const OpusMultiStreamParametersEx& params, u32& out_size) {
     R_RETURN(GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStreamExEx(params, out_size));
 }
 
-Result OpusDecoderManager::GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStreamExEx(OpusMultiStreamParametersEx& params,
-                                                               u64& out_size) {
+Result OpusDecoderManager::GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStreamExEx(
+    const OpusMultiStreamParametersEx& params, u32& out_size) {
     R_UNLESS(IsValidMultiStreamChannelCount(params.channel_count), ResultInvalidOpusChannelCount);
     R_UNLESS(IsValidSampleRate(params.sample_rate), ResultInvalidOpusSampleRate);
     R_UNLESS(IsValidStreamCount(params.channel_count, params.total_stream_count,

src/audio_core/opus/decoder_manager.h

@@ -22,17 +22,19 @@ public:
         return hardware_opus;
     }
 
-    Result GetWorkBufferSize(OpusParameters& params, u64& out_size);
-    Result GetWorkBufferSizeEx(OpusParametersEx& params, u64& out_size);
-    Result GetWorkBufferSizeExEx(OpusParametersEx& params, u64& out_size);
-    Result GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStream(OpusMultiStreamParameters& params, u64& out_size);
-    Result GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStreamEx(OpusMultiStreamParametersEx& params, u64& out_size);
-    Result GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStreamExEx(OpusMultiStreamParametersEx& params, u64& out_size);
+    Result GetWorkBufferSize(const OpusParameters& params, u32& out_size);
+    Result GetWorkBufferSizeEx(const OpusParametersEx& params, u32& out_size);
+    Result GetWorkBufferSizeExEx(const OpusParametersEx& params, u32& out_size);
+    Result GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStream(const OpusMultiStreamParameters& params, u32& out_size);
+    Result GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStreamEx(const OpusMultiStreamParametersEx& params,
+                                             u32& out_size);
+    Result GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStreamExEx(const OpusMultiStreamParametersEx& params,
+                                               u32& out_size);
 
 private:
     Core::System& system;
     HardwareOpus hardware_opus;
-    std::array<u64, MaxChannels> required_workbuffer_sizes{};
+    std::array<u32, MaxChannels> required_workbuffer_sizes{};
 };
 
 } // namespace AudioCore::OpusDecoder

src/audio_core/opus/hardware_opus.cpp

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ HardwareOpus::HardwareOpus(Core::System& system_)
     opus_decoder.SetSharedMemory(shared_memory);
 }
 
-u64 HardwareOpus::GetWorkBufferSize(u32 channel) {
+u32 HardwareOpus::GetWorkBufferSize(u32 channel) {
     if (!opus_decoder.IsRunning()) {
         return 0;
     }
@@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ u64 HardwareOpus::GetWorkBufferSize(u32 channel) {
                   ADSP::OpusDecoder::Message::GetWorkBufferSizeOK, msg);
         return 0;
     }
-    return shared_memory.dsp_return_data[0];
+    return static_cast<u32>(shared_memory.dsp_return_data[0]);
 }
 
-u64 HardwareOpus::GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStream(u32 total_stream_count, u32 stereo_stream_count) {
+u32 HardwareOpus::GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStream(u32 total_stream_count, u32 stereo_stream_count) {
     std::scoped_lock l{mutex};
     shared_memory.host_send_data[0] = total_stream_count;
     shared_memory.host_send_data[1] = stereo_stream_count;
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ u64 HardwareOpus::GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStream(u32 total_stream_count, u32 st
                   ADSP::OpusDecoder::Message::GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStreamOK, msg);
         return 0;
     }
-    return shared_memory.dsp_return_data[0];
+    return static_cast<u32>(shared_memory.dsp_return_data[0]);
 }
 
 Result HardwareOpus::InitializeDecodeObject(u32 sample_rate, u32 channel_count, void* buffer,
@@ -94,8 +94,9 @@ Result HardwareOpus::InitializeDecodeObject(u32 sample_rate, u32 channel_count,
 
 Result HardwareOpus::InitializeMultiStreamDecodeObject(u32 sample_rate, u32 channel_count,
                                                        u32 total_stream_count,
-                                                       u32 stereo_stream_count, void* mappings,
-                                                       void* buffer, u64 buffer_size) {
+                                                       u32 stereo_stream_count,
+                                                       const void* mappings, void* buffer,
+                                                       u64 buffer_size) {
     std::scoped_lock l{mutex};
     shared_memory.host_send_data[0] = (u64)buffer;
     shared_memory.host_send_data[1] = buffer_size;

src/audio_core/opus/hardware_opus.h

@@ -16,14 +16,14 @@ class HardwareOpus {
 public:
     HardwareOpus(Core::System& system);
 
-    u64 GetWorkBufferSize(u32 channel);
-    u64 GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStream(u32 total_stream_count, u32 stereo_stream_count);
+    u32 GetWorkBufferSize(u32 channel);
+    u32 GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStream(u32 total_stream_count, u32 stereo_stream_count);
 
     Result InitializeDecodeObject(u32 sample_rate, u32 channel_count, void* buffer,
                                   u64 buffer_size);
     Result InitializeMultiStreamDecodeObject(u32 sample_rate, u32 channel_count,
                                              u32 totaL_stream_count, u32 stereo_stream_count,
-                                             void* mappings, void* buffer, u64 buffer_size);
+                                             const void* mappings, void* buffer, u64 buffer_size);
     Result ShutdownDecodeObject(void* buffer, u64 buffer_size);
     Result ShutdownMultiStreamDecodeObject(void* buffer, u64 buffer_size);
     Result DecodeInterleaved(u32& out_sample_count, void* output_data, u64 output_data_size,

src/audio_core/opus/parameters.h

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ struct OpusParametersEx {
     /* 0x00 */ u32 sample_rate;
     /* 0x04 */ u32 channel_count;
     /* 0x08 */ bool use_large_frame_size;
-    /* 0x09 */ INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(7);
+    /* 0x09 */ INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(7);
 }; // size = 0x10
 static_assert(sizeof(OpusParametersEx) == 0x10, "OpusParametersEx has the wrong size!");
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ struct OpusMultiStreamParametersEx {
     /* 0x08 */ u32 total_stream_count;
     /* 0x0C */ u32 stereo_stream_count;
     /* 0x10 */ bool use_large_frame_size;
-    /* 0x11 */ INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(7);
+    /* 0x11 */ INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(7);
     /* 0x18 */ std::array<u8, OpusStreamCountMax + 1> mappings;
 }; // size = 0x118
 static_assert(sizeof(OpusMultiStreamParametersEx) == 0x118,

src/audio_core/renderer/audio_device.cpp

@@ -36,8 +36,7 @@ AudioDevice::AudioDevice(Core::System& system, const u64 applet_resource_user_id
     : output_sink{system.AudioCore().GetOutputSink()},
       applet_resource_user_id{applet_resource_user_id_}, user_revision{revision} {}
 
-u32 AudioDevice::ListAudioDeviceName(std::vector<AudioDeviceName>& out_buffer,
-                                     const size_t max_count) const {
+u32 AudioDevice::ListAudioDeviceName(std::span<AudioDeviceName> out_buffer) const {
     std::span<const AudioDeviceName> names{};
 
     if (CheckFeatureSupported(SupportTags::AudioUsbDeviceOutput, user_revision)) {
@@ -46,19 +45,18 @@ u32 AudioDevice::ListAudioDeviceName(std::vector<AudioDeviceName>& out_buffer,
         names = device_names;
     }
 
-    const u32 out_count{static_cast<u32>(std::min(max_count, names.size()))};
+    const u32 out_count{static_cast<u32>(std::min(out_buffer.size(), names.size()))};
     for (u32 i = 0; i < out_count; i++) {
-        out_buffer.push_back(names[i]);
+        out_buffer[i] = names[i];
     }
     return out_count;
 }
 
-u32 AudioDevice::ListAudioOutputDeviceName(std::vector<AudioDeviceName>& out_buffer,
-                                           const size_t max_count) const {
-    const u32 out_count{static_cast<u32>(std::min(max_count, output_device_names.size()))};
+u32 AudioDevice::ListAudioOutputDeviceName(std::span<AudioDeviceName> out_buffer) const {
+    const u32 out_count{static_cast<u32>(std::min(out_buffer.size(), output_device_names.size()))};
 
     for (u32 i = 0; i < out_count; i++) {
-        out_buffer.push_back(output_device_names[i]);
+        out_buffer[i] = output_device_names[i];
     }
     return out_count;
 }

src/audio_core/renderer/audio_device.h

@@ -36,20 +36,18 @@ public:
      * Get a list of the available output devices.
      *
      * @param out_buffer - Output buffer to write the available device names.
-     * @param max_count  - Maximum number of devices to write (count of out_buffer).
      * @return Number of device names written.
      */
-    u32 ListAudioDeviceName(std::vector<AudioDeviceName>& out_buffer, size_t max_count) const;
+    u32 ListAudioDeviceName(std::span<AudioDeviceName> out_buffer) const;
 
     /**
      * Get a list of the available output devices.
      * Different to above somehow...
      *
      * @param out_buffer - Output buffer to write the available device names.
-     * @param max_count  - Maximum number of devices to write (count of out_buffer).
      * @return Number of device names written.
      */
-    u32 ListAudioOutputDeviceName(std::vector<AudioDeviceName>& out_buffer, size_t max_count) const;
+    u32 ListAudioOutputDeviceName(std::span<AudioDeviceName> out_buffer) const;
 
     /**
      * Set the volume of all streams in the backend sink.

src/audio_core/renderer/audio_renderer.cpp

@@ -17,9 +17,8 @@ Renderer::Renderer(Core::System& system_, Manager& manager_, Kernel::KEvent* ren
 
 Result Renderer::Initialize(const AudioRendererParameterInternal& params,
                             Kernel::KTransferMemory* transfer_memory,
-                            const u64 transfer_memory_size, const u32 process_handle,
-                            Kernel::KProcess& process, const u64 applet_resource_user_id,
-                            const s32 session_id) {
+                            const u64 transfer_memory_size, Kernel::KProcess* process_handle,
+                            const u64 applet_resource_user_id, const s32 session_id) {
     if (params.execution_mode == ExecutionMode::Auto) {
         if (!manager.AddSystem(system)) {
             LOG_ERROR(Service_Audio,
@@ -30,7 +29,7 @@ Result Renderer::Initialize(const AudioRendererParameterInternal& params,
     }
 
     initialized = true;
-    system.Initialize(params, transfer_memory, transfer_memory_size, process_handle, process,
+    system.Initialize(params, transfer_memory, transfer_memory_size, process_handle,
                       applet_resource_user_id, session_id);
 
     return ResultSuccess;

src/audio_core/renderer/audio_renderer.h

@@ -38,14 +38,14 @@ public:
      * @param params                  - Input parameters to initialize the system with.
      * @param transfer_memory         - Game-supplied memory for all workbuffers. Unused.
      * @param transfer_memory_size    - Size of the transfer memory. Unused.
-     * @param process_handle          - Process handle, also used for memory. Unused.
+     * @param process_handle          - Process handle, also used for memory.
      * @param applet_resource_user_id - Applet id for this renderer. Unused.
      * @param session_id              - Session id of this renderer.
      * @return Result code.
      */
     Result Initialize(const AudioRendererParameterInternal& params,
                       Kernel::KTransferMemory* transfer_memory, u64 transfer_memory_size,
-                      u32 process_handle, Kernel::KProcess& process, u64 applet_resource_user_id,
+                      Kernel::KProcess* process_handle, u64 applet_resource_user_id,
                       s32 session_id);
 
     /**

src/audio_core/renderer/behavior/info_updater.cpp

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 namespace AudioCore::Renderer {
 
 InfoUpdater::InfoUpdater(std::span<const u8> input_, std::span<u8> output_,
-                         const u32 process_handle_, BehaviorInfo& behaviour_)
+                         Kernel::KProcess* process_handle_, BehaviorInfo& behaviour_)
     : input{input_.data() + sizeof(UpdateDataHeader)},
       input_origin{input_}, output{output_.data() + sizeof(UpdateDataHeader)},
       output_origin{output_}, in_header{reinterpret_cast<const UpdateDataHeader*>(

src/audio_core/renderer/behavior/info_updater.h

@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/audio/errors.h"
 
+namespace Kernel {
+class KProcess;
+}
+
 namespace AudioCore::Renderer {
 class BehaviorInfo;
 class VoiceContext;
@@ -39,8 +43,8 @@ class InfoUpdater {
     static_assert(sizeof(UpdateDataHeader) == 0x40, "UpdateDataHeader has the wrong size!");
 
 public:
-    explicit InfoUpdater(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output, u32 process_handle,
-                         BehaviorInfo& behaviour);
+    explicit InfoUpdater(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output,
+                         Kernel::KProcess* process_handle, BehaviorInfo& behaviour);
 
     /**
      * Update the voice channel resources.
@@ -197,7 +201,7 @@ private:
     /// Expected output size, see CheckConsumedSize
     u64 expected_output_size;
     /// Unused
-    u32 process_handle;
+    Kernel::KProcess* process_handle;
     /// Behaviour
     BehaviorInfo& behaviour;
 };

src/audio_core/renderer/memory/pool_mapper.cpp

@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@
 
 namespace AudioCore::Renderer {
 
-PoolMapper::PoolMapper(u32 process_handle_, bool force_map_)
+PoolMapper::PoolMapper(Kernel::KProcess* process_handle_, bool force_map_)
     : process_handle{process_handle_}, force_map{force_map_} {}
 
-PoolMapper::PoolMapper(u32 process_handle_, std::span<MemoryPoolInfo> pool_infos_, u32 pool_count_,
-                       bool force_map_)
+PoolMapper::PoolMapper(Kernel::KProcess* process_handle_, std::span<MemoryPoolInfo> pool_infos_,
+                       u32 pool_count_, bool force_map_)
     : process_handle{process_handle_}, pool_infos{pool_infos_.data()},
       pool_count{pool_count_}, force_map{force_map_} {}
 
@@ -106,15 +106,17 @@ bool PoolMapper::IsForceMapEnabled() const {
     return force_map;
 }
 
-u32 PoolMapper::GetProcessHandle(const MemoryPoolInfo* pool) const {
+Kernel::KProcess* PoolMapper::GetProcessHandle(const MemoryPoolInfo* pool) const {
     switch (pool->GetLocation()) {
     case MemoryPoolInfo::Location::CPU:
         return process_handle;
     case MemoryPoolInfo::Location::DSP:
-        return Kernel::Svc::CurrentProcess;
+        // return Kernel::Svc::CurrentProcess;
+        return nullptr;
     }
     LOG_WARNING(Service_Audio, "Invalid MemoryPoolInfo location!");
-    return Kernel::Svc::CurrentProcess;
+    // return Kernel::Svc::CurrentProcess;
+    return nullptr;
 }
 
 bool PoolMapper::Map([[maybe_unused]] const u32 handle, [[maybe_unused]] const CpuAddr cpu_addr,
@@ -147,14 +149,14 @@ bool PoolMapper::Unmap([[maybe_unused]] const u32 handle, [[maybe_unused]] const
 }
 
 bool PoolMapper::Unmap(MemoryPoolInfo& pool) const {
-    [[maybe_unused]] u32 handle{0};
+    [[maybe_unused]] Kernel::KProcess* handle{};
 
     switch (pool.GetLocation()) {
     case MemoryPoolInfo::Location::CPU:
         handle = process_handle;
         break;
     case MemoryPoolInfo::Location::DSP:
-        handle = Kernel::Svc::CurrentProcess;
+        // handle = Kernel::Svc::CurrentProcess;
         break;
     }
     // nn::audio::dsp::UnmapUserPointer(handle, pool->cpu_address, pool->size);

src/audio_core/renderer/memory/pool_mapper.h

@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/audio/errors.h"
 
+namespace Kernel {
+class KProcess;
+}
+
 namespace AudioCore::Renderer {
 class AddressInfo;
 
@@ -18,9 +22,9 @@ class AddressInfo;
  */
 class PoolMapper {
 public:
-    explicit PoolMapper(u32 process_handle, bool force_map);
-    explicit PoolMapper(u32 process_handle, std::span<MemoryPoolInfo> pool_infos, u32 pool_count,
-                        bool force_map);
+    explicit PoolMapper(Kernel::KProcess* process_handle, bool force_map);
+    explicit PoolMapper(Kernel::KProcess* process_handle, std::span<MemoryPoolInfo> pool_infos,
+                        u32 pool_count, bool force_map);
 
     /**
      * Clear the usage state for all given pools.
@@ -98,7 +102,7 @@ public:
      * @return CurrentProcessHandle if location == DSP,
      *         the PoolMapper's process_handle if location == CPU
      */
-    u32 GetProcessHandle(const MemoryPoolInfo* pool) const;
+    Kernel::KProcess* GetProcessHandle(const MemoryPoolInfo* pool) const;
 
     /**
      * Map the given region with the given handle. This is a no-op.
@@ -167,7 +171,7 @@ public:
 
 private:
     /// Process handle for this mapper, used when location == CPU
-    u32 process_handle;
+    Kernel::KProcess* process_handle{};
     /// List of memory pools assigned to this mapper
     MemoryPoolInfo* pool_infos{};
     /// The number of pools

src/audio_core/renderer/system.cpp

@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ System::System(Core::System& core_, Kernel::KEvent* adsp_rendered_event_)
 
 Result System::Initialize(const AudioRendererParameterInternal& params,
                           Kernel::KTransferMemory* transfer_memory, u64 transfer_memory_size,
-                          u32 process_handle_, Kernel::KProcess& process_,
-                          u64 applet_resource_user_id_, s32 session_id_) {
+                          Kernel::KProcess* process_handle_, u64 applet_resource_user_id_,
+                          s32 session_id_) {
     if (!CheckValidRevision(params.revision)) {
         return Service::Audio::ResultInvalidRevision;
     }
@@ -119,7 +119,6 @@ Result System::Initialize(const AudioRendererParameterInternal& params,
     behavior.SetUserLibRevision(params.revision);
 
     process_handle = process_handle_;
-    process = &process_;
     applet_resource_user_id = applet_resource_user_id_;
     session_id = session_id_;
 
@@ -132,7 +131,8 @@ Result System::Initialize(const AudioRendererParameterInternal& params,
     render_device = params.rendering_device;
     execution_mode = params.execution_mode;
 
-    process->GetMemory().ZeroBlock(transfer_memory->GetSourceAddress(), transfer_memory_size);
+    process_handle->GetMemory().ZeroBlock(transfer_memory->GetSourceAddress(),
+                                          transfer_memory_size);
 
     // Note: We're not actually using the transfer memory because it's a pain to code for.
     // Allocate the memory normally instead and hope the game doesn't try to read anything back
@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ void System::SendCommandToDsp() {
                 static_cast<u64>((time_limit_percent / 100) * 2'880'000.0 *
                                  (static_cast<f32>(render_time_limit_percent) / 100.0f))};
             audio_renderer.SetCommandBuffer(session_id, translated_addr, command_size, time_limit,
-                                            applet_resource_user_id, process,
+                                            applet_resource_user_id, process_handle,
                                             reset_command_buffers);
             reset_command_buffers = false;
             command_buffer_size = command_size;

src/audio_core/renderer/system.h

@@ -74,14 +74,14 @@ public:
      * @param params                  - Input parameters to initialize the system with.
      * @param transfer_memory         - Game-supplied memory for all workbuffers. Unused.
      * @param transfer_memory_size    - Size of the transfer memory. Unused.
-     * @param process_handle          - Process handle, also used for memory. Unused.
+     * @param process_handle          - Process handle, also used for memory.
      * @param applet_resource_user_id - Applet id for this renderer. Unused.
      * @param session_id              - Session id of this renderer.
      * @return Result code.
      */
     Result Initialize(const AudioRendererParameterInternal& params,
                       Kernel::KTransferMemory* transfer_memory, u64 transfer_memory_size,
-                      u32 process_handle, Kernel::KProcess& process, u64 applet_resource_user_id,
+                      Kernel::KProcess* process_handle, u64 applet_resource_user_id,
                       s32 session_id);
 
     /**
@@ -278,9 +278,7 @@ private:
     /// Does what locks do
     std::mutex lock{};
     /// Process this audio render is operating within, used for memory reads/writes.
-    Kernel::KProcess* process{};
-    /// Handle for the process for this system, unused
-    u32 process_handle{};
+    Kernel::KProcess* process_handle{};
     /// Applet resource id for this system, unused
     u64 applet_resource_user_id{};
     /// Controls performance input and output

src/audio_core/sink/oboe_sink.cpp

@@ -67,9 +67,13 @@ public:
         oboe::AudioStreamBuilder builder;
 
         const auto result = ConfigureBuilder(builder, direction)->openStream(temp_stream);
-        ASSERT(result == oboe::Result::OK);
+        if (result == oboe::Result::OK) {
+            return temp_stream->getChannelCount() >= 6 ? 6 : 2;
+        }
 
-        return temp_stream->getChannelCount() >= 6 ? 6 : 2;
+        LOG_ERROR(Audio_Sink, "Failed to open {} stream. Using default channel count 2",
+                  direction == oboe::Direction::Output ? "output" : "input");
+        return 2;
     }
 
 protected:

src/common/ring_buffer.h

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <atomic>
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <cstring>
+#include <limits>
 #include <new>
 #include <span>
 #include <type_traits>

src/common/settings.h

@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ struct Values {
                                                Category::LibraryApplet};
     Setting<AppletMode> data_erase_applet_mode{linkage, AppletMode::HLE, "data_erase_applet_mode",
                                                Category::LibraryApplet};
-    Setting<AppletMode> error_applet_mode{linkage, AppletMode::HLE, "error_applet_mode",
+    Setting<AppletMode> error_applet_mode{linkage, AppletMode::LLE, "error_applet_mode",
                                           Category::LibraryApplet};
     Setting<AppletMode> net_connect_applet_mode{linkage, AppletMode::HLE, "net_connect_applet_mode",
                                                 Category::LibraryApplet};
@@ -384,6 +384,12 @@ struct Values {
                                                                   AstcRecompression::Bc3,
                                                                   "astc_recompression",
                                                                   Category::RendererAdvanced};
+    SwitchableSetting<VramUsageMode, true> vram_usage_mode{linkage,
+                                                           VramUsageMode::Conservative,
+                                                           VramUsageMode::Conservative,
+                                                           VramUsageMode::Aggressive,
+                                                           "vram_usage_mode",
+                                                           Category::RendererAdvanced};
     SwitchableSetting<bool> async_presentation{linkage,
 #ifdef ANDROID
                                                true,
@@ -429,8 +435,6 @@ struct Values {
         linkage, false, "disable_shader_loop_safety_checks", Category::RendererDebug};
     Setting<bool> enable_renderdoc_hotkey{linkage, false, "renderdoc_hotkey",
                                           Category::RendererDebug};
-    // TODO: remove this once AMDVLK supports VK_EXT_depth_bias_control
-    bool renderer_amdvlk_depth_bias_workaround{};
     Setting<bool> disable_buffer_reorder{linkage, false, "disable_buffer_reorder",
                                          Category::RendererDebug};
 

src/common/settings_enums.h

@@ -122,6 +122,8 @@ ENUM(AstcRecompression, Uncompressed, Bc1, Bc3);
 
 ENUM(VSyncMode, Immediate, Mailbox, Fifo, FifoRelaxed);
 
+ENUM(VramUsageMode, Conservative, Aggressive);
+
 ENUM(RendererBackend, OpenGL, Vulkan, Null);
 
 ENUM(ShaderBackend, Glsl, Glasm, SpirV);

src/common/string_util.cpp

@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@ std::string StringFromBuffer(std::span<const u8> data) {
     return std::string(data.begin(), std::find(data.begin(), data.end(), '\0'));
 }
 
+std::string StringFromBuffer(std::span<const char> data) {
+    return std::string(data.begin(), std::find(data.begin(), data.end(), '\0'));
+}
+
 // Turns "  hej " into "hej". Also handles tabs.
 std::string StripSpaces(const std::string& str) {
     const std::size_t s = str.find_first_not_of(" \t\r\n");

src/common/string_util.h

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ namespace Common {
 [[nodiscard]] std::string ToUpper(std::string str);
 
 [[nodiscard]] std::string StringFromBuffer(std::span<const u8> data);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string StringFromBuffer(std::span<const char> data);
 
 [[nodiscard]] std::string StripSpaces(const std::string& s);
 [[nodiscard]] std::string StripQuotes(const std::string& s);

src/core/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -58,9 +58,14 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     file_sys/fs_operate_range.h
     file_sys/fs_path.h
     file_sys/fs_path_utility.h
+    file_sys/fs_save_data_types.h
     file_sys/fs_string_util.h
+    file_sys/fsa/fs_i_directory.h
+    file_sys/fsa/fs_i_file.h
+    file_sys/fsa/fs_i_filesystem.h
     file_sys/fsmitm_romfsbuild.cpp
     file_sys/fsmitm_romfsbuild.h
+    file_sys/fssrv/fssrv_sf_path.h
     file_sys/fssystem/fs_i_storage.h
     file_sys/fssystem/fs_types.h
     file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_aes_ctr_counter_extended_storage.cpp
@@ -396,14 +401,16 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     hle/service/am/am_types.h
     hle/service/am/applet.cpp
     hle/service/am/applet.h
+    hle/service/am/applet_manager.cpp
     hle/service/am/applet_data_broker.cpp
     hle/service/am/applet_data_broker.h
-    hle/service/am/applet_manager.cpp
     hle/service/am/applet_manager.h
-    hle/service/am/applet_message_queue.cpp
-    hle/service/am/applet_message_queue.h
+    hle/service/am/button_poller.cpp
+    hle/service/am/button_poller.h
     hle/service/am/display_layer_manager.cpp
     hle/service/am/display_layer_manager.h
+    hle/service/am/event_observer.cpp
+    hle/service/am/event_observer.h
     hle/service/am/frontend/applet_cabinet.cpp
     hle/service/am/frontend/applet_cabinet.h
     hle/service/am/frontend/applet_controller.cpp
@@ -429,8 +436,12 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     hle/service/am/hid_registration.h
     hle/service/am/library_applet_storage.cpp
     hle/service/am/library_applet_storage.h
-    hle/service/am/process.cpp
-    hle/service/am/process.h
+    hle/service/am/lifecycle_manager.cpp
+    hle/service/am/lifecycle_manager.h
+    hle/service/am/process_creation.cpp
+    hle/service/am/process_creation.h
+    hle/service/am/process_holder.cpp
+    hle/service/am/process_holder.h
     hle/service/am/service/all_system_applet_proxies_service.cpp
     hle/service/am/service/all_system_applet_proxies_service.h
     hle/service/am/service/applet_common_functions.cpp
@@ -481,31 +492,45 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     hle/service/am/service/system_applet_proxy.h
     hle/service/am/service/window_controller.cpp
     hle/service/am/service/window_controller.h
-    hle/service/aoc/aoc_u.cpp
-    hle/service/aoc/aoc_u.h
+    hle/service/am/window_system.cpp
+    hle/service/am/window_system.h
+    hle/service/aoc/addon_content_manager.cpp
+    hle/service/aoc/addon_content_manager.h
+    hle/service/aoc/purchase_event_manager.cpp
+    hle/service/aoc/purchase_event_manager.h
     hle/service/apm/apm.cpp
     hle/service/apm/apm.h
     hle/service/apm/apm_controller.cpp
     hle/service/apm/apm_controller.h
     hle/service/apm/apm_interface.cpp
     hle/service/apm/apm_interface.h
-    hle/service/audio/audin_u.cpp
-    hle/service/audio/audin_u.h
-    hle/service/audio/audio.cpp
-    hle/service/audio/audio.h
     hle/service/audio/audio_controller.cpp
     hle/service/audio/audio_controller.h
-    hle/service/audio/audout_u.cpp
-    hle/service/audio/audout_u.h
-    hle/service/audio/audrec_a.cpp
-    hle/service/audio/audrec_a.h
-    hle/service/audio/audrec_u.cpp
-    hle/service/audio/audrec_u.h
-    hle/service/audio/audren_u.cpp
-    hle/service/audio/audren_u.h
+    hle/service/audio/audio_device.cpp
+    hle/service/audio/audio_device.h
+    hle/service/audio/audio_in_manager.cpp
+    hle/service/audio/audio_in_manager.h
+    hle/service/audio/audio_in.cpp
+    hle/service/audio/audio_in.h
+    hle/service/audio/audio_out_manager.cpp
+    hle/service/audio/audio_out_manager.h
+    hle/service/audio/audio_out.cpp
+    hle/service/audio/audio_out.h
+    hle/service/audio/audio_renderer_manager.cpp
+    hle/service/audio/audio_renderer_manager.h
+    hle/service/audio/audio_renderer.cpp
+    hle/service/audio/audio_renderer.h
+    hle/service/audio/audio.cpp
+    hle/service/audio/audio.h
     hle/service/audio/errors.h
-    hle/service/audio/hwopus.cpp
-    hle/service/audio/hwopus.h
+    hle/service/audio/final_output_recorder_manager_for_applet.cpp
+    hle/service/audio/final_output_recorder_manager_for_applet.h
+    hle/service/audio/final_output_recorder_manager.cpp
+    hle/service/audio/final_output_recorder_manager.h
+    hle/service/audio/hardware_opus_decoder_manager.cpp
+    hle/service/audio/hardware_opus_decoder_manager.h
+    hle/service/audio/hardware_opus_decoder.cpp
+    hle/service/audio/hardware_opus_decoder.h
     hle/service/bcat/backend/backend.cpp
     hle/service/bcat/backend/backend.h
     hle/service/bcat/bcat.cpp
@@ -595,6 +620,10 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     hle/service/filesystem/fsp/fs_i_file.h
     hle/service/filesystem/fsp/fs_i_filesystem.cpp
     hle/service/filesystem/fsp/fs_i_filesystem.h
+    hle/service/filesystem/fsp/fs_i_multi_commit_manager.cpp
+    hle/service/filesystem/fsp/fs_i_multi_commit_manager.h
+    hle/service/filesystem/fsp/fs_i_save_data_info_reader.cpp
+    hle/service/filesystem/fsp/fs_i_save_data_info_reader.h
     hle/service/filesystem/fsp/fs_i_storage.cpp
     hle/service/filesystem/fsp/fs_i_storage.h
     hle/service/filesystem/fsp/fsp_ldr.cpp
@@ -603,7 +632,9 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     hle/service/filesystem/fsp/fsp_pr.h
     hle/service/filesystem/fsp/fsp_srv.cpp
     hle/service/filesystem/fsp/fsp_srv.h
-    hle/service/filesystem/fsp/fsp_util.h
+    hle/service/filesystem/fsp/fsp_types.h
+    hle/service/filesystem/fsp/save_data_transfer_prohibiter.cpp
+    hle/service/filesystem/fsp/save_data_transfer_prohibiter.h
     hle/service/filesystem/romfs_controller.cpp
     hle/service/filesystem/romfs_controller.h
     hle/service/filesystem/save_data_controller.cpp
@@ -645,6 +676,10 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     hle/service/glue/time/worker.h
     hle/service/grc/grc.cpp
     hle/service/grc/grc.h
+    hle/service/hid/active_vibration_device_list.cpp
+    hle/service/hid/active_vibration_device_list.h
+    hle/service/hid/applet_resource.cpp
+    hle/service/hid/applet_resource.h
     hle/service/hid/hid.cpp
     hle/service/hid/hid.h
     hle/service/hid/hid_debug_server.cpp
@@ -860,8 +895,20 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     hle/service/nvnflinger/ui/graphic_buffer.cpp
     hle/service/nvnflinger/ui/graphic_buffer.h
     hle/service/nvnflinger/window.h
+    hle/service/olsc/daemon_controller.cpp
+    hle/service/olsc/daemon_controller.h
+    hle/service/olsc/native_handle_holder.cpp
+    hle/service/olsc/native_handle_holder.h
+    hle/service/olsc/olsc_service_for_application.cpp
+    hle/service/olsc/olsc_service_for_application.h
+    hle/service/olsc/olsc_service_for_system_service.cpp
+    hle/service/olsc/olsc_service_for_system_service.h
     hle/service/olsc/olsc.cpp
     hle/service/olsc/olsc.h
+    hle/service/olsc/remote_storage_controller.cpp
+    hle/service/olsc/remote_storage_controller.h
+    hle/service/olsc/transfer_task_list_controller.cpp
+    hle/service/olsc/transfer_task_list_controller.h
     hle/service/omm/omm.cpp
     hle/service/omm/omm.h
     hle/service/omm/operation_mode_manager.cpp
@@ -879,18 +926,39 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     hle/service/os/multi_wait_utils.h
     hle/service/os/mutex.cpp
     hle/service/os/mutex.h
+    hle/service/os/process.cpp
+    hle/service/os/process.h
     hle/service/pcie/pcie.cpp
     hle/service/pcie/pcie.h
+    hle/service/pctl/parental_control_service_factory.cpp
+    hle/service/pctl/parental_control_service_factory.h
+    hle/service/pctl/parental_control_service.cpp
+    hle/service/pctl/parental_control_service.h
     hle/service/pctl/pctl.cpp
     hle/service/pctl/pctl.h
-    hle/service/pctl/pctl_module.cpp
-    hle/service/pctl/pctl_module.h
+    hle/service/pctl/pctl_results.h
+    hle/service/pctl/pctl_types.h
     hle/service/pcv/pcv.cpp
     hle/service/pcv/pcv.h
     hle/service/pm/pm.cpp
     hle/service/pm/pm.h
     hle/service/prepo/prepo.cpp
     hle/service/prepo/prepo.h
+    hle/service/psc/ovln/ovln_types.h
+    hle/service/psc/ovln/receiver_service.cpp
+    hle/service/psc/ovln/receiver_service.h
+    hle/service/psc/ovln/receiver.cpp
+    hle/service/psc/ovln/receiver.h
+    hle/service/psc/ovln/sender_service.cpp
+    hle/service/psc/ovln/sender_service.h
+    hle/service/psc/ovln/sender.cpp
+    hle/service/psc/ovln/sender.h
+    hle/service/psc/pm_control.cpp
+    hle/service/psc/pm_control.h
+    hle/service/psc/pm_module.cpp
+    hle/service/psc/pm_module.h
+    hle/service/psc/pm_service.cpp
+    hle/service/psc/pm_service.h
     hle/service/psc/psc.cpp
     hle/service/psc/psc.h
     hle/service/psc/time/alarms.cpp
@@ -993,9 +1061,12 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     hle/service/spl/spl_module.h
     hle/service/spl/spl_results.h
     hle/service/spl/spl_types.h
+    hle/service/ssl/cert_store.cpp
+    hle/service/ssl/cert_store.h
     hle/service/ssl/ssl.cpp
     hle/service/ssl/ssl.h
     hle/service/ssl/ssl_backend.h
+    hle/service/ssl/ssl_types.h
     hle/service/usb/usb.cpp
     hle/service/usb/usb.h
     hle/service/vi/application_display_service.cpp

src/core/core.cpp

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 
 #include <array>
 #include <atomic>
-#include <exception>
 #include <memory>
 #include <utility>
 
@@ -20,7 +19,6 @@
 #include "core/cpu_manager.h"
 #include "core/debugger/debugger.h"
 #include "core/device_memory.h"
-#include "core/file_sys/bis_factory.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fs_filesystem.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/patch_manager.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/registered_cache.h"
@@ -38,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "core/hle/service/acc/profile_manager.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/applet_manager.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/frontend/applets.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/process_creation.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/apm/apm_controller.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/filesystem/filesystem.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/glue/glue_manager.h"
@@ -72,30 +71,6 @@ MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(ARM_CPU3, "ARM", "CPU 3", MP_RGB(255, 64, 64));
 
 namespace Core {
 
-namespace {
-
-FileSys::StorageId GetStorageIdForFrontendSlot(
-    std::optional<FileSys::ContentProviderUnionSlot> slot) {
-    if (!slot.has_value()) {
-        return FileSys::StorageId::None;
-    }
-
-    switch (*slot) {
-    case FileSys::ContentProviderUnionSlot::UserNAND:
-        return FileSys::StorageId::NandUser;
-    case FileSys::ContentProviderUnionSlot::SysNAND:
-        return FileSys::StorageId::NandSystem;
-    case FileSys::ContentProviderUnionSlot::SDMC:
-        return FileSys::StorageId::SdCard;
-    case FileSys::ContentProviderUnionSlot::FrontendManual:
-        return FileSys::StorageId::Host;
-    default:
-        return FileSys::StorageId::None;
-    }
-}
-
-} // Anonymous namespace
-
 FileSys::VirtualFile GetGameFileFromPath(const FileSys::VirtualFilesystem& vfs,
                                          const std::string& path) {
     // To account for split 00+01+etc files.
@@ -297,9 +272,6 @@ struct System::Impl {
     }
 
     SystemResultStatus SetupForApplicationProcess(System& system, Frontend::EmuWindow& emu_window) {
-        /// Reset all glue registrations
-        arp_manager.ResetAll();
-
         telemetry_session = std::make_unique<Core::TelemetrySession>();
 
         host1x_core = std::make_unique<Tegra::Host1x::Host1x>(system);
@@ -335,33 +307,17 @@ struct System::Impl {
     SystemResultStatus Load(System& system, Frontend::EmuWindow& emu_window,
                             const std::string& filepath,
                             Service::AM::FrontendAppletParameters& params) {
-        app_loader = Loader::GetLoader(system, GetGameFileFromPath(virtual_filesystem, filepath),
-                                       params.program_id, params.program_index);
-
-        if (!app_loader) {
-            LOG_CRITICAL(Core, "Failed to obtain loader for {}!", filepath);
-            return SystemResultStatus::ErrorGetLoader;
-        }
-
-        if (app_loader->ReadProgramId(params.program_id) != Loader::ResultStatus::Success) {
-            LOG_ERROR(Core, "Failed to find title id for ROM!");
-        }
-
-        std::string name = "Unknown program";
-        if (app_loader->ReadTitle(name) != Loader::ResultStatus::Success) {
-            LOG_ERROR(Core, "Failed to read title for ROM!");
-        }
-
-        LOG_INFO(Core, "Loading {} ({})", name, params.program_id);
-
         InitializeKernel(system);
 
-        // Create the application process.
-        auto main_process = Kernel::KProcess::Create(system.Kernel());
-        Kernel::KProcess::Register(system.Kernel(), main_process);
-        kernel.AppendNewProcess(main_process);
-        kernel.MakeApplicationProcess(main_process);
-        const auto [load_result, load_parameters] = app_loader->Load(*main_process, system);
+        const auto file = GetGameFileFromPath(virtual_filesystem, filepath);
+
+        // Create the application process
+        Loader::ResultStatus load_result{};
+        std::vector<u8> control;
+        auto process =
+            Service::AM::CreateApplicationProcess(control, app_loader, load_result, system, file,
+                                                  params.program_id, params.program_index);
+
         if (load_result != Loader::ResultStatus::Success) {
             LOG_CRITICAL(Core, "Failed to load ROM (Error {})!", load_result);
             ShutdownMainProcess();
@@ -370,6 +326,25 @@ struct System::Impl {
                 static_cast<u32>(SystemResultStatus::ErrorLoader) + static_cast<u32>(load_result));
         }
 
+        if (!app_loader) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Core, "Failed to obtain loader for {}!", filepath);
+            return SystemResultStatus::ErrorGetLoader;
+        }
+
+        if (app_loader->ReadProgramId(params.program_id) != Loader::ResultStatus::Success) {
+            LOG_ERROR(Core, "Failed to find program id for ROM!");
+        }
+
+        std::string name = "Unknown program";
+        if (app_loader->ReadTitle(name) != Loader::ResultStatus::Success) {
+            LOG_ERROR(Core, "Failed to read title for ROM!");
+        }
+
+        LOG_INFO(Core, "Loading {} ({:016X}) ...", name, params.program_id);
+
+        // Make the process created be the application
+        kernel.MakeApplicationProcess(process->GetHandle());
+
         // Set up the rest of the system.
         SystemResultStatus init_result{SetupForApplicationProcess(system, emu_window)};
         if (init_result != SystemResultStatus::Success) {
@@ -379,7 +354,6 @@ struct System::Impl {
             return init_result;
         }
 
-        AddGlueRegistrationForProcess(*app_loader, *main_process);
         telemetry_session->AddInitialInfo(*app_loader, fs_controller, *content_provider);
 
         // Initialize cheat engine
@@ -387,14 +361,9 @@ struct System::Impl {
             cheat_engine->Initialize();
         }
 
-        // Register with applet manager.
-        applet_manager.CreateAndInsertByFrontendAppletParameters(main_process->GetProcessId(),
-                                                                 params);
-
-        // All threads are started, begin main process execution, now that we're in the clear.
-        main_process->Run(load_parameters->main_thread_priority,
-                          load_parameters->main_thread_stack_size);
-        main_process->Close();
+        // Register with applet manager
+        // All threads are started, begin main process execution, now that we're in the clear
+        applet_manager.CreateAndInsertByFrontendAppletParameters(std::move(process), params);
 
         if (Settings::values.gamecard_inserted) {
             if (Settings::values.gamecard_current_game) {
@@ -425,11 +394,6 @@ struct System::Impl {
             room_member->SendGameInfo(game_info);
         }
 
-        // Workarounds:
-        // Activate this in Super Smash Brothers Ultimate, it only affects AMD cards using AMDVLK
-        Settings::values.renderer_amdvlk_depth_bias_workaround =
-            params.program_id == 0x1006A800016E000ULL;
-
         status = SystemResultStatus::Success;
         return status;
     }
@@ -466,7 +430,6 @@ struct System::Impl {
         kernel.SuspendEmulation(true);
         kernel.CloseServices();
         kernel.ShutdownCores();
-        applet_manager.Reset();
         services.reset();
         service_manager.reset();
         fs_controller.Reset();
@@ -489,8 +452,8 @@ struct System::Impl {
             room_member->SendGameInfo(game_info);
         }
 
-        // Workarounds
-        Settings::values.renderer_amdvlk_depth_bias_workaround = false;
+        // Reset all glue registrations
+        arp_manager.ResetAll();
 
         LOG_DEBUG(Core, "Shutdown OK");
     }
@@ -509,31 +472,6 @@ struct System::Impl {
         return app_loader->ReadTitle(out);
     }
 
-    void AddGlueRegistrationForProcess(Loader::AppLoader& loader, Kernel::KProcess& process) {
-        std::vector<u8> nacp_data;
-        FileSys::NACP nacp;
-        if (loader.ReadControlData(nacp) == Loader::ResultStatus::Success) {
-            nacp_data = nacp.GetRawBytes();
-        } else {
-            nacp_data.resize(sizeof(FileSys::RawNACP));
-        }
-
-        Service::Glue::ApplicationLaunchProperty launch{};
-        launch.title_id = process.GetProgramId();
-
-        FileSys::PatchManager pm{launch.title_id, fs_controller, *content_provider};
-        launch.version = pm.GetGameVersion().value_or(0);
-
-        // TODO(DarkLordZach): When FSController/Game Card Support is added, if
-        // current_process_game_card use correct StorageId
-        launch.base_game_storage_id = GetStorageIdForFrontendSlot(content_provider->GetSlotForEntry(
-            launch.title_id, FileSys::ContentRecordType::Program));
-        launch.update_storage_id = GetStorageIdForFrontendSlot(content_provider->GetSlotForEntry(
-            FileSys::GetUpdateTitleID(launch.title_id), FileSys::ContentRecordType::Program));
-
-        arp_manager.Register(launch.title_id, launch, std::move(nacp_data));
-    }
-
     void SetStatus(SystemResultStatus new_status, const char* details = nullptr) {
         status = new_status;
         if (details) {

src/core/device_memory_manager.h

@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@ public:
     DeviceMemoryManager(const DeviceMemory& device_memory);
     ~DeviceMemoryManager();
 
+    static constexpr bool HAS_FLUSH_INVALIDATION = true;
+
     void BindInterface(DeviceInterface* device_inter);
 
     DAddr Allocate(size_t size);

src/core/device_memory_manager.inc

@@ -522,13 +522,17 @@ void DeviceMemoryManager<Traits>::UpdatePagesCachedCount(DAddr addr, size_t size
     auto* memory_device_inter = registered_processes[asid.id];
     const auto release_pending = [&] {
         if (uncache_bytes > 0) {
-            MarkRegionCaching(memory_device_inter, uncache_begin << Memory::YUZU_PAGEBITS,
-                              uncache_bytes, false);
+            if (memory_device_inter != nullptr) {
+                MarkRegionCaching(memory_device_inter, uncache_begin << Memory::YUZU_PAGEBITS,
+                                  uncache_bytes, false);
+            }
             uncache_bytes = 0;
         }
         if (cache_bytes > 0) {
-            MarkRegionCaching(memory_device_inter, cache_begin << Memory::YUZU_PAGEBITS,
-                              cache_bytes, true);
+            if (memory_device_inter != nullptr) {
+                MarkRegionCaching(memory_device_inter, cache_begin << Memory::YUZU_PAGEBITS,
+                                  cache_bytes, true);
+            }
             cache_bytes = 0;
         }
     };

src/core/file_sys/fs_filesystem.h

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ enum class OpenDirectoryMode : u64 {
     File = (1 << 1),
 
     All = (Directory | File),
+
+    NotRequireFileSize = (1ULL << 31),
 };
 DECLARE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS(OpenDirectoryMode)
 
@@ -36,4 +38,29 @@ enum class CreateOption : u8 {
     BigFile = (1 << 0),
 };
 
+struct FileSystemAttribute {
+    u8 dir_entry_name_length_max_defined;
+    u8 file_entry_name_length_max_defined;
+    u8 dir_path_name_length_max_defined;
+    u8 file_path_name_length_max_defined;
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(0x5);
+    u8 utf16_dir_entry_name_length_max_defined;
+    u8 utf16_file_entry_name_length_max_defined;
+    u8 utf16_dir_path_name_length_max_defined;
+    u8 utf16_file_path_name_length_max_defined;
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(0x18);
+    s32 dir_entry_name_length_max;
+    s32 file_entry_name_length_max;
+    s32 dir_path_name_length_max;
+    s32 file_path_name_length_max;
+    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(0x5);
+    s32 utf16_dir_entry_name_length_max;
+    s32 utf16_file_entry_name_length_max;
+    s32 utf16_dir_path_name_length_max;
+    s32 utf16_file_path_name_length_max;
+    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(0x18);
+    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(0x1);
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(FileSystemAttribute) == 0xC0, "FileSystemAttribute has incorrect size");
+
 } // namespace FileSys

src/core/file_sys/fs_memory_management.h

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ namespace FileSys {
 
 constexpr size_t RequiredAlignment = alignof(u64);
 
-void* AllocateUnsafe(size_t size) {
+inline void* AllocateUnsafe(size_t size) {
     // Allocate
     void* const ptr = ::operator new(size, std::align_val_t{RequiredAlignment});
 
@@ -21,16 +21,16 @@ void* AllocateUnsafe(size_t size) {
     return ptr;
 }
 
-void DeallocateUnsafe(void* ptr, size_t size) {
+inline void DeallocateUnsafe(void* ptr, size_t size) {
     // Deallocate the pointer
     ::operator delete(ptr, std::align_val_t{RequiredAlignment});
 }
 
-void* Allocate(size_t size) {
+inline void* Allocate(size_t size) {
     return AllocateUnsafe(size);
 }
 
-void Deallocate(void* ptr, size_t size) {
+inline void Deallocate(void* ptr, size_t size) {
     // If the pointer is non-null, deallocate it
     if (ptr != nullptr) {
         DeallocateUnsafe(ptr, size);

src/core/file_sys/fs_path.h

@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ public:
 
         // Check that it's possible for us to remove a child
         auto* p = m_write_buffer.Get();
-        s32 len = std::strlen(p);
+        s32 len = static_cast<s32>(std::strlen(p));
         R_UNLESS(len != 1 || (p[0] != '/' && p[0] != '.'), ResultNotImplemented);
 
         // Handle a trailing separator

src/core/file_sys/fs_path_utility.h

@@ -426,9 +426,10 @@ public:
         R_SUCCEED();
     }
 
-    static Result Normalize(char* dst, size_t* out_len, const char* path, size_t max_out_size,
-                            bool is_windows_path, bool is_drive_relative_path,
-                            bool allow_all_characters = false) {
+    static constexpr Result Normalize(char* dst, size_t* out_len, const char* path,
+                                      size_t max_out_size, bool is_windows_path,
+                                      bool is_drive_relative_path,
+                                      bool allow_all_characters = false) {
         // Use StringTraits names for remainder of scope
         using namespace StringTraits;
 

src/core/file_sys/fs_save_data_types.h

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array>
+#include <fmt/format.h>
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace FileSys {
+
+using SaveDataId = u64;
+using SystemSaveDataId = u64;
+using SystemBcatSaveDataId = SystemSaveDataId;
+using ProgramId = u64;
+
+enum class SaveDataSpaceId : u8 {
+    System = 0,
+    User = 1,
+    SdSystem = 2,
+    Temporary = 3,
+    SdUser = 4,
+
+    ProperSystem = 100,
+    SafeMode = 101,
+};
+
+enum class SaveDataType : u8 {
+    System = 0,
+    Account = 1,
+    Bcat = 2,
+    Device = 3,
+    Temporary = 4,
+    Cache = 5,
+    SystemBcat = 6,
+};
+
+enum class SaveDataRank : u8 {
+    Primary = 0,
+    Secondary = 1,
+};
+
+struct SaveDataSize {
+    u64 normal;
+    u64 journal;
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(SaveDataSize) == 0x10, "SaveDataSize has invalid size.");
+
+using UserId = u128;
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<UserId>, "Data type must be trivially copyable.");
+static_assert(sizeof(UserId) == 0x10, "UserId has invalid size.");
+
+constexpr inline SystemSaveDataId InvalidSystemSaveDataId = 0;
+constexpr inline UserId InvalidUserId = {};
+
+enum class SaveDataFlags : u32 {
+    None = (0 << 0),
+    KeepAfterResettingSystemSaveData = (1 << 0),
+    KeepAfterRefurbishment = (1 << 1),
+    KeepAfterResettingSystemSaveDataWithoutUserSaveData = (1 << 2),
+    NeedsSecureDelete = (1 << 3),
+};
+
+enum class SaveDataMetaType : u8 {
+    None = 0,
+    Thumbnail = 1,
+    ExtensionContext = 2,
+};
+
+struct SaveDataMetaInfo {
+    u32 size;
+    SaveDataMetaType type;
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0xB);
+};
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<SaveDataMetaInfo>,
+              "Data type must be trivially copyable.");
+static_assert(sizeof(SaveDataMetaInfo) == 0x10, "SaveDataMetaInfo has invalid size.");
+
+struct SaveDataCreationInfo {
+    s64 size;
+    s64 journal_size;
+    s64 block_size;
+    u64 owner_id;
+    u32 flags;
+    SaveDataSpaceId space_id;
+    bool pseudo;
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x1A);
+};
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<SaveDataCreationInfo>,
+              "Data type must be trivially copyable.");
+static_assert(sizeof(SaveDataCreationInfo) == 0x40, "SaveDataCreationInfo has invalid size.");
+
+struct SaveDataAttribute {
+    ProgramId program_id;
+    UserId user_id;
+    SystemSaveDataId system_save_data_id;
+    SaveDataType type;
+    SaveDataRank rank;
+    u16 index;
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x1C);
+
+    static constexpr SaveDataAttribute Make(ProgramId program_id, SaveDataType type, UserId user_id,
+                                            SystemSaveDataId system_save_data_id, u16 index,
+                                            SaveDataRank rank) {
+        return {
+            .program_id = program_id,
+            .user_id = user_id,
+            .system_save_data_id = system_save_data_id,
+            .type = type,
+            .rank = rank,
+            .index = index,
+        };
+    }
+
+    static constexpr SaveDataAttribute Make(ProgramId program_id, SaveDataType type, UserId user_id,
+                                            SystemSaveDataId system_save_data_id, u16 index) {
+        return Make(program_id, type, user_id, system_save_data_id, index, SaveDataRank::Primary);
+    }
+
+    static constexpr SaveDataAttribute Make(ProgramId program_id, SaveDataType type, UserId user_id,
+                                            SystemSaveDataId system_save_data_id) {
+        return Make(program_id, type, user_id, system_save_data_id, 0, SaveDataRank::Primary);
+    }
+
+    std::string DebugInfo() const {
+        return fmt::format(
+            "[title_id={:016X}, user_id={:016X}{:016X}, save_id={:016X}, type={:02X}, "
+            "rank={}, index={}]",
+            program_id, user_id[1], user_id[0], system_save_data_id, static_cast<u8>(type),
+            static_cast<u8>(rank), index);
+    }
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(SaveDataAttribute) == 0x40);
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_destructible<SaveDataAttribute>::value);
+
+constexpr inline bool operator<(const SaveDataAttribute& lhs, const SaveDataAttribute& rhs) {
+    return std::tie(lhs.program_id, lhs.user_id, lhs.system_save_data_id, lhs.index, lhs.rank) <
+           std::tie(rhs.program_id, rhs.user_id, rhs.system_save_data_id, rhs.index, rhs.rank);
+}
+
+constexpr inline bool operator==(const SaveDataAttribute& lhs, const SaveDataAttribute& rhs) {
+    return std::tie(lhs.program_id, lhs.user_id, lhs.system_save_data_id, lhs.type, lhs.rank,
+                    lhs.index) == std::tie(rhs.program_id, rhs.user_id, rhs.system_save_data_id,
+                                           rhs.type, rhs.rank, rhs.index);
+}
+
+constexpr inline bool operator!=(const SaveDataAttribute& lhs, const SaveDataAttribute& rhs) {
+    return !(lhs == rhs);
+}
+
+struct SaveDataExtraData {
+    SaveDataAttribute attr;
+    u64 owner_id;
+    s64 timestamp;
+    u32 flags;
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(4);
+    s64 available_size;
+    s64 journal_size;
+    s64 commit_id;
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x190);
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(SaveDataExtraData) == 0x200, "SaveDataExtraData has invalid size.");
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<SaveDataExtraData>,
+              "Data type must be trivially copyable.");
+
+struct SaveDataFilter {
+    bool use_program_id;
+    bool use_save_data_type;
+    bool use_user_id;
+    bool use_save_data_id;
+    bool use_index;
+    SaveDataRank rank;
+    SaveDataAttribute attribute;
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(SaveDataFilter) == 0x48, "SaveDataFilter has invalid size.");
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<SaveDataFilter>,
+              "Data type must be trivially copyable.");
+
+struct HashSalt {
+    static constexpr size_t Size = 32;
+
+    std::array<u8, Size> value;
+};
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<HashSalt>, "Data type must be trivially copyable.");
+static_assert(sizeof(HashSalt) == HashSalt::Size);
+
+} // namespace FileSys

src/core/file_sys/fs_string_util.h

@@ -19,6 +19,11 @@ constexpr int Strlen(const T* str) {
     return length;
 }
 
+template <typename T>
+constexpr int Strnlen(const T* str, std::size_t count) {
+    return Strnlen(str, static_cast<int>(count));
+}
+
 template <typename T>
 constexpr int Strnlen(const T* str, int count) {
     ASSERT(str != nullptr);
@@ -32,6 +37,11 @@ constexpr int Strnlen(const T* str, int count) {
     return length;
 }
 
+template <typename T>
+constexpr int Strncmp(const T* lhs, const T* rhs, std::size_t count) {
+    return Strncmp(lhs, rhs, static_cast<int>(count));
+}
+
 template <typename T>
 constexpr int Strncmp(const T* lhs, const T* rhs, int count) {
     ASSERT(lhs != nullptr);
@@ -51,6 +61,11 @@ constexpr int Strncmp(const T* lhs, const T* rhs, int count) {
     return l - r;
 }
 
+template <typename T>
+static constexpr int Strlcpy(T* dst, const T* src, std::size_t count) {
+    return Strlcpy<T>(dst, src, static_cast<int>(count));
+}
+
 template <typename T>
 static constexpr int Strlcpy(T* dst, const T* src, int count) {
     ASSERT(dst != nullptr);

src/core/file_sys/fsa/fs_i_directory.h

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/errors.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/fs_directory.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/fs_file.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/fs_filesystem.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/savedata_factory.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/vfs/vfs.h"
+#include "core/hle/result.h"
+
+namespace FileSys::Fsa {
+
+class IDirectory {
+public:
+    explicit IDirectory(VirtualDir backend_, OpenDirectoryMode mode)
+        : backend(std::move(backend_)) {
+        // TODO(DarkLordZach): Verify that this is the correct behavior.
+        // Build entry index now to save time later.
+        if (True(mode & OpenDirectoryMode::Directory)) {
+            BuildEntryIndex(backend->GetSubdirectories(), DirectoryEntryType::Directory);
+        }
+        if (True(mode & OpenDirectoryMode::File)) {
+            BuildEntryIndex(backend->GetFiles(), DirectoryEntryType::File);
+        }
+    }
+    virtual ~IDirectory() {}
+
+    Result Read(s64* out_count, DirectoryEntry* out_entries, s64 max_entries) {
+        R_UNLESS(out_count != nullptr, ResultNullptrArgument);
+        if (max_entries == 0) {
+            *out_count = 0;
+            R_SUCCEED();
+        }
+        R_UNLESS(out_entries != nullptr, ResultNullptrArgument);
+        R_UNLESS(max_entries > 0, ResultInvalidArgument);
+        R_RETURN(this->DoRead(out_count, out_entries, max_entries));
+    }
+
+    Result GetEntryCount(s64* out) {
+        R_UNLESS(out != nullptr, ResultNullptrArgument);
+        R_RETURN(this->DoGetEntryCount(out));
+    }
+
+private:
+    Result DoRead(s64* out_count, DirectoryEntry* out_entries, s64 max_entries) {
+        const u64 actual_entries =
+            std::min(static_cast<u64>(max_entries), entries.size() - next_entry_index);
+        const auto* begin = reinterpret_cast<u8*>(entries.data() + next_entry_index);
+        const auto* end = reinterpret_cast<u8*>(entries.data() + next_entry_index + actual_entries);
+        const auto range_size = static_cast<std::size_t>(std::distance(begin, end));
+
+        next_entry_index += actual_entries;
+        *out_count = actual_entries;
+
+        std::memcpy(out_entries, begin, range_size);
+
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
+    Result DoGetEntryCount(s64* out) {
+        *out = entries.size() - next_entry_index;
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Remove this when VFS is gone
+    template <typename T>
+    void BuildEntryIndex(const std::vector<T>& new_data, DirectoryEntryType type) {
+        entries.reserve(entries.size() + new_data.size());
+
+        for (const auto& new_entry : new_data) {
+            auto name = new_entry->GetName();
+
+            if (type == DirectoryEntryType::File && name == GetSaveDataSizeFileName()) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            entries.emplace_back(name, static_cast<s8>(type),
+                                 type == DirectoryEntryType::Directory ? 0 : new_entry->GetSize());
+        }
+    }
+
+    VirtualDir backend;
+    std::vector<DirectoryEntry> entries;
+    u64 next_entry_index = 0;
+};
+
+} // namespace FileSys::Fsa

src/core/file_sys/fsa/fs_i_file.h

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/overflow.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/errors.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/fs_file.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/fs_filesystem.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/fs_operate_range.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/vfs/vfs.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/vfs/vfs_types.h"
+#include "core/hle/result.h"
+
+namespace FileSys::Fsa {
+
+class IFile {
+public:
+    explicit IFile(VirtualFile backend_) : backend(std::move(backend_)) {}
+    virtual ~IFile() {}
+
+    Result Read(size_t* out, s64 offset, void* buffer, size_t size, const ReadOption& option) {
+        // Check that we have an output pointer
+        R_UNLESS(out != nullptr, ResultNullptrArgument);
+
+        // If we have nothing to read, just succeed
+        if (size == 0) {
+            *out = 0;
+            R_SUCCEED();
+        }
+
+        // Check that the read is valid
+        R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, ResultNullptrArgument);
+        R_UNLESS(offset >= 0, ResultOutOfRange);
+        R_UNLESS(Common::CanAddWithoutOverflow<s64>(offset, size), ResultOutOfRange);
+
+        // Do the read
+        R_RETURN(this->DoRead(out, offset, buffer, size, option));
+    }
+
+    Result Read(size_t* out, s64 offset, void* buffer, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(this->Read(out, offset, buffer, size, ReadOption::None));
+    }
+
+    Result GetSize(s64* out) {
+        R_UNLESS(out != nullptr, ResultNullptrArgument);
+        R_RETURN(this->DoGetSize(out));
+    }
+
+    Result Flush() {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoFlush());
+    }
+
+    Result Write(s64 offset, const void* buffer, size_t size, const WriteOption& option) {
+        // Handle the zero-size case
+        if (size == 0) {
+            if (option.HasFlushFlag()) {
+                R_TRY(this->Flush());
+            }
+            R_SUCCEED();
+        }
+
+        // Check the write is valid
+        R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, ResultNullptrArgument);
+        R_UNLESS(offset >= 0, ResultOutOfRange);
+        R_UNLESS(Common::CanAddWithoutOverflow<s64>(offset, size), ResultOutOfRange);
+
+        R_RETURN(this->DoWrite(offset, buffer, size, option));
+    }
+
+    Result SetSize(s64 size) {
+        R_UNLESS(size >= 0, ResultOutOfRange);
+        R_RETURN(this->DoSetSize(size));
+    }
+
+    Result OperateRange(void* dst, size_t dst_size, OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size,
+                        const void* src, size_t src_size) {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoOperateRange(dst, dst_size, op_id, offset, size, src, src_size));
+    }
+
+    Result OperateRange(OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size) {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoOperateRange(nullptr, 0, op_id, offset, size, nullptr, 0));
+    }
+
+protected:
+    Result DryRead(size_t* out, s64 offset, size_t size, const ReadOption& option,
+                   OpenMode open_mode) {
+        // Check that we can read
+        R_UNLESS(static_cast<u32>(open_mode & OpenMode::Read) != 0, ResultReadNotPermitted);
+
+        // Get the file size, and validate our offset
+        s64 file_size = 0;
+        R_TRY(this->DoGetSize(std::addressof(file_size)));
+        R_UNLESS(offset <= file_size, ResultOutOfRange);
+
+        *out = static_cast<size_t>(std::min(file_size - offset, static_cast<s64>(size)));
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
+    Result DrySetSize(s64 size, OpenMode open_mode) {
+        // Check that we can write
+        R_UNLESS(static_cast<u32>(open_mode & OpenMode::Write) != 0, ResultWriteNotPermitted);
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
+    Result DryWrite(bool* out_append, s64 offset, size_t size, const WriteOption& option,
+                    OpenMode open_mode) {
+        // Check that we can write
+        R_UNLESS(static_cast<u32>(open_mode & OpenMode::Write) != 0, ResultWriteNotPermitted);
+
+        // Get the file size
+        s64 file_size = 0;
+        R_TRY(this->DoGetSize(&file_size));
+
+        // Determine if we need to append
+        *out_append = false;
+        if (file_size < offset + static_cast<s64>(size)) {
+            R_UNLESS(static_cast<u32>(open_mode & OpenMode::AllowAppend) != 0,
+                     ResultFileExtensionWithoutOpenModeAllowAppend);
+            *out_append = true;
+        }
+
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
+private:
+    Result DoRead(size_t* out, s64 offset, void* buffer, size_t size, const ReadOption& option) {
+        const auto read_size = backend->Read(static_cast<u8*>(buffer), size, offset);
+        *out = read_size;
+
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
+    Result DoGetSize(s64* out) {
+        *out = backend->GetSize();
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
+    Result DoFlush() {
+        // Exists for SDK compatibiltity -- No need to flush file.
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
+    Result DoWrite(s64 offset, const void* buffer, size_t size, const WriteOption& option) {
+        const std::size_t written = backend->Write(static_cast<const u8*>(buffer), size, offset);
+
+        ASSERT_MSG(written == size,
+                   "Could not write all bytes to file (requested={:016X}, actual={:016X}).", size,
+                   written);
+
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
+    Result DoSetSize(s64 size) {
+        backend->Resize(size);
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
+    Result DoOperateRange(void* dst, size_t dst_size, OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size,
+                          const void* src, size_t src_size) {
+        R_THROW(ResultNotImplemented);
+    }
+
+    VirtualFile backend;
+};
+
+} // namespace FileSys::Fsa

src/core/file_sys/fsa/fs_i_filesystem.h

@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "core/file_sys/errors.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/fs_filesystem.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/fs_path.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/vfs/vfs_types.h"
+#include "core/hle/result.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/filesystem/filesystem.h"
+
+namespace FileSys::Fsa {
+
+class IFile;
+class IDirectory;
+
+enum class QueryId : u32 {
+    SetConcatenationFileAttribute = 0,
+    UpdateMac = 1,
+    IsSignedSystemPartitionOnSdCardValid = 2,
+    QueryUnpreparedFileInformation = 3,
+};
+
+class IFileSystem {
+public:
+    explicit IFileSystem(VirtualDir backend_) : backend{std::move(backend_)} {}
+    virtual ~IFileSystem() {}
+
+    Result CreateFile(const Path& path, s64 size, CreateOption option) {
+        R_UNLESS(size >= 0, ResultOutOfRange);
+        R_RETURN(this->DoCreateFile(path, size, static_cast<int>(option)));
+    }
+
+    Result CreateFile(const Path& path, s64 size) {
+        R_RETURN(this->CreateFile(path, size, CreateOption::None));
+    }
+
+    Result DeleteFile(const Path& path) {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoDeleteFile(path));
+    }
+
+    Result CreateDirectory(const Path& path) {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoCreateDirectory(path));
+    }
+
+    Result DeleteDirectory(const Path& path) {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoDeleteDirectory(path));
+    }
+
+    Result DeleteDirectoryRecursively(const Path& path) {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(path));
+    }
+
+    Result RenameFile(const Path& old_path, const Path& new_path) {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoRenameFile(old_path, new_path));
+    }
+
+    Result RenameDirectory(const Path& old_path, const Path& new_path) {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoRenameDirectory(old_path, new_path));
+    }
+
+    Result GetEntryType(DirectoryEntryType* out, const Path& path) {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoGetEntryType(out, path));
+    }
+
+    Result OpenFile(VirtualFile* out_file, const Path& path, OpenMode mode) {
+        R_UNLESS(out_file != nullptr, ResultNullptrArgument);
+        R_UNLESS(static_cast<u32>(mode & OpenMode::ReadWrite) != 0, ResultInvalidOpenMode);
+        R_UNLESS(static_cast<u32>(mode & ~OpenMode::All) == 0, ResultInvalidOpenMode);
+        R_RETURN(this->DoOpenFile(out_file, path, mode));
+    }
+
+    Result OpenDirectory(VirtualDir* out_dir, const Path& path, OpenDirectoryMode mode) {
+        R_UNLESS(out_dir != nullptr, ResultNullptrArgument);
+        R_UNLESS(static_cast<u64>(mode & OpenDirectoryMode::All) != 0, ResultInvalidOpenMode);
+        R_UNLESS(static_cast<u64>(
+                     mode & ~(OpenDirectoryMode::All | OpenDirectoryMode::NotRequireFileSize)) == 0,
+                 ResultInvalidOpenMode);
+        R_RETURN(this->DoOpenDirectory(out_dir, path, mode));
+    }
+
+    Result Commit() {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoCommit());
+    }
+
+    Result GetFreeSpaceSize(s64* out, const Path& path) {
+        R_UNLESS(out != nullptr, ResultNullptrArgument);
+        R_RETURN(this->DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out, path));
+    }
+
+    Result GetTotalSpaceSize(s64* out, const Path& path) {
+        R_UNLESS(out != nullptr, ResultNullptrArgument);
+        R_RETURN(this->DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out, path));
+    }
+
+    Result CleanDirectoryRecursively(const Path& path) {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(path));
+    }
+
+    Result GetFileTimeStampRaw(FileTimeStampRaw* out, const Path& path) {
+        R_UNLESS(out != nullptr, ResultNullptrArgument);
+        R_RETURN(this->DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out, path));
+    }
+
+    Result QueryEntry(char* dst, size_t dst_size, const char* src, size_t src_size, QueryId query,
+                      const Path& path) {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoQueryEntry(dst, dst_size, src, src_size, query, path));
+    }
+
+    // These aren't accessible as commands
+    Result CommitProvisionally(s64 counter) {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoCommitProvisionally(counter));
+    }
+
+    Result Rollback() {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoRollback());
+    }
+
+    Result Flush() {
+        R_RETURN(this->DoFlush());
+    }
+
+private:
+    Result DoCreateFile(const Path& path, s64 size, int flags) {
+        R_RETURN(backend.CreateFile(path.GetString(), size));
+    }
+
+    Result DoDeleteFile(const Path& path) {
+        R_RETURN(backend.DeleteFile(path.GetString()));
+    }
+
+    Result DoCreateDirectory(const Path& path) {
+        R_RETURN(backend.CreateDirectory(path.GetString()));
+    }
+
+    Result DoDeleteDirectory(const Path& path) {
+        R_RETURN(backend.DeleteDirectory(path.GetString()));
+    }
+
+    Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(const Path& path) {
+        R_RETURN(backend.DeleteDirectoryRecursively(path.GetString()));
+    }
+
+    Result DoRenameFile(const Path& old_path, const Path& new_path) {
+        R_RETURN(backend.RenameFile(old_path.GetString(), new_path.GetString()));
+    }
+
+    Result DoRenameDirectory(const Path& old_path, const Path& new_path) {
+        R_RETURN(backend.RenameDirectory(old_path.GetString(), new_path.GetString()));
+    }
+
+    Result DoGetEntryType(DirectoryEntryType* out, const Path& path) {
+        R_RETURN(backend.GetEntryType(out, path.GetString()));
+    }
+
+    Result DoOpenFile(VirtualFile* out_file, const Path& path, OpenMode mode) {
+        R_RETURN(backend.OpenFile(out_file, path.GetString(), mode));
+    }
+
+    Result DoOpenDirectory(VirtualDir* out_directory, const Path& path, OpenDirectoryMode mode) {
+        R_RETURN(backend.OpenDirectory(out_directory, path.GetString()));
+    }
+
+    Result DoCommit() {
+        R_THROW(ResultNotImplemented);
+    }
+
+    Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(s64* out, const Path& path) {
+        R_THROW(ResultNotImplemented);
+    }
+
+    Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(s64* out, const Path& path) {
+        R_THROW(ResultNotImplemented);
+    }
+
+    Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(const Path& path) {
+        R_RETURN(backend.CleanDirectoryRecursively(path.GetString()));
+    }
+
+    Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(FileTimeStampRaw* out, const Path& path) {
+        R_RETURN(backend.GetFileTimeStampRaw(out, path.GetString()));
+    }
+
+    Result DoQueryEntry(char* dst, size_t dst_size, const char* src, size_t src_size, QueryId query,
+                        const Path& path) {
+        R_THROW(ResultNotImplemented);
+    }
+
+    // These aren't accessible as commands
+    Result DoCommitProvisionally(s64 counter) {
+        R_THROW(ResultNotImplemented);
+    }
+
+    Result DoRollback() {
+        R_THROW(ResultNotImplemented);
+    }
+
+    Result DoFlush() {
+        R_THROW(ResultNotImplemented);
+    }
+
+    Service::FileSystem::VfsDirectoryServiceWrapper backend;
+};
+
+} // namespace FileSys::Fsa

src/core/file_sys/fssrv/fssrv_sf_path.h

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "core/file_sys/fs_directory.h"
+
+namespace FileSys::Sf {
+
+struct Path {
+    char str[EntryNameLengthMax + 1];
+
+    static constexpr Path Encode(const char* p) {
+        Path path = {};
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(path) - 1; i++) {
+            path.str[i] = p[i];
+            if (p[i] == '\x00') {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        return path;
+    }
+
+    static constexpr size_t GetPathLength(const Path& path) {
+        size_t len = 0;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(path) - 1 && path.str[i] != '\x00'; i++) {
+            len++;
+        }
+        return len;
+    }
+};
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<Path>, "Path must be trivially copyable.");
+
+using FspPath = Path;
+
+} // namespace FileSys::Sf

src/core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_aes_xts_storage.h

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <mutex>
 #include <optional>
 
 #include "core/crypto/aes_util.h"

src/core/file_sys/savedata_factory.cpp

@@ -14,48 +14,11 @@ namespace FileSys {
 
 namespace {
 
-void PrintSaveDataAttributeWarnings(SaveDataAttribute meta) {
-    if (meta.type == SaveDataType::SystemSaveData || meta.type == SaveDataType::SaveData) {
-        if (meta.zero_1 != 0) {
-            LOG_WARNING(Service_FS,
-                        "Possibly incorrect SaveDataAttribute, type is "
-                        "SystemSaveData||SaveData but offset 0x28 is non-zero ({:016X}).",
-                        meta.zero_1);
-        }
-        if (meta.zero_2 != 0) {
-            LOG_WARNING(Service_FS,
-                        "Possibly incorrect SaveDataAttribute, type is "
-                        "SystemSaveData||SaveData but offset 0x30 is non-zero ({:016X}).",
-                        meta.zero_2);
-        }
-        if (meta.zero_3 != 0) {
-            LOG_WARNING(Service_FS,
-                        "Possibly incorrect SaveDataAttribute, type is "
-                        "SystemSaveData||SaveData but offset 0x38 is non-zero ({:016X}).",
-                        meta.zero_3);
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (meta.type == SaveDataType::SystemSaveData && meta.title_id != 0) {
-        LOG_WARNING(Service_FS,
-                    "Possibly incorrect SaveDataAttribute, type is SystemSaveData but title_id is "
-                    "non-zero ({:016X}).",
-                    meta.title_id);
-    }
-
-    if (meta.type == SaveDataType::DeviceSaveData && meta.user_id != u128{0, 0}) {
-        LOG_WARNING(Service_FS,
-                    "Possibly incorrect SaveDataAttribute, type is DeviceSaveData but user_id is "
-                    "non-zero ({:016X}{:016X})",
-                    meta.user_id[1], meta.user_id[0]);
-    }
-}
-
 bool ShouldSaveDataBeAutomaticallyCreated(SaveDataSpaceId space, const SaveDataAttribute& attr) {
-    return attr.type == SaveDataType::CacheStorage || attr.type == SaveDataType::TemporaryStorage ||
-           (space == SaveDataSpaceId::NandUser && ///< Normal Save Data -- Current Title & User
-            (attr.type == SaveDataType::SaveData || attr.type == SaveDataType::DeviceSaveData) &&
-            attr.title_id == 0 && attr.save_id == 0);
+    return attr.type == SaveDataType::Cache || attr.type == SaveDataType::Temporary ||
+           (space == SaveDataSpaceId::User && ///< Normal Save Data -- Current Title & User
+            (attr.type == SaveDataType::Account || attr.type == SaveDataType::Device) &&
+            attr.program_id == 0 && attr.system_save_data_id == 0);
 }
 
 std::string GetFutureSaveDataPath(SaveDataSpaceId space_id, SaveDataType type, u64 title_id,
@@ -63,7 +26,7 @@ std::string GetFutureSaveDataPath(SaveDataSpaceId space_id, SaveDataType type, u
     // Only detect nand user saves.
     const auto space_id_path = [space_id]() -> std::string_view {
         switch (space_id) {
-        case SaveDataSpaceId::NandUser:
+        case SaveDataSpaceId::User:
             return "/user/save";
         default:
             return "";
@@ -79,9 +42,9 @@ std::string GetFutureSaveDataPath(SaveDataSpaceId space_id, SaveDataType type, u
 
     // Only detect account/device saves from the future location.
     switch (type) {
-    case SaveDataType::SaveData:
+    case SaveDataType::Account:
         return fmt::format("{}/account/{}/{:016X}/0", space_id_path, uuid.RawString(), title_id);
-    case SaveDataType::DeviceSaveData:
+    case SaveDataType::Device:
         return fmt::format("{}/device/{:016X}/0", space_id_path, title_id);
     default:
         return "";
@@ -90,13 +53,6 @@ std::string GetFutureSaveDataPath(SaveDataSpaceId space_id, SaveDataType type, u
 
 } // Anonymous namespace
 
-std::string SaveDataAttribute::DebugInfo() const {
-    return fmt::format("[title_id={:016X}, user_id={:016X}{:016X}, save_id={:016X}, type={:02X}, "
-                       "rank={}, index={}]",
-                       title_id, user_id[1], user_id[0], save_id, static_cast<u8>(type),
-                       static_cast<u8>(rank), index);
-}
-
 SaveDataFactory::SaveDataFactory(Core::System& system_, ProgramId program_id_,
                                  VirtualDir save_directory_)
     : system{system_}, program_id{program_id_}, dir{std::move(save_directory_)} {
@@ -108,18 +64,16 @@ SaveDataFactory::SaveDataFactory(Core::System& system_, ProgramId program_id_,
 SaveDataFactory::~SaveDataFactory() = default;
 
 VirtualDir SaveDataFactory::Create(SaveDataSpaceId space, const SaveDataAttribute& meta) const {
-    PrintSaveDataAttributeWarnings(meta);
-
-    const auto save_directory =
-        GetFullPath(program_id, dir, space, meta.type, meta.title_id, meta.user_id, meta.save_id);
+    const auto save_directory = GetFullPath(program_id, dir, space, meta.type, meta.program_id,
+                                            meta.user_id, meta.system_save_data_id);
 
     return dir->CreateDirectoryRelative(save_directory);
 }
 
 VirtualDir SaveDataFactory::Open(SaveDataSpaceId space, const SaveDataAttribute& meta) const {
 
-    const auto save_directory =
-        GetFullPath(program_id, dir, space, meta.type, meta.title_id, meta.user_id, meta.save_id);
+    const auto save_directory = GetFullPath(program_id, dir, space, meta.type, meta.program_id,
+                                            meta.user_id, meta.system_save_data_id);
 
     auto out = dir->GetDirectoryRelative(save_directory);
 
@@ -136,11 +90,11 @@ VirtualDir SaveDataFactory::GetSaveDataSpaceDirectory(SaveDataSpaceId space) con
 
 std::string SaveDataFactory::GetSaveDataSpaceIdPath(SaveDataSpaceId space) {
     switch (space) {
-    case SaveDataSpaceId::NandSystem:
+    case SaveDataSpaceId::System:
         return "/system/";
-    case SaveDataSpaceId::NandUser:
+    case SaveDataSpaceId::User:
         return "/user/";
-    case SaveDataSpaceId::TemporaryStorage:
+    case SaveDataSpaceId::Temporary:
         return "/temp/";
     default:
         ASSERT_MSG(false, "Unrecognized SaveDataSpaceId: {:02X}", static_cast<u8>(space));
@@ -153,7 +107,7 @@ std::string SaveDataFactory::GetFullPath(ProgramId program_id, VirtualDir dir,
                                          u128 user_id, u64 save_id) {
     // According to switchbrew, if a save is of type SaveData and the title id field is 0, it should
     // be interpreted as the title id of the current process.
-    if (type == SaveDataType::SaveData || type == SaveDataType::DeviceSaveData) {
+    if (type == SaveDataType::Account || type == SaveDataType::Device) {
         if (title_id == 0) {
             title_id = program_id;
         }
@@ -173,16 +127,16 @@ std::string SaveDataFactory::GetFullPath(ProgramId program_id, VirtualDir dir,
     std::string out = GetSaveDataSpaceIdPath(space);
 
     switch (type) {
-    case SaveDataType::SystemSaveData:
+    case SaveDataType::System:
         return fmt::format("{}save/{:016X}/{:016X}{:016X}", out, save_id, user_id[1], user_id[0]);
-    case SaveDataType::SaveData:
-    case SaveDataType::DeviceSaveData:
+    case SaveDataType::Account:
+    case SaveDataType::Device:
         return fmt::format("{}save/{:016X}/{:016X}{:016X}/{:016X}", out, 0, user_id[1], user_id[0],
                            title_id);
-    case SaveDataType::TemporaryStorage:
+    case SaveDataType::Temporary:
         return fmt::format("{}{:016X}/{:016X}{:016X}/{:016X}", out, 0, user_id[1], user_id[0],
                            title_id);
-    case SaveDataType::CacheStorage:
+    case SaveDataType::Cache:
         return fmt::format("{}save/cache/{:016X}", out, title_id);
     default:
         ASSERT_MSG(false, "Unrecognized SaveDataType: {:02X}", static_cast<u8>(type));
@@ -202,7 +156,7 @@ std::string SaveDataFactory::GetUserGameSaveDataRoot(u128 user_id, bool future)
 SaveDataSize SaveDataFactory::ReadSaveDataSize(SaveDataType type, u64 title_id,
                                                u128 user_id) const {
     const auto path =
-        GetFullPath(program_id, dir, SaveDataSpaceId::NandUser, type, title_id, user_id, 0);
+        GetFullPath(program_id, dir, SaveDataSpaceId::User, type, title_id, user_id, 0);
     const auto relative_dir = GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dir, path);
 
     const auto size_file = relative_dir->GetFile(GetSaveDataSizeFileName());
@@ -221,7 +175,7 @@ SaveDataSize SaveDataFactory::ReadSaveDataSize(SaveDataType type, u64 title_id,
 void SaveDataFactory::WriteSaveDataSize(SaveDataType type, u64 title_id, u128 user_id,
                                         SaveDataSize new_value) const {
     const auto path =
-        GetFullPath(program_id, dir, SaveDataSpaceId::NandUser, type, title_id, user_id, 0);
+        GetFullPath(program_id, dir, SaveDataSpaceId::User, type, title_id, user_id, 0);
     const auto relative_dir = GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dir, path);
 
     const auto size_file = relative_dir->CreateFile(GetSaveDataSizeFileName());

src/core/file_sys/savedata_factory.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/fs_save_data_types.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs/vfs.h"
 #include "core/hle/result.h"
 
@@ -16,73 +17,6 @@ class System;
 
 namespace FileSys {
 
-enum class SaveDataSpaceId : u8 {
-    NandSystem = 0,
-    NandUser = 1,
-    SdCardSystem = 2,
-    TemporaryStorage = 3,
-    SdCardUser = 4,
-    ProperSystem = 100,
-    SafeMode = 101,
-};
-
-enum class SaveDataType : u8 {
-    SystemSaveData = 0,
-    SaveData = 1,
-    BcatDeliveryCacheStorage = 2,
-    DeviceSaveData = 3,
-    TemporaryStorage = 4,
-    CacheStorage = 5,
-    SystemBcat = 6,
-};
-
-enum class SaveDataRank : u8 {
-    Primary = 0,
-    Secondary = 1,
-};
-
-enum class SaveDataFlags : u32 {
-    None = (0 << 0),
-    KeepAfterResettingSystemSaveData = (1 << 0),
-    KeepAfterRefurbishment = (1 << 1),
-    KeepAfterResettingSystemSaveDataWithoutUserSaveData = (1 << 2),
-    NeedsSecureDelete = (1 << 3),
-};
-
-struct SaveDataAttribute {
-    u64 title_id;
-    u128 user_id;
-    u64 save_id;
-    SaveDataType type;
-    SaveDataRank rank;
-    u16 index;
-    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(4);
-    u64 zero_1;
-    u64 zero_2;
-    u64 zero_3;
-
-    std::string DebugInfo() const;
-};
-static_assert(sizeof(SaveDataAttribute) == 0x40, "SaveDataAttribute has incorrect size.");
-
-struct SaveDataExtraData {
-    SaveDataAttribute attr;
-    u64 owner_id;
-    s64 timestamp;
-    SaveDataFlags flags;
-    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(4);
-    s64 available_size;
-    s64 journal_size;
-    s64 commit_id;
-    std::array<u8, 0x190> unused;
-};
-static_assert(sizeof(SaveDataExtraData) == 0x200, "SaveDataExtraData has incorrect size.");
-
-struct SaveDataSize {
-    u64 normal;
-    u64 journal;
-};
-
 constexpr const char* GetSaveDataSizeFileName() {
     return ".yuzu_save_size";
 }

src/core/guest_memory.h

@@ -44,15 +44,32 @@ public:
     GuestMemory() = delete;
     explicit GuestMemory(M& memory, u64 addr, std::size_t size,
                          Common::ScratchBuffer<T>* backup = nullptr)
-        : m_memory{memory}, m_addr{addr}, m_size{size} {
+        : m_memory{&memory}, m_addr{addr}, m_size{size} {
         static_assert(FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Read || FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Write);
-        if constexpr (FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Read) {
+        if constexpr (!(FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Read)) {
+            if (!this->TrySetSpan()) {
+                if (backup) {
+                    backup->resize_destructive(this->size());
+                    m_data_span = *backup;
+                    m_span_valid = true;
+                    m_is_data_copy = true;
+                } else {
+                    m_data_copy.resize(this->size());
+                    m_data_span = std::span(m_data_copy);
+                    m_span_valid = true;
+                    m_is_data_copy = true;
+                }
+            }
+        } else if constexpr (FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Read) {
             Read(addr, size, backup);
         }
     }
 
     ~GuestMemory() = default;
 
+    GuestMemory(GuestMemory&& rhs) = default;
+    GuestMemory& operator=(GuestMemory&& rhs) = default;
+
     T* data() noexcept {
         return m_data_span.data();
     }
@@ -109,8 +126,8 @@ public:
         }
 
         if (this->TrySetSpan()) {
-            if constexpr (FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Safe) {
-                m_memory.FlushRegion(m_addr, this->size_bytes());
+            if constexpr (FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Safe && M::HAS_FLUSH_INVALIDATION) {
+                m_memory->FlushRegion(m_addr, this->size_bytes());
             }
         } else {
             if (backup) {
@@ -123,9 +140,9 @@ public:
             m_is_data_copy = true;
             m_span_valid = true;
             if constexpr (FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Safe) {
-                m_memory.ReadBlock(m_addr, this->data(), this->size_bytes());
+                m_memory->ReadBlock(m_addr, this->data(), this->size_bytes());
             } else {
-                m_memory.ReadBlockUnsafe(m_addr, this->data(), this->size_bytes());
+                m_memory->ReadBlockUnsafe(m_addr, this->data(), this->size_bytes());
             }
         }
         return m_data_span;
@@ -133,18 +150,19 @@ public:
 
     void Write(std::span<T> write_data) noexcept {
         if constexpr (FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Cached) {
-            m_memory.WriteBlockCached(m_addr, write_data.data(), this->size_bytes());
+            m_memory->WriteBlockCached(m_addr, write_data.data(), this->size_bytes());
         } else if constexpr (FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Safe) {
-            m_memory.WriteBlock(m_addr, write_data.data(), this->size_bytes());
+            m_memory->WriteBlock(m_addr, write_data.data(), this->size_bytes());
         } else {
-            m_memory.WriteBlockUnsafe(m_addr, write_data.data(), this->size_bytes());
+            m_memory->WriteBlockUnsafe(m_addr, write_data.data(), this->size_bytes());
         }
     }
 
     bool TrySetSpan() noexcept {
-        if (u8* ptr = m_memory.GetSpan(m_addr, this->size_bytes()); ptr) {
+        if (u8* ptr = m_memory->GetSpan(m_addr, this->size_bytes()); ptr) {
             m_data_span = {reinterpret_cast<T*>(ptr), this->size()};
             m_span_valid = true;
+            m_is_data_copy = false;
             return true;
         }
         return false;
@@ -159,7 +177,7 @@ protected:
         return m_addr_changed;
     }
 
-    M& m_memory;
+    M* m_memory;
     u64 m_addr{};
     size_t m_size{};
     std::span<T> m_data_span{};
@@ -175,17 +193,7 @@ public:
     GuestMemoryScoped() = delete;
     explicit GuestMemoryScoped(M& memory, u64 addr, std::size_t size,
                                Common::ScratchBuffer<T>* backup = nullptr)
-        : GuestMemory<M, T, FLAGS>(memory, addr, size, backup) {
-        if constexpr (!(FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Read)) {
-            if (!this->TrySetSpan()) {
-                if (backup) {
-                    this->m_data_span = *backup;
-                    this->m_span_valid = true;
-                    this->m_is_data_copy = true;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
+        : GuestMemory<M, T, FLAGS>(memory, addr, size, backup) {}
 
     ~GuestMemoryScoped() {
         if constexpr (FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Write) {
@@ -196,15 +204,17 @@ public:
             if (this->AddressChanged() || this->IsDataCopy()) {
                 ASSERT(this->m_span_valid);
                 if constexpr (FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Cached) {
-                    this->m_memory.WriteBlockCached(this->m_addr, this->data(), this->size_bytes());
+                    this->m_memory->WriteBlockCached(this->m_addr, this->data(),
+                                                     this->size_bytes());
                 } else if constexpr (FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Safe) {
-                    this->m_memory.WriteBlock(this->m_addr, this->data(), this->size_bytes());
+                    this->m_memory->WriteBlock(this->m_addr, this->data(), this->size_bytes());
                 } else {
-                    this->m_memory.WriteBlockUnsafe(this->m_addr, this->data(), this->size_bytes());
+                    this->m_memory->WriteBlockUnsafe(this->m_addr, this->data(),
+                                                     this->size_bytes());
                 }
             } else if constexpr ((FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Safe) ||
                                  (FLAGS & GuestMemoryFlags::Cached)) {
-                this->m_memory.InvalidateRegion(this->m_addr, this->size_bytes());
+                this->m_memory->InvalidateRegion(this->m_addr, this->size_bytes());
             }
         }
     }

src/core/hle/kernel/k_process.cpp

@@ -1170,6 +1170,7 @@ Result KProcess::LoadFromMetadata(const FileSys::ProgramMetadata& metadata, std:
     // Determine if we are an application.
     if (pool == KMemoryManager::Pool::Application) {
         flag |= Svc::CreateProcessFlag::IsApplication;
+        m_is_application = true;
     }
 
     // If we are 64-bit, create as such.

src/core/hle/service/acc/acc.cpp

@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@
 #include "core/hle/service/acc/async_context.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/acc/errors.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/acc/profile_manager.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/cmif_serialization.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/glue/glue_manager.h"
-#include "core/hle/service/ipc_helpers.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/server_manager.h"
 #include "core/loader/loader.h"
 
@@ -74,12 +74,12 @@ static void SanitizeJPEGImageSize(std::vector<u8>& image) {
 
 class IManagerForSystemService final : public ServiceFramework<IManagerForSystemService> {
 public:
-    explicit IManagerForSystemService(Core::System& system_, Common::UUID)
-        : ServiceFramework{system_, "IManagerForSystemService"} {
+    explicit IManagerForSystemService(Core::System& system_, Common::UUID uuid)
+        : ServiceFramework{system_, "IManagerForSystemService"}, account_id{uuid} {
         // clang-format off
         static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-            {0, &IManagerForSystemService::CheckAvailability, "CheckAvailability"},
-            {1, nullptr, "GetAccountId"},
+            {0, D<&IManagerForSystemService::CheckAvailability>, "CheckAvailability"},
+            {1, D<&IManagerForSystemService::GetAccountId>, "GetAccountId"},
             {2, nullptr, "EnsureIdTokenCacheAsync"},
             {3, nullptr, "LoadIdTokenCache"},
             {100, nullptr, "SetSystemProgramIdentification"},
@@ -109,11 +109,18 @@ public:
     }
 
 private:
-    void CheckAvailability(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    Result CheckAvailability() {
         LOG_WARNING(Service_ACC, "(STUBBED) called");
-        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-        rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
+        R_SUCCEED();
     }
+
+    Result GetAccountId(Out<u64> out_account_id) {
+        LOG_WARNING(Service_ACC, "(STUBBED) called");
+        *out_account_id = account_id.Hash();
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
+    Common::UUID account_id;
 };
 
 // 3.0.0+

src/core/hle/service/acc/acc_u1.cpp

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ ACC_U1::ACC_U1(std::shared_ptr<Module> module_, std::shared_ptr<ProfileManager>
         {99, nullptr, "DebugActivateOpenContextRetention"},
         {100, nullptr, "GetUserRegistrationNotifier"},
         {101, nullptr, "GetUserStateChangeNotifier"},
-        {102, nullptr, "GetBaasAccountManagerForSystemService"},
+        {102, &ACC_U1::GetBaasAccountManagerForSystemService, "GetBaasAccountManagerForSystemService"},
         {103, nullptr, "GetBaasUserAvailabilityChangeNotifier"},
         {104, nullptr, "GetProfileUpdateNotifier"},
         {105, nullptr, "CheckNetworkServiceAvailabilityAsync"},

src/core/hle/service/am/am.cpp

@@ -2,19 +2,26 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
 #include "core/hle/service/am/am.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/button_poller.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/event_observer.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/all_system_applet_proxies_service.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/application_proxy_service.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/window_system.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/server_manager.h"
 
 namespace Service::AM {
 
 void LoopProcess(Core::System& system) {
+    WindowSystem window_system(system);
+    ButtonPoller button_poller(system, window_system);
+    EventObserver event_observer(system, window_system);
+
     auto server_manager = std::make_unique<ServerManager>(system);
 
-    server_manager->RegisterNamedService("appletAE",
-                                         std::make_shared<IAllSystemAppletProxiesService>(system));
-    server_manager->RegisterNamedService("appletOE",
-                                         std::make_shared<IApplicationProxyService>(system));
+    server_manager->RegisterNamedService(
+        "appletAE", std::make_shared<IAllSystemAppletProxiesService>(system, window_system));
+    server_manager->RegisterNamedService(
+        "appletOE", std::make_shared<IApplicationProxyService>(system, window_system));
     ServerManager::RunServer(std::move(server_manager));
 }
 

src/core/hle/service/am/am_results.h

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ namespace Service::AM {
 
 constexpr Result ResultNoDataInChannel{ErrorModule::AM, 2};
 constexpr Result ResultNoMessages{ErrorModule::AM, 3};
+constexpr Result ResultLibraryAppletTerminated{ErrorModule::AM, 22};
 constexpr Result ResultInvalidOffset{ErrorModule::AM, 503};
 constexpr Result ResultInvalidStorageType{ErrorModule::AM, 511};
 constexpr Result ResultFatalSectionCountImbalance{ErrorModule::AM, 512};

src/core/hle/service/am/am_types.h

@@ -48,11 +48,6 @@ enum class SystemButtonType {
     CaptureButtonLongPressing,
 };
 
-enum class SysPlatformRegion : s32 {
-    Global = 1,
-    Terra = 2,
-};
-
 struct AppletProcessLaunchReason {
     u8 flag;
     INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(3);
@@ -66,12 +61,6 @@ enum class ScreenshotPermission : u32 {
     Disable = 2,
 };
 
-struct FocusHandlingMode {
-    bool notify;
-    bool background;
-    bool suspend;
-};
-
 enum class IdleTimeDetectionExtension : u32 {
     Disabled = 0,
     Extended = 1,
@@ -244,7 +233,6 @@ struct ApplicationPlayStatistics {
 static_assert(sizeof(ApplicationPlayStatistics) == 0x18,
               "ApplicationPlayStatistics has incorrect size.");
 
-using AppletResourceUserId = u64;
 using ProgramId = u64;
 
 struct Applet;

src/core/hle/service/am/applet.cpp

@@ -1,27 +1,71 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
-#include "common/scope_exit.h"
-
 #include "core/core.h"
-#include "core/hle/service/am/am_results.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/applet.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/applet_manager.h"
 
 namespace Service::AM {
 
-Applet::Applet(Core::System& system, std::unique_ptr<Process> process_)
-    : context(system, "Applet"), message_queue(system), process(std::move(process_)),
-      hid_registration(system, *process), gpu_error_detected_event(context),
-      friend_invitation_storage_channel_event(context), notification_storage_channel_event(context),
-      health_warning_disappeared_system_event(context), acquired_sleep_lock_event(context),
-      pop_from_general_channel_event(context), library_applet_launchable_event(context),
-      accumulated_suspended_tick_changed_event(context), sleep_lock_event(context) {
+Applet::Applet(Core::System& system, std::unique_ptr<Process> process_, bool is_application)
+    : context(system, "Applet"), lifecycle_manager(system, context, is_application),
+      process(std::move(process_)), hid_registration(system, *process),
+      gpu_error_detected_event(context), friend_invitation_storage_channel_event(context),
+      notification_storage_channel_event(context), health_warning_disappeared_system_event(context),
+      acquired_sleep_lock_event(context), pop_from_general_channel_event(context),
+      library_applet_launchable_event(context), accumulated_suspended_tick_changed_event(context),
+      sleep_lock_event(context), state_changed_event(context) {
 
-    aruid = process->GetProcessId();
+    aruid.pid = process->GetProcessId();
     program_id = process->GetProgramId();
 }
 
 Applet::~Applet() = default;
 
+void Applet::UpdateSuspensionStateLocked(bool force_message) {
+    // Remove any forced resumption.
+    lifecycle_manager.RemoveForceResumeIfPossible();
+
+    // Check if we're runnable.
+    const bool curr_activity_runnable = lifecycle_manager.IsRunnable();
+    const bool prev_activity_runnable = is_activity_runnable;
+    const bool was_changed = curr_activity_runnable != prev_activity_runnable;
+
+    if (was_changed) {
+        if (curr_activity_runnable) {
+            process->Suspend(false);
+        } else {
+            process->Suspend(true);
+            lifecycle_manager.RequestResumeNotification();
+        }
+
+        is_activity_runnable = curr_activity_runnable;
+    }
+
+    if (lifecycle_manager.GetForcedSuspend()) {
+        // TODO: why is this allowed?
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Signal if the focus state was changed or the process state was changed.
+    if (lifecycle_manager.UpdateRequestedFocusState() || was_changed || force_message) {
+        lifecycle_manager.SignalSystemEventIfNeeded();
+    }
+}
+
+void Applet::SetInteractibleLocked(bool interactible) {
+    if (is_interactible == interactible) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    is_interactible = interactible;
+
+    hid_registration.EnableAppletToGetInput(interactible && !lifecycle_manager.GetExitRequested());
+}
+
+void Applet::OnProcessTerminatedLocked() {
+    is_completed = true;
+    state_changed_event.Signal();
+}
+
 } // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/applet.h

@@ -3,25 +3,28 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <deque>
 #include <mutex>
 
 #include "common/math_util.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/apm/apm_controller.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/caps/caps_types.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/cmif_types.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/kernel_helpers.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/os/event.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/os/process.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/service.h"
 
 #include "core/hle/service/am/am_types.h"
-#include "core/hle/service/am/applet_message_queue.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/display_layer_manager.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/hid_registration.h"
-#include "core/hle/service/am/process.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/lifecycle_manager.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/process_holder.h"
 
 namespace Service::AM {
 
 struct Applet {
-    explicit Applet(Core::System& system, std::unique_ptr<Process> process_);
+    explicit Applet(Core::System& system, std::unique_ptr<Process> process_, bool is_application);
     ~Applet();
 
     // Lock
@@ -30,11 +33,13 @@ struct Applet {
     // Event creation helper
     KernelHelpers::ServiceContext context;
 
-    // Applet message queue
-    AppletMessageQueue message_queue;
+    // Lifecycle manager
+    LifecycleManager lifecycle_manager;
 
     // Process
     std::unique_ptr<Process> process;
+    std::optional<ProcessHolder> process_holder;
+    bool is_process_running{};
 
     // Creation state
     AppletId applet_id{};
@@ -75,11 +80,9 @@ struct Applet {
     bool game_play_recording_supported{};
     GamePlayRecordingState game_play_recording_state{GamePlayRecordingState::Disabled};
     bool jit_service_launched{};
-    bool is_running{};
     bool application_crash_report_enabled{};
 
     // Common state
-    FocusState focus_state{};
     bool sleep_lock_enabled{};
     bool vr_mode_enabled{};
     bool lcd_backlight_off_enabled{};
@@ -93,15 +96,12 @@ struct Applet {
     // Caller applet
     std::weak_ptr<Applet> caller_applet{};
     std::shared_ptr<AppletDataBroker> caller_applet_broker{};
+    std::list<std::shared_ptr<Applet>> child_applets{};
+    bool is_completed{};
 
     // Self state
     bool exit_locked{};
     s32 fatal_section_count{};
-    bool operation_mode_changed_notification_enabled{true};
-    bool performance_mode_changed_notification_enabled{true};
-    FocusHandlingMode focus_handling_mode{};
-    bool restart_message_enabled{};
-    bool out_of_focus_suspension_enabled{true};
     Capture::AlbumImageOrientation album_image_orientation{};
     bool handles_request_to_display{};
     ScreenshotPermission screenshot_permission{};
@@ -110,6 +110,9 @@ struct Applet {
     u64 suspended_ticks{};
     bool album_image_taken_notification_enabled{};
     bool record_volume_muted{};
+    bool is_activity_runnable{};
+    bool is_interactible{true};
+    bool window_visible{true};
 
     // Events
     Event gpu_error_detected_event;
@@ -121,9 +124,15 @@ struct Applet {
     Event library_applet_launchable_event;
     Event accumulated_suspended_tick_changed_event;
     Event sleep_lock_event;
+    Event state_changed_event;
 
     // Frontend state
     std::shared_ptr<Frontend::FrontendApplet> frontend{};
+
+    // Process state management
+    void UpdateSuspensionStateLocked(bool force_message);
+    void SetInteractibleLocked(bool interactible);
+    void OnProcessTerminatedLocked();
 };
 
 } // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/applet_data_broker.cpp

@@ -44,24 +44,8 @@ Kernel::KReadableEvent* AppletStorageChannel::GetEvent() {
 
 AppletDataBroker::AppletDataBroker(Core::System& system_)
     : system(system_), context(system_, "AppletDataBroker"), in_data(context),
-      interactive_in_data(context), out_data(context), interactive_out_data(context),
-      state_changed_event(context), is_completed(false) {}
+      interactive_in_data(context), out_data(context), interactive_out_data(context) {}
 
 AppletDataBroker::~AppletDataBroker() = default;
 
-void AppletDataBroker::SignalCompletion() {
-    {
-        std::scoped_lock lk{lock};
-
-        if (is_completed) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        is_completed = true;
-        state_changed_event.Signal();
-    }
-
-    system.GetAppletManager().FocusStateChanged();
-}
-
 } // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/applet_data_broker.h

@@ -53,16 +53,6 @@ public:
         return interactive_out_data;
     }
 
-    Event& GetStateChangedEvent() {
-        return state_changed_event;
-    }
-
-    bool IsCompleted() const {
-        return is_completed;
-    }
-
-    void SignalCompletion();
-
 private:
     Core::System& system;
     KernelHelpers::ServiceContext context;
@@ -71,10 +61,6 @@ private:
     AppletStorageChannel interactive_in_data;
     AppletStorageChannel out_data;
     AppletStorageChannel interactive_out_data;
-    Event state_changed_event;
-
-    std::mutex lock;
-    bool is_completed;
 };
 
 } // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/applet_manager.cpp

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "core/hle/service/am/frontend/applet_mii_edit_types.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/frontend/applet_software_keyboard_types.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/storage.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/window_system.h"
 #include "hid_core/hid_types.h"
 
 namespace Service::AM {
@@ -225,49 +226,46 @@ void PushInShowSoftwareKeyboard(Core::System& system, AppletStorageChannel& chan
 } // namespace
 
 AppletManager::AppletManager(Core::System& system) : m_system(system) {}
-AppletManager::~AppletManager() {
-    this->Reset();
-}
-
-void AppletManager::InsertApplet(std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet) {
-    std::scoped_lock lk{m_lock};
-
-    m_applets.emplace(applet->aruid, std::move(applet));
-}
-
-void AppletManager::TerminateAndRemoveApplet(AppletResourceUserId aruid) {
-    std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet;
-    bool should_stop = false;
-    {
-        std::scoped_lock lk{m_lock};
-
-        const auto it = m_applets.find(aruid);
-        if (it == m_applets.end()) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        applet = it->second;
-        m_applets.erase(it);
-
-        should_stop = m_applets.empty();
-    }
-
-    // Terminate process.
-    applet->process->Terminate();
-
-    // If there were no applets left, stop emulation.
-    if (should_stop) {
-        m_system.Exit();
-    }
-}
+AppletManager::~AppletManager() = default;
 
 void AppletManager::CreateAndInsertByFrontendAppletParameters(
-    AppletResourceUserId aruid, const FrontendAppletParameters& params) {
-    // TODO: this should be run inside AM so that the events will have a parent process
-    // TODO: have am create the guest process
-    auto applet = std::make_shared<Applet>(m_system, std::make_unique<Process>(m_system));
+    std::unique_ptr<Process> process, const FrontendAppletParameters& params) {
+    {
+        std::scoped_lock lk{m_lock};
+        m_pending_process = std::move(process);
+        m_pending_parameters = params;
+    }
+    m_cv.notify_all();
+}
+
+void AppletManager::RequestExit() {
+    std::scoped_lock lk{m_lock};
+    if (m_window_system) {
+        m_window_system->OnExitRequested();
+    }
+}
+
+void AppletManager::OperationModeChanged() {
+    std::scoped_lock lk{m_lock};
+    if (m_window_system) {
+        m_window_system->OnOperationModeChanged();
+    }
+}
+
+void AppletManager::SetWindowSystem(WindowSystem* window_system) {
+    std::unique_lock lk{m_lock};
+
+    m_window_system = window_system;
+    if (!m_window_system) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    m_cv.wait(lk, [&] { return m_pending_process != nullptr; });
+
+    const auto& params = m_pending_parameters;
+    auto applet = std::make_shared<Applet>(m_system, std::move(m_pending_process),
+                                           params.applet_id == AppletId::Application);
 
-    applet->aruid = aruid;
     applet->program_id = params.program_id;
     applet->applet_id = params.applet_id;
     applet->type = params.applet_type;
@@ -322,59 +320,19 @@ void AppletManager::CreateAndInsertByFrontendAppletParameters(
     }
 
     // Applet was started by frontend, so it is foreground.
-    applet->message_queue.PushMessage(AppletMessage::ChangeIntoForeground);
-    applet->message_queue.PushMessage(AppletMessage::FocusStateChanged);
-    applet->focus_state = FocusState::InFocus;
+    applet->lifecycle_manager.SetFocusState(FocusState::InFocus);
 
-    this->InsertApplet(std::move(applet));
-}
-
-std::shared_ptr<Applet> AppletManager::GetByAppletResourceUserId(AppletResourceUserId aruid) const {
-    std::scoped_lock lk{m_lock};
-
-    if (const auto it = m_applets.find(aruid); it != m_applets.end()) {
-        return it->second;
+    if (applet->applet_id == AppletId::QLaunch) {
+        applet->lifecycle_manager.SetFocusHandlingMode(false);
+        applet->lifecycle_manager.SetOutOfFocusSuspendingEnabled(false);
+        m_window_system->TrackApplet(applet, false);
+        m_window_system->RequestHomeMenuToGetForeground();
+    } else {
+        m_window_system->TrackApplet(applet, true);
+        m_window_system->RequestApplicationToGetForeground();
     }
 
-    return {};
-}
-
-void AppletManager::Reset() {
-    std::scoped_lock lk{m_lock};
-
-    m_applets.clear();
-}
-
-void AppletManager::RequestExit() {
-    std::scoped_lock lk{m_lock};
-
-    for (const auto& [aruid, applet] : m_applets) {
-        applet->message_queue.RequestExit();
-    }
-}
-
-void AppletManager::RequestResume() {
-    std::scoped_lock lk{m_lock};
-
-    for (const auto& [aruid, applet] : m_applets) {
-        applet->message_queue.RequestResume();
-    }
-}
-
-void AppletManager::OperationModeChanged() {
-    std::scoped_lock lk{m_lock};
-
-    for (const auto& [aruid, applet] : m_applets) {
-        applet->message_queue.OperationModeChanged();
-    }
-}
-
-void AppletManager::FocusStateChanged() {
-    std::scoped_lock lk{m_lock};
-
-    for (const auto& [aruid, applet] : m_applets) {
-        applet->message_queue.FocusStateChanged();
-    }
+    applet->process->Run();
 }
 
 } // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/applet_manager.h

@@ -3,17 +3,23 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <map>
+#include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
 
-#include "core/hle/service/am/applet.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/am_types.h"
 
 namespace Core {
 class System;
 }
 
+namespace Service {
+class Process;
+}
+
 namespace Service::AM {
 
+class WindowSystem;
+
 enum class LaunchType {
     FrontendInitiated,
     ApplicationInitiated,
@@ -33,27 +39,24 @@ public:
     explicit AppletManager(Core::System& system);
     ~AppletManager();
 
-    void InsertApplet(std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet);
-    void TerminateAndRemoveApplet(AppletResourceUserId aruid);
-
-    void CreateAndInsertByFrontendAppletParameters(AppletResourceUserId aruid,
+    void CreateAndInsertByFrontendAppletParameters(std::unique_ptr<Process> process,
                                                    const FrontendAppletParameters& params);
-    std::shared_ptr<Applet> GetByAppletResourceUserId(AppletResourceUserId aruid) const;
-
-    void Reset();
-
     void RequestExit();
-    void RequestResume();
     void OperationModeChanged();
-    void FocusStateChanged();
+
+public:
+    void SetWindowSystem(WindowSystem* window_system);
 
 private:
     Core::System& m_system;
 
-    mutable std::mutex m_lock{};
-    std::map<AppletResourceUserId, std::shared_ptr<Applet>> m_applets{};
+    std::mutex m_lock;
+    std::condition_variable m_cv;
 
-    // AudioController state goes here
+    WindowSystem* m_window_system{};
+
+    FrontendAppletParameters m_pending_parameters{};
+    std::unique_ptr<Process> m_pending_process{};
 };
 
 } // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/applet_message_queue.cpp

@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
-
-#include "core/hle/service/am/applet_message_queue.h"
-#include "core/hle/service/ipc_helpers.h"
-
-namespace Service::AM {
-
-AppletMessageQueue::AppletMessageQueue(Core::System& system)
-    : service_context{system, "AppletMessageQueue"} {
-    on_new_message = service_context.CreateEvent("AMMessageQueue:OnMessageReceived");
-    on_operation_mode_changed = service_context.CreateEvent("AMMessageQueue:OperationModeChanged");
-}
-
-AppletMessageQueue::~AppletMessageQueue() {
-    service_context.CloseEvent(on_new_message);
-    service_context.CloseEvent(on_operation_mode_changed);
-}
-
-Kernel::KReadableEvent& AppletMessageQueue::GetMessageReceiveEvent() {
-    return on_new_message->GetReadableEvent();
-}
-
-Kernel::KReadableEvent& AppletMessageQueue::GetOperationModeChangedEvent() {
-    return on_operation_mode_changed->GetReadableEvent();
-}
-
-void AppletMessageQueue::PushMessage(AppletMessage msg) {
-    {
-        std::scoped_lock lk{lock};
-        messages.push(msg);
-    }
-    on_new_message->Signal();
-}
-
-AppletMessage AppletMessageQueue::PopMessage() {
-    std::scoped_lock lk{lock};
-    if (messages.empty()) {
-        on_new_message->Clear();
-        return AppletMessage::None;
-    }
-    auto msg = messages.front();
-    messages.pop();
-    if (messages.empty()) {
-        on_new_message->Clear();
-    }
-    return msg;
-}
-
-std::size_t AppletMessageQueue::GetMessageCount() const {
-    std::scoped_lock lk{lock};
-    return messages.size();
-}
-
-void AppletMessageQueue::RequestExit() {
-    PushMessage(AppletMessage::Exit);
-}
-
-void AppletMessageQueue::RequestResume() {
-    PushMessage(AppletMessage::Resume);
-}
-
-void AppletMessageQueue::FocusStateChanged() {
-    PushMessage(AppletMessage::FocusStateChanged);
-}
-
-void AppletMessageQueue::OperationModeChanged() {
-    PushMessage(AppletMessage::OperationModeChanged);
-    PushMessage(AppletMessage::PerformanceModeChanged);
-    on_operation_mode_changed->Signal();
-}
-
-} // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/applet_message_queue.h

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <queue>
-
-#include "core/hle/service/am/am_types.h"
-#include "core/hle/service/kernel_helpers.h"
-#include "core/hle/service/service.h"
-
-namespace Kernel {
-class KReadableEvent;
-} // namespace Kernel
-
-namespace Service::AM {
-
-class AppletMessageQueue {
-public:
-    explicit AppletMessageQueue(Core::System& system);
-    ~AppletMessageQueue();
-
-    Kernel::KReadableEvent& GetMessageReceiveEvent();
-    Kernel::KReadableEvent& GetOperationModeChangedEvent();
-    void PushMessage(AppletMessage msg);
-    AppletMessage PopMessage();
-    std::size_t GetMessageCount() const;
-    void RequestExit();
-    void RequestResume();
-    void FocusStateChanged();
-    void OperationModeChanged();
-
-private:
-    KernelHelpers::ServiceContext service_context;
-
-    Kernel::KEvent* on_new_message;
-    Kernel::KEvent* on_operation_mode_changed;
-
-    mutable std::mutex lock;
-    std::queue<AppletMessage> messages;
-};
-
-} // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/button_poller.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#include "core/core.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/button_poller.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/window_system.h"
+#include "hid_core/frontend/emulated_controller.h"
+#include "hid_core/hid_core.h"
+#include "hid_core/hid_types.h"
+
+namespace Service::AM {
+
+namespace {
+
+ButtonPressDuration ClassifyPressDuration(std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point start) {
+    using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+
+    const auto dur = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start;
+
+    // TODO: determine actual thresholds
+    // TODO: these are likely different for each button
+    if (dur < 500ms) {
+        return ButtonPressDuration::ShortPressing;
+    } else if (dur < 1000ms) {
+        return ButtonPressDuration::MiddlePressing;
+    } else {
+        return ButtonPressDuration::LongPressing;
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+ButtonPoller::ButtonPoller(Core::System& system, WindowSystem& window_system)
+    : m_window_system(window_system) {
+    // TODO: am reads this from the home button state in hid, which is controller-agnostic.
+    Core::HID::ControllerUpdateCallback engine_callback{
+        .on_change =
+            [this](Core::HID::ControllerTriggerType type) {
+                if (type == Core::HID::ControllerTriggerType::Button) {
+                    this->OnButtonStateChanged();
+                }
+            },
+        .is_npad_service = true,
+    };
+
+    m_handheld = system.HIDCore().GetEmulatedController(Core::HID::NpadIdType::Handheld);
+    m_handheld_key = m_handheld->SetCallback(engine_callback);
+    m_player1 = system.HIDCore().GetEmulatedController(Core::HID::NpadIdType::Player1);
+    m_player1_key = m_player1->SetCallback(engine_callback);
+}
+
+ButtonPoller::~ButtonPoller() {
+    m_handheld->DeleteCallback(m_handheld_key);
+    m_player1->DeleteCallback(m_player1_key);
+}
+
+void ButtonPoller::OnButtonStateChanged() {
+    const bool home_button =
+        m_handheld->GetHomeButtons().home.Value() || m_player1->GetHomeButtons().home.Value();
+    const bool capture_button = m_handheld->GetCaptureButtons().capture.Value() ||
+                                m_player1->GetCaptureButtons().capture.Value();
+
+    // Buttons pressed which were not previously pressed
+    if (home_button && !m_home_button_press_start) {
+        m_home_button_press_start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    }
+    if (capture_button && !m_capture_button_press_start) {
+        m_capture_button_press_start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    }
+    // if (power_button && !m_power_button_press_start) {
+    //     m_power_button_press_start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    // }
+
+    // Buttons released which were previously held
+    if (!home_button && m_home_button_press_start) {
+        m_window_system.OnHomeButtonPressed(ClassifyPressDuration(*m_home_button_press_start));
+        m_home_button_press_start = std::nullopt;
+    }
+    if (!capture_button && m_capture_button_press_start) {
+        // TODO
+        m_capture_button_press_start = std::nullopt;
+    }
+    // if (!power_button && m_power_button_press_start) {
+    //     // TODO
+    //     m_power_button_press_start = std::nullopt;
+    // }
+}
+
+} // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/button_poller.h

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <optional>
+#include "hid_core/frontend/emulated_controller.h"
+
+namespace Core {
+namespace HID {
+class EmulatedController;
+}
+
+class System;
+} // namespace Core
+
+namespace Service::AM {
+
+class WindowSystem;
+
+class ButtonPoller {
+public:
+    explicit ButtonPoller(Core::System& system, WindowSystem& window_system);
+    ~ButtonPoller();
+
+private:
+    void OnButtonStateChanged();
+
+private:
+    WindowSystem& m_window_system;
+
+    Core::HID::EmulatedController* m_handheld{};
+    int m_handheld_key{};
+    Core::HID::EmulatedController* m_player1{};
+    int m_player1_key{};
+
+    std::optional<std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point> m_home_button_press_start{};
+    std::optional<std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point> m_capture_button_press_start{};
+    std::optional<std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point> m_power_button_press_start{};
+};
+
+} // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/event_observer.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#include "core/core.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_event.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/applet.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/event_observer.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/window_system.h"
+
+namespace Service::AM {
+
+enum class UserDataTag : u32 {
+    WakeupEvent,
+    AppletProcess,
+};
+
+EventObserver::EventObserver(Core::System& system, WindowSystem& window_system)
+    : m_system(system), m_context(system, "am:EventObserver"), m_window_system(window_system),
+      m_wakeup_event(m_context), m_wakeup_holder(m_wakeup_event.GetHandle()) {
+    m_window_system.SetEventObserver(this);
+    m_wakeup_holder.SetUserData(static_cast<uintptr_t>(UserDataTag::WakeupEvent));
+    m_wakeup_holder.LinkToMultiWait(std::addressof(m_multi_wait));
+    m_thread = std::thread([&] { this->ThreadFunc(); });
+}
+
+EventObserver::~EventObserver() {
+    // Signal thread and wait for processing to finish.
+    m_stop_source.request_stop();
+    m_wakeup_event.Signal();
+    m_thread.join();
+
+    // Free remaining owned sessions.
+    auto it = m_process_holder_list.begin();
+    while (it != m_process_holder_list.end()) {
+        // Get the holder.
+        auto* const holder = std::addressof(*it);
+
+        // Remove from the list.
+        it = m_process_holder_list.erase(it);
+
+        // Free the holder.
+        delete holder;
+    }
+}
+
+void EventObserver::TrackAppletProcess(Applet& applet) {
+    // Don't observe dummy processes.
+    if (!applet.process->IsInitialized()) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Allocate new holder.
+    auto* holder = new ProcessHolder(applet, *applet.process);
+    holder->SetUserData(static_cast<uintptr_t>(UserDataTag::AppletProcess));
+
+    // Insert into list.
+    {
+        std::scoped_lock lk{m_lock};
+        m_process_holder_list.push_back(*holder);
+        holder->LinkToMultiWait(std::addressof(m_deferred_wait_list));
+    }
+
+    // Signal wakeup.
+    m_wakeup_event.Signal();
+}
+
+void EventObserver::RequestUpdate() {
+    m_wakeup_event.Signal();
+}
+
+void EventObserver::LinkDeferred() {
+    std::scoped_lock lk{m_lock};
+    m_multi_wait.MoveAll(std::addressof(m_deferred_wait_list));
+}
+
+MultiWaitHolder* EventObserver::WaitSignaled() {
+    while (true) {
+        this->LinkDeferred();
+
+        // If we're done, return before we start waiting.
+        if (m_stop_source.stop_requested()) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+
+        auto* selected = m_multi_wait.WaitAny(m_system.Kernel());
+        if (selected != std::addressof(m_wakeup_holder)) {
+            // Unlink the process.
+            selected->UnlinkFromMultiWait();
+        }
+
+        return selected;
+    }
+}
+
+void EventObserver::Process(MultiWaitHolder* holder) {
+    switch (static_cast<UserDataTag>(holder->GetUserData())) {
+    case UserDataTag::WakeupEvent:
+        this->OnWakeupEvent(holder);
+        break;
+    case UserDataTag::AppletProcess:
+        this->OnProcessEvent(static_cast<ProcessHolder*>(holder));
+        break;
+    default:
+        UNREACHABLE();
+    }
+}
+
+void EventObserver::OnWakeupEvent(MultiWaitHolder* holder) {
+    m_wakeup_event.Clear();
+
+    // Perform recalculation.
+    m_window_system.Update();
+}
+
+void EventObserver::OnProcessEvent(ProcessHolder* holder) {
+    // Check process state.
+    auto& applet = holder->GetApplet();
+    auto& process = holder->GetProcess();
+
+    {
+        std::scoped_lock lk{m_lock, applet.lock};
+        if (process.IsTerminated()) {
+            // Destroy the holder.
+            this->DestroyAppletProcessHolderLocked(holder);
+        } else {
+            // Reset signaled state.
+            process.ResetSignal();
+
+            // Relink wakeup event.
+            holder->LinkToMultiWait(std::addressof(m_deferred_wait_list));
+        }
+
+        // Set running.
+        applet.is_process_running = process.IsRunning();
+    }
+
+    // Perform recalculation.
+    m_window_system.Update();
+}
+
+void EventObserver::DestroyAppletProcessHolderLocked(ProcessHolder* holder) {
+    // Remove from owned list.
+    m_process_holder_list.erase(m_process_holder_list.iterator_to(*holder));
+
+    // Destroy and free.
+    delete holder;
+}
+
+void EventObserver::ThreadFunc() {
+    Common::SetCurrentThreadName("am:EventObserver");
+
+    while (true) {
+        auto* signaled_holder = this->WaitSignaled();
+        if (!signaled_holder) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        this->Process(signaled_holder);
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/event_observer.h

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/polyfill_thread.h"
+#include "common/thread.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/kernel_helpers.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/os/event.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/os/multi_wait.h"
+
+namespace Core {
+class System;
+}
+
+namespace Service::AM {
+
+struct Applet;
+class ProcessHolder;
+class WindowSystem;
+
+class EventObserver {
+public:
+    explicit EventObserver(Core::System& system, WindowSystem& window_system);
+    ~EventObserver();
+
+    void TrackAppletProcess(Applet& applet);
+    void RequestUpdate();
+
+private:
+    void LinkDeferred();
+    MultiWaitHolder* WaitSignaled();
+    void Process(MultiWaitHolder* holder);
+    bool WaitAndProcessImpl();
+    void LoopProcess();
+
+private:
+    void OnWakeupEvent(MultiWaitHolder* holder);
+    void OnProcessEvent(ProcessHolder* holder);
+
+private:
+    void DestroyAppletProcessHolderLocked(ProcessHolder* holder);
+
+private:
+    void ThreadFunc();
+
+private:
+    // System reference and context.
+    Core::System& m_system;
+    KernelHelpers::ServiceContext m_context;
+
+    // Window manager.
+    WindowSystem& m_window_system;
+
+    // Guest event handle to wake up the event loop processor.
+    Event m_wakeup_event;
+    MultiWaitHolder m_wakeup_holder;
+
+    // Mutex to protect remaining members.
+    std::mutex m_lock{};
+
+    // List of owned process holders.
+    Common::IntrusiveListBaseTraits<ProcessHolder>::ListType m_process_holder_list;
+
+    // Multi-wait objects for new tasks.
+    MultiWait m_multi_wait;
+    MultiWait m_deferred_wait_list;
+
+    // Processing thread.
+    std::thread m_thread{};
+    std::stop_source m_stop_source{};
+};
+
+} // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applets.cpp

@@ -69,7 +69,11 @@ void FrontendApplet::PushInteractiveOutData(std::shared_ptr<IStorage> storage) {
 }
 
 void FrontendApplet::Exit() {
-    applet.lock()->caller_applet_broker->SignalCompletion();
+    auto applet_ = applet.lock();
+
+    std::scoped_lock lk{applet_->lock};
+    applet_->is_completed = true;
+    applet_->state_changed_event.Signal();
 }
 
 FrontendAppletSet::FrontendAppletSet() = default;

src/core/hle/service/am/hid_registration.cpp

@@ -3,24 +3,28 @@
 
 #include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/hid_registration.h"
-#include "core/hle/service/am/process.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/hid/hid_server.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/os/process.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/sm/sm.h"
 #include "hid_core/resource_manager.h"
 
 namespace Service::AM {
 
 HidRegistration::HidRegistration(Core::System& system, Process& process) : m_process(process) {
-    m_hid_server = system.ServiceManager().GetService<HID::IHidServer>("hid");
+    m_hid_server = system.ServiceManager().GetService<HID::IHidServer>("hid", true);
 
     if (m_process.IsInitialized()) {
         m_hid_server->GetResourceManager()->RegisterAppletResourceUserId(m_process.GetProcessId(),
                                                                          true);
+        m_hid_server->GetResourceManager()->SetAruidValidForVibration(m_process.GetProcessId(),
+                                                                      true);
     }
 }
 
 HidRegistration::~HidRegistration() {
     if (m_process.IsInitialized()) {
+        m_hid_server->GetResourceManager()->SetAruidValidForVibration(m_process.GetProcessId(),
+                                                                      false);
         m_hid_server->GetResourceManager()->UnregisterAppletResourceUserId(
             m_process.GetProcessId());
     }
@@ -28,6 +32,8 @@ HidRegistration::~HidRegistration() {
 
 void HidRegistration::EnableAppletToGetInput(bool enable) {
     if (m_process.IsInitialized()) {
+        m_hid_server->GetResourceManager()->SetAruidValidForVibration(m_process.GetProcessId(),
+                                                                      enable);
         m_hid_server->GetResourceManager()->EnableInput(m_process.GetProcessId(), enable);
     }
 }

src/core/hle/service/am/hid_registration.h

@@ -13,9 +13,11 @@ namespace Service::HID {
 class IHidServer;
 }
 
-namespace Service::AM {
-
+namespace Service {
 class Process;
+}
+
+namespace Service::AM {
 
 class HidRegistration {
 public:

src/core/hle/service/am/lifecycle_manager.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/lifecycle_manager.h"
+
+namespace Service::AM {
+
+LifecycleManager::LifecycleManager(Core::System& system, KernelHelpers::ServiceContext& context,
+                                   bool is_application)
+    : m_system_event(context), m_operation_mode_changed_system_event(context),
+      m_is_application(is_application) {}
+
+LifecycleManager::~LifecycleManager() = default;
+
+Event& LifecycleManager::GetSystemEvent() {
+    return m_system_event;
+}
+
+Event& LifecycleManager::GetOperationModeChangedSystemEvent() {
+    return m_operation_mode_changed_system_event;
+}
+
+void LifecycleManager::PushUnorderedMessage(AppletMessage message) {
+    m_unordered_messages.push_back(message);
+    this->SignalSystemEventIfNeeded();
+}
+
+AppletMessage LifecycleManager::PopMessageInOrderOfPriority() {
+    if (m_has_resume) {
+        m_has_resume = false;
+        return AppletMessage::Resume;
+    }
+
+    if (m_has_acknowledged_exit != m_has_requested_exit) {
+        m_has_acknowledged_exit = m_has_requested_exit;
+        return AppletMessage::Exit;
+    }
+
+    if (m_focus_state_changed_notification_enabled) {
+        if (!m_is_application) {
+            if (m_requested_focus_state != m_acknowledged_focus_state) {
+                m_acknowledged_focus_state = m_requested_focus_state;
+                switch (m_requested_focus_state) {
+                case FocusState::InFocus:
+                    return AppletMessage::ChangeIntoForeground;
+                case FocusState::NotInFocus:
+                    return AppletMessage::ChangeIntoBackground;
+                default:
+                    ASSERT(false);
+                }
+            }
+        } else if (m_has_focus_state_changed) {
+            m_has_focus_state_changed = false;
+            return AppletMessage::FocusStateChanged;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (m_has_requested_request_to_prepare_sleep != m_has_acknowledged_request_to_prepare_sleep) {
+        m_has_acknowledged_request_to_prepare_sleep = true;
+        return AppletMessage::RequestToPrepareSleep;
+    }
+
+    if (m_requested_request_to_display_state != m_acknowledged_request_to_display_state) {
+        m_acknowledged_request_to_display_state = m_requested_request_to_display_state;
+        return AppletMessage::RequestToDisplay;
+    }
+
+    if (m_has_operation_mode_changed) {
+        m_has_operation_mode_changed = false;
+        return AppletMessage::OperationModeChanged;
+    }
+
+    if (m_has_performance_mode_changed) {
+        m_has_performance_mode_changed = false;
+        return AppletMessage::PerformanceModeChanged;
+    }
+
+    if (m_has_sd_card_removed) {
+        m_has_sd_card_removed = false;
+        return AppletMessage::SdCardRemoved;
+    }
+
+    if (m_has_sleep_required_by_high_temperature) {
+        m_has_sleep_required_by_high_temperature = false;
+        return AppletMessage::SleepRequiredByHighTemperature;
+    }
+
+    if (m_has_sleep_required_by_low_battery) {
+        m_has_sleep_required_by_low_battery = false;
+        return AppletMessage::SleepRequiredByLowBattery;
+    }
+
+    if (m_has_auto_power_down) {
+        m_has_auto_power_down = false;
+        return AppletMessage::AutoPowerDown;
+    }
+
+    if (m_has_album_screen_shot_taken) {
+        m_has_album_screen_shot_taken = false;
+        return AppletMessage::AlbumScreenShotTaken;
+    }
+
+    if (m_has_album_recording_saved) {
+        m_has_album_recording_saved = false;
+        return AppletMessage::AlbumRecordingSaved;
+    }
+
+    if (!m_unordered_messages.empty()) {
+        const auto message = m_unordered_messages.front();
+        m_unordered_messages.pop_front();
+        return message;
+    }
+
+    return AppletMessage::None;
+}
+
+bool LifecycleManager::ShouldSignalSystemEvent() {
+    if (m_focus_state_changed_notification_enabled) {
+        if (!m_is_application) {
+            if (m_requested_focus_state != m_acknowledged_focus_state) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        } else if (m_has_focus_state_changed) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return !m_unordered_messages.empty() || m_has_resume ||
+           (m_has_requested_exit != m_has_acknowledged_exit) ||
+           (m_has_requested_request_to_prepare_sleep !=
+            m_has_acknowledged_request_to_prepare_sleep) ||
+           m_has_operation_mode_changed || m_has_performance_mode_changed ||
+           m_has_sd_card_removed || m_has_sleep_required_by_high_temperature ||
+           m_has_sleep_required_by_low_battery || m_has_auto_power_down ||
+           (m_requested_request_to_display_state != m_acknowledged_request_to_display_state) ||
+           m_has_album_screen_shot_taken || m_has_album_recording_saved;
+}
+
+void LifecycleManager::OnOperationAndPerformanceModeChanged() {
+    if (m_operation_mode_changed_notification_enabled) {
+        m_has_operation_mode_changed = true;
+    }
+    if (m_performance_mode_changed_notification_enabled) {
+        m_has_performance_mode_changed = true;
+    }
+    m_operation_mode_changed_system_event.Signal();
+    this->SignalSystemEventIfNeeded();
+}
+
+void LifecycleManager::SignalSystemEventIfNeeded() {
+    // Check our cached value for the system event.
+    const bool applet_message_available = m_applet_message_available;
+
+    // If it's not current, we need to do an update, either clearing or signaling.
+    if (applet_message_available != this->ShouldSignalSystemEvent()) {
+        if (!applet_message_available) {
+            m_system_event.Signal();
+            m_applet_message_available = true;
+        } else {
+            m_system_event.Clear();
+            m_applet_message_available = false;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+bool LifecycleManager::PopMessage(AppletMessage* out_message) {
+    const auto message = this->PopMessageInOrderOfPriority();
+    this->SignalSystemEventIfNeeded();
+
+    *out_message = message;
+    return message != AppletMessage::None;
+}
+
+void LifecycleManager::SetFocusHandlingMode(bool suspend) {
+    switch (m_focus_handling_mode) {
+    case FocusHandlingMode::AlwaysSuspend:
+    case FocusHandlingMode::SuspendHomeSleep:
+        if (!suspend) {
+            // Disallow suspension.
+            m_focus_handling_mode = FocusHandlingMode::NoSuspend;
+        }
+        break;
+    case FocusHandlingMode::NoSuspend:
+        if (suspend) {
+            // Allow suspension temporally.
+            m_focus_handling_mode = FocusHandlingMode::SuspendHomeSleep;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+void LifecycleManager::SetOutOfFocusSuspendingEnabled(bool enabled) {
+    switch (m_focus_handling_mode) {
+    case FocusHandlingMode::AlwaysSuspend:
+        if (!enabled) {
+            // Allow suspension temporally.
+            m_focus_handling_mode = FocusHandlingMode::SuspendHomeSleep;
+        }
+        break;
+    case FocusHandlingMode::SuspendHomeSleep:
+    case FocusHandlingMode::NoSuspend:
+        if (enabled) {
+            // Allow suspension.
+            m_focus_handling_mode = FocusHandlingMode::AlwaysSuspend;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+void LifecycleManager::RemoveForceResumeIfPossible() {
+    // If resume is not forced, we have nothing to do.
+    if (m_suspend_mode != SuspendMode::ForceResume) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Check activity state.
+    // If we are already resumed, we can remove the forced state.
+    switch (m_activity_state) {
+    case ActivityState::ForegroundVisible:
+    case ActivityState::ForegroundObscured:
+        m_suspend_mode = SuspendMode::NoOverride;
+        return;
+
+    default:
+        break;
+    }
+
+    // Check focus handling mode.
+    switch (m_focus_handling_mode) {
+    case FocusHandlingMode::AlwaysSuspend:
+    case FocusHandlingMode::SuspendHomeSleep:
+        // If the applet allows suspension, we can remove the forced state.
+        m_suspend_mode = SuspendMode::NoOverride;
+        break;
+
+    case FocusHandlingMode::NoSuspend:
+        // If the applet is not an application, we can remove the forced state.
+        // Only applications can be forced to resume.
+        if (!m_is_application) {
+            m_suspend_mode = SuspendMode::NoOverride;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+bool LifecycleManager::IsRunnable() const {
+    // If suspend is forced, return that.
+    if (m_forced_suspend) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Check suspend mode override.
+    switch (m_suspend_mode) {
+    case SuspendMode::NoOverride:
+        // Continue processing.
+        break;
+
+    case SuspendMode::ForceResume:
+        // The applet is runnable during forced resumption when its exit is requested.
+        return m_has_requested_exit;
+
+    case SuspendMode::ForceSuspend:
+        // The applet is never runnable during forced suspension.
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Always run if exit is requested.
+    if (m_has_requested_exit) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    if (m_activity_state == ActivityState::ForegroundVisible) {
+        // The applet is runnable now.
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    if (m_activity_state == ActivityState::ForegroundObscured) {
+        switch (m_focus_handling_mode) {
+        case FocusHandlingMode::AlwaysSuspend:
+            // The applet is not runnable while running the applet.
+            return false;
+
+        case FocusHandlingMode::SuspendHomeSleep:
+            // The applet is runnable while running the applet.
+            return true;
+
+        case FocusHandlingMode::NoSuspend:
+            // The applet is always runnable.
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // The activity is a suspended one.
+    // The applet should be suspended unless it has disabled suspension.
+    return m_focus_handling_mode == FocusHandlingMode::NoSuspend;
+}
+
+FocusState LifecycleManager::GetFocusStateWhileForegroundObscured() const {
+    switch (m_focus_handling_mode) {
+    case FocusHandlingMode::AlwaysSuspend:
+        // The applet never learns it has lost focus.
+        return FocusState::InFocus;
+
+    case FocusHandlingMode::SuspendHomeSleep:
+        // The applet learns it has lost focus when launching a child applet.
+        return FocusState::NotInFocus;
+
+    case FocusHandlingMode::NoSuspend:
+        // The applet always learns it has lost focus.
+        return FocusState::NotInFocus;
+
+    default:
+        UNREACHABLE();
+    }
+}
+
+FocusState LifecycleManager::GetFocusStateWhileBackground(bool is_obscured) const {
+    switch (m_focus_handling_mode) {
+    case FocusHandlingMode::AlwaysSuspend:
+        // The applet never learns it has lost focus.
+        return FocusState::InFocus;
+
+    case FocusHandlingMode::SuspendHomeSleep:
+        // The applet learns it has lost focus when launching a child applet.
+        return is_obscured ? FocusState::NotInFocus : FocusState::InFocus;
+
+    case FocusHandlingMode::NoSuspend:
+        // The applet always learns it has lost focus.
+        return m_is_application ? FocusState::Background : FocusState::NotInFocus;
+
+    default:
+        UNREACHABLE();
+    }
+}
+
+bool LifecycleManager::UpdateRequestedFocusState() {
+    FocusState new_state{};
+
+    if (m_suspend_mode == SuspendMode::NoOverride) {
+        // With no forced suspend or resume, we take the focus state designated
+        // by the combination of the activity flag and the focus handling mode.
+        switch (m_activity_state) {
+        case ActivityState::ForegroundVisible:
+            new_state = FocusState::InFocus;
+            break;
+
+        case ActivityState::ForegroundObscured:
+            new_state = this->GetFocusStateWhileForegroundObscured();
+            break;
+
+        case ActivityState::BackgroundVisible:
+            new_state = this->GetFocusStateWhileBackground(false);
+            break;
+
+        case ActivityState::BackgroundObscured:
+            new_state = this->GetFocusStateWhileBackground(true);
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            UNREACHABLE();
+        }
+    } else {
+        // With forced suspend or resume, the applet is guaranteed to be background.
+        new_state = this->GetFocusStateWhileBackground(false);
+    }
+
+    if (new_state != m_requested_focus_state) {
+        // Mark the focus state as ready for update.
+        m_requested_focus_state = new_state;
+
+        // We changed the focus state.
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // We didn't change the focus state.
+    return false;
+}
+
+} // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/lifecycle_manager.h

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <list>
+
+#include "core/hle/service/am/am_types.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/os/event.h"
+
+namespace Core {
+class System;
+}
+
+namespace Service::AM {
+
+enum class ActivityState : u32 {
+    ForegroundVisible = 0,
+    ForegroundObscured = 1,
+    BackgroundVisible = 2,
+    BackgroundObscured = 3,
+};
+
+enum class FocusHandlingMode : u32 {
+    AlwaysSuspend = 0,
+    SuspendHomeSleep = 1,
+    NoSuspend = 2,
+};
+
+enum class SuspendMode : u32 {
+    NoOverride = 0,
+    ForceResume = 1,
+    ForceSuspend = 2,
+};
+
+class LifecycleManager {
+public:
+    explicit LifecycleManager(Core::System& system, KernelHelpers::ServiceContext& context,
+                              bool is_application);
+    ~LifecycleManager();
+
+public:
+    Event& GetSystemEvent();
+    Event& GetOperationModeChangedSystemEvent();
+
+public:
+    bool IsApplication() {
+        return m_is_application;
+    }
+
+    bool GetForcedSuspend() {
+        return m_forced_suspend;
+    }
+
+    bool GetExitRequested() {
+        return m_has_requested_exit;
+    }
+
+    ActivityState GetActivityState() {
+        return m_activity_state;
+    }
+
+    FocusState GetAndClearFocusState() {
+        m_acknowledged_focus_state = m_requested_focus_state;
+        return m_acknowledged_focus_state;
+    }
+
+    void SetFocusState(FocusState state) {
+        if (m_requested_focus_state != state) {
+            m_has_focus_state_changed = true;
+        }
+        m_requested_focus_state = state;
+        this->SignalSystemEventIfNeeded();
+    }
+
+    void RequestExit() {
+        m_has_requested_exit = true;
+        this->SignalSystemEventIfNeeded();
+    }
+
+    void RequestResumeNotification() {
+        // NOTE: this appears to be a bug in am.
+        // If an applet makes a concurrent request to receive resume notifications
+        // while it is being suspended, the first resume notification will be lost.
+        // This is not the case with other notification types.
+        if (m_resume_notification_enabled) {
+            m_has_resume = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    void OnOperationAndPerformanceModeChanged();
+
+public:
+    void SetFocusStateChangedNotificationEnabled(bool enabled) {
+        m_focus_state_changed_notification_enabled = enabled;
+        this->SignalSystemEventIfNeeded();
+    }
+
+    void SetOperationModeChangedNotificationEnabled(bool enabled) {
+        m_operation_mode_changed_notification_enabled = enabled;
+        this->SignalSystemEventIfNeeded();
+    }
+
+    void SetPerformanceModeChangedNotificationEnabled(bool enabled) {
+        m_performance_mode_changed_notification_enabled = enabled;
+        this->SignalSystemEventIfNeeded();
+    }
+
+    void SetResumeNotificationEnabled(bool enabled) {
+        m_resume_notification_enabled = enabled;
+    }
+
+    void SetActivityState(ActivityState state) {
+        m_activity_state = state;
+    }
+
+    void SetSuspendMode(SuspendMode mode) {
+        m_suspend_mode = mode;
+    }
+
+    void SetForcedSuspend(bool enabled) {
+        m_forced_suspend = enabled;
+    }
+
+public:
+    void SetFocusHandlingMode(bool suspend);
+    void SetOutOfFocusSuspendingEnabled(bool enabled);
+    void RemoveForceResumeIfPossible();
+    bool IsRunnable() const;
+    bool UpdateRequestedFocusState();
+    void SignalSystemEventIfNeeded();
+
+public:
+    void PushUnorderedMessage(AppletMessage message);
+    bool PopMessage(AppletMessage* out_message);
+
+private:
+    FocusState GetFocusStateWhileForegroundObscured() const;
+    FocusState GetFocusStateWhileBackground(bool is_obscured) const;
+
+private:
+    AppletMessage PopMessageInOrderOfPriority();
+    bool ShouldSignalSystemEvent();
+
+private:
+    Event m_system_event;
+    Event m_operation_mode_changed_system_event;
+
+    std::list<AppletMessage> m_unordered_messages{};
+
+    bool m_is_application{};
+    bool m_focus_state_changed_notification_enabled{true};
+    bool m_operation_mode_changed_notification_enabled{true};
+    bool m_performance_mode_changed_notification_enabled{true};
+    bool m_resume_notification_enabled{};
+
+    bool m_requested_request_to_display_state{};
+    bool m_acknowledged_request_to_display_state{};
+    bool m_has_resume{};
+    bool m_has_focus_state_changed{true};
+    bool m_has_album_recording_saved{};
+    bool m_has_album_screen_shot_taken{};
+    bool m_has_auto_power_down{};
+    bool m_has_sleep_required_by_low_battery{};
+    bool m_has_sleep_required_by_high_temperature{};
+    bool m_has_sd_card_removed{};
+    bool m_has_performance_mode_changed{};
+    bool m_has_operation_mode_changed{};
+    bool m_has_requested_request_to_prepare_sleep{};
+    bool m_has_acknowledged_request_to_prepare_sleep{};
+    bool m_has_requested_exit{};
+    bool m_has_acknowledged_exit{};
+    bool m_applet_message_available{};
+
+    bool m_forced_suspend{};
+    FocusHandlingMode m_focus_handling_mode{FocusHandlingMode::SuspendHomeSleep};
+    ActivityState m_activity_state{ActivityState::ForegroundVisible};
+    SuspendMode m_suspend_mode{SuspendMode::NoOverride};
+    FocusState m_requested_focus_state{};
+    FocusState m_acknowledged_focus_state{};
+};
+
+} // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/process_creation.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#include "core/core.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/content_archive.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/nca_metadata.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/patch_manager.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/registered_cache.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/romfs_factory.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/process_creation.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/glue/glue_manager.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/os/process.h"
+#include "core/loader/loader.h"
+
+namespace Service::AM {
+
+namespace {
+
+FileSys::StorageId GetStorageIdForFrontendSlot(
+    std::optional<FileSys::ContentProviderUnionSlot> slot) {
+    if (!slot.has_value()) {
+        return FileSys::StorageId::None;
+    }
+
+    switch (*slot) {
+    case FileSys::ContentProviderUnionSlot::UserNAND:
+        return FileSys::StorageId::NandUser;
+    case FileSys::ContentProviderUnionSlot::SysNAND:
+        return FileSys::StorageId::NandSystem;
+    case FileSys::ContentProviderUnionSlot::SDMC:
+        return FileSys::StorageId::SdCard;
+    case FileSys::ContentProviderUnionSlot::FrontendManual:
+        return FileSys::StorageId::Host;
+    default:
+        return FileSys::StorageId::None;
+    }
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<Process> CreateProcessImpl(std::unique_ptr<Loader::AppLoader>& out_loader,
+                                           Loader::ResultStatus& out_load_result,
+                                           Core::System& system, FileSys::VirtualFile file,
+                                           u64 program_id, u64 program_index) {
+    // Get the appropriate loader to parse this NCA.
+    out_loader = Loader::GetLoader(system, file, program_id, program_index);
+
+    // Ensure we have a loader which can parse the NCA.
+    if (!out_loader) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // Try to load the process.
+    auto process = std::make_unique<Process>(system);
+    if (process->Initialize(*out_loader, out_load_result)) {
+        return process;
+    }
+
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+} // Anonymous namespace
+
+std::unique_ptr<Process> CreateProcess(Core::System& system, u64 program_id,
+                                       u8 minimum_key_generation, u8 maximum_key_generation) {
+    // Attempt to load program NCA.
+    FileSys::VirtualFile nca_raw{};
+
+    // Get the program NCA from storage.
+    auto& storage = system.GetContentProviderUnion();
+    nca_raw = storage.GetEntryRaw(program_id, FileSys::ContentRecordType::Program);
+
+    // Ensure we retrieved a program NCA.
+    if (!nca_raw) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // Ensure we have a suitable version.
+    if (minimum_key_generation > 0) {
+        FileSys::NCA nca(nca_raw);
+        if (nca.GetStatus() == Loader::ResultStatus::Success &&
+            (nca.GetKeyGeneration() < minimum_key_generation ||
+             nca.GetKeyGeneration() > maximum_key_generation)) {
+            LOG_WARNING(Service_LDR, "Skipping program {:016X} with generation {}", program_id,
+                        nca.GetKeyGeneration());
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<Loader::AppLoader> loader;
+    Loader::ResultStatus status;
+    return CreateProcessImpl(loader, status, system, nca_raw, program_id, 0);
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<Process> CreateApplicationProcess(std::vector<u8>& out_control,
+                                                  std::unique_ptr<Loader::AppLoader>& out_loader,
+                                                  Loader::ResultStatus& out_load_result,
+                                                  Core::System& system, FileSys::VirtualFile file,
+                                                  u64 program_id, u64 program_index) {
+    auto process =
+        CreateProcessImpl(out_loader, out_load_result, system, file, program_id, program_index);
+    if (!process) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    FileSys::NACP nacp;
+    if (out_loader->ReadControlData(nacp) == Loader::ResultStatus::Success) {
+        out_control = nacp.GetRawBytes();
+    } else {
+        out_control.resize(sizeof(FileSys::RawNACP));
+    }
+
+    auto& storage = system.GetContentProviderUnion();
+    Service::Glue::ApplicationLaunchProperty launch{};
+    launch.title_id = process->GetProgramId();
+
+    FileSys::PatchManager pm{launch.title_id, system.GetFileSystemController(), storage};
+    launch.version = pm.GetGameVersion().value_or(0);
+
+    // TODO(DarkLordZach): When FSController/Game Card Support is added, if
+    // current_process_game_card use correct StorageId
+    launch.base_game_storage_id = GetStorageIdForFrontendSlot(
+        storage.GetSlotForEntry(launch.title_id, FileSys::ContentRecordType::Program));
+    launch.update_storage_id = GetStorageIdForFrontendSlot(storage.GetSlotForEntry(
+        FileSys::GetUpdateTitleID(launch.title_id), FileSys::ContentRecordType::Program));
+
+    system.GetARPManager().Register(launch.title_id, launch, out_control);
+
+    return process;
+}
+
+} // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/process_creation.h

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/vfs/vfs_types.h"
+
+namespace Core {
+class System;
+}
+
+namespace Loader {
+class AppLoader;
+enum class ResultStatus : u16;
+} // namespace Loader
+
+namespace Service {
+class Process;
+}
+
+namespace Service::AM {
+
+std::unique_ptr<Process> CreateProcess(Core::System& system, u64 program_id,
+                                       u8 minimum_key_generation, u8 maximum_key_generation);
+std::unique_ptr<Process> CreateApplicationProcess(std::vector<u8>& out_control,
+                                                  std::unique_ptr<Loader::AppLoader>& out_loader,
+                                                  Loader::ResultStatus& out_load_result,
+                                                  Core::System& system, FileSys::VirtualFile file,
+                                                  u64 program_id, u64 program_index);
+
+} // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/process_holder.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_process.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/process_holder.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/os/process.h"
+
+namespace Service::AM {
+
+ProcessHolder::ProcessHolder(Applet& applet, Process& process)
+    : MultiWaitHolder(process.GetHandle()), m_applet(applet), m_process(process) {}
+
+ProcessHolder::~ProcessHolder() = default;
+
+} // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/process_holder.h

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "core/hle/service/os/multi_wait_holder.h"
+
+namespace Service {
+class Process;
+}
+
+namespace Service::AM {
+
+struct Applet;
+
+class ProcessHolder : public MultiWaitHolder, public Common::IntrusiveListBaseNode<ProcessHolder> {
+public:
+    explicit ProcessHolder(Applet& applet, Process& process);
+    ~ProcessHolder();
+
+    Applet& GetApplet() const {
+        return m_applet;
+    }
+
+    Process& GetProcess() const {
+        return m_process;
+    }
+
+private:
+    Applet& m_applet;
+    Process& m_process;
+};
+
+} // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/service/all_system_applet_proxies_service.cpp

@@ -6,12 +6,14 @@
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/all_system_applet_proxies_service.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/library_applet_proxy.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/system_applet_proxy.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/window_system.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/cmif_serialization.h"
 
 namespace Service::AM {
 
-IAllSystemAppletProxiesService::IAllSystemAppletProxiesService(Core::System& system_)
-    : ServiceFramework{system_, "appletAE"} {
+IAllSystemAppletProxiesService::IAllSystemAppletProxiesService(Core::System& system_,
+                                                               WindowSystem& window_system)
+    : ServiceFramework{system_, "appletAE"}, m_window_system{window_system} {
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
         {100, D<&IAllSystemAppletProxiesService::OpenSystemAppletProxy>, "OpenSystemAppletProxy"},
@@ -36,8 +38,8 @@ Result IAllSystemAppletProxiesService::OpenSystemAppletProxy(
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called");
 
     if (const auto applet = this->GetAppletFromProcessId(pid); applet) {
-        *out_system_applet_proxy =
-            std::make_shared<ISystemAppletProxy>(system, applet, process_handle.Get());
+        *out_system_applet_proxy = std::make_shared<ISystemAppletProxy>(
+            system, applet, process_handle.Get(), m_window_system);
         R_SUCCEED();
     } else {
         UNIMPLEMENTED();
@@ -52,8 +54,8 @@ Result IAllSystemAppletProxiesService::OpenLibraryAppletProxy(
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called");
 
     if (const auto applet = this->GetAppletFromProcessId(pid); applet) {
-        *out_library_applet_proxy =
-            std::make_shared<ILibraryAppletProxy>(system, applet, process_handle.Get());
+        *out_library_applet_proxy = std::make_shared<ILibraryAppletProxy>(
+            system, applet, process_handle.Get(), m_window_system);
         R_SUCCEED();
     } else {
         UNIMPLEMENTED();
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ Result IAllSystemAppletProxiesService::OpenLibraryAppletProxyOld(
 
 std::shared_ptr<Applet> IAllSystemAppletProxiesService::GetAppletFromProcessId(
     ProcessId process_id) {
-    return system.GetAppletManager().GetByAppletResourceUserId(process_id.pid);
+    return m_window_system.GetByAppletResourceUserId(process_id.pid);
 }
 
 } // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/service/all_system_applet_proxies_service.h

@@ -14,11 +14,12 @@ struct Applet;
 struct AppletAttribute;
 class ILibraryAppletProxy;
 class ISystemAppletProxy;
+class WindowSystem;
 
 class IAllSystemAppletProxiesService final
     : public ServiceFramework<IAllSystemAppletProxiesService> {
 public:
-    explicit IAllSystemAppletProxiesService(Core::System& system_);
+    explicit IAllSystemAppletProxiesService(Core::System& system_, WindowSystem& window_system);
     ~IAllSystemAppletProxiesService() override;
 
 private:
@@ -35,6 +36,8 @@ private:
 
 private:
     std::shared_ptr<Applet> GetAppletFromProcessId(ProcessId pid);
+
+    WindowSystem& m_window_system;
 };
 
 } // namespace AM

src/core/hle/service/am/service/applet_common_functions.cpp

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ IAppletCommonFunctions::IAppletCommonFunctions(Core::System& system_,
         {21, nullptr, "TryPopFromAppletBoundChannel"},
         {40, nullptr, "GetDisplayLogicalResolution"},
         {42, nullptr, "SetDisplayMagnification"},
-        {50, nullptr, "SetHomeButtonDoubleClickEnabled"},
+        {50, D<&IAppletCommonFunctions::SetHomeButtonDoubleClickEnabled>, "SetHomeButtonDoubleClickEnabled"},
         {51, D<&IAppletCommonFunctions::GetHomeButtonDoubleClickEnabled>, "GetHomeButtonDoubleClickEnabled"},
         {52, nullptr, "IsHomeButtonShortPressedBlocked"},
         {60, nullptr, "IsVrModeCurtainRequired"},
@@ -40,6 +40,13 @@ IAppletCommonFunctions::IAppletCommonFunctions(Core::System& system_,
 
 IAppletCommonFunctions::~IAppletCommonFunctions() = default;
 
+Result IAppletCommonFunctions::SetHomeButtonDoubleClickEnabled(
+    bool home_button_double_click_enabled) {
+    LOG_WARNING(Service_AM, "(STUBBED) called, home_button_double_click_enabled={}",
+                home_button_double_click_enabled);
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
+
 Result IAppletCommonFunctions::GetHomeButtonDoubleClickEnabled(
     Out<bool> out_home_button_double_click_enabled) {
     LOG_WARNING(Service_AM, "(STUBBED) called");

src/core/hle/service/am/service/applet_common_functions.h

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ public:
     ~IAppletCommonFunctions() override;
 
 private:
+    Result SetHomeButtonDoubleClickEnabled(bool home_button_double_click_enabled);
     Result GetHomeButtonDoubleClickEnabled(Out<bool> out_home_button_double_click_enabled);
     Result SetCpuBoostRequestPriority(s32 priority);
     Result GetCurrentApplicationId(Out<u64> out_application_id);

src/core/hle/service/am/service/application_accessor.cpp

@@ -9,12 +9,16 @@
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/application_accessor.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/library_applet_accessor.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/storage.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/window_system.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/cmif_serialization.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/glue/glue_manager.h"
 
 namespace Service::AM {
 
-IApplicationAccessor::IApplicationAccessor(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet)
-    : ServiceFramework{system_, "IApplicationAccessor"}, m_applet(std::move(applet)) {
+IApplicationAccessor::IApplicationAccessor(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet,
+                                           WindowSystem& window_system)
+    : ServiceFramework{system_, "IApplicationAccessor"}, m_window_system(window_system),
+      m_applet(std::move(applet)) {
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
         {0, D<&IApplicationAccessor::GetAppletStateChangedEvent>, "GetAppletStateChangedEvent"},
@@ -59,7 +63,15 @@ Result IApplicationAccessor::Start() {
 
 Result IApplicationAccessor::RequestExit() {
     LOG_INFO(Service_AM, "called");
-    m_applet->message_queue.RequestExit();
+
+    std::scoped_lock lk{m_applet->lock};
+    if (m_applet->exit_locked) {
+        m_applet->lifecycle_manager.RequestExit();
+        m_applet->UpdateSuspensionStateLocked(true);
+    } else {
+        m_applet->process->Terminate();
+    }
+
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
@@ -71,13 +83,14 @@ Result IApplicationAccessor::Terminate() {
 
 Result IApplicationAccessor::GetResult() {
     LOG_INFO(Service_AM, "called");
-    R_SUCCEED();
+    std::scoped_lock lk{m_applet->lock};
+    R_RETURN(m_applet->terminate_result);
 }
 
 Result IApplicationAccessor::GetAppletStateChangedEvent(
     OutCopyHandle<Kernel::KReadableEvent> out_event) {
     LOG_INFO(Service_AM, "called");
-    *out_event = m_applet->caller_applet_broker->GetStateChangedEvent().GetHandle();
+    *out_event = m_applet->state_changed_event.GetHandle();
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
@@ -96,8 +109,15 @@ Result IApplicationAccessor::PushLaunchParameter(LaunchParameterKind kind,
 
 Result IApplicationAccessor::GetApplicationControlProperty(
     OutBuffer<BufferAttr_HipcMapAlias> out_control_property) {
-    LOG_WARNING(Service_AM, "(STUBBED) called");
-    R_THROW(ResultUnknown);
+    LOG_INFO(Service_AM, "called");
+
+    std::vector<u8> nacp;
+    R_TRY(system.GetARPManager().GetControlProperty(&nacp, m_applet->program_id));
+
+    std::memcpy(out_control_property.data(), nacp.data(),
+                std::min(out_control_property.size(), nacp.size()));
+
+    R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
 Result IApplicationAccessor::SetUsers(bool enable,
@@ -114,8 +134,9 @@ Result IApplicationAccessor::GetCurrentLibraryApplet(
 }
 
 Result IApplicationAccessor::RequestForApplicationToGetForeground() {
-    LOG_WARNING(Service_AM, "(STUBBED) called");
-    R_THROW(ResultUnknown);
+    LOG_INFO(Service_AM, "called");
+    m_window_system.RequestApplicationToGetForeground();
+    R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
 Result IApplicationAccessor::CheckRightsEnvironmentAvailable(Out<bool> out_is_available) {

src/core/hle/service/am/service/application_accessor.h

@@ -13,10 +13,12 @@ namespace Service::AM {
 struct Applet;
 class ILibraryAppletAccessor;
 class IStorage;
+class WindowSystem;
 
 class IApplicationAccessor final : public ServiceFramework<IApplicationAccessor> {
 public:
-    explicit IApplicationAccessor(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet);
+    explicit IApplicationAccessor(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet,
+                                  WindowSystem& window_system);
     ~IApplicationAccessor() override;
 
 private:
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@ private:
     Result GetNsRightsEnvironmentHandle(Out<u64> out_handle);
     Result ReportApplicationExitTimeout();
 
+    WindowSystem& m_window_system;
     const std::shared_ptr<Applet> m_applet;
 };
 

src/core/hle/service/am/service/application_creator.cpp

@@ -1,17 +1,57 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
+#include "core/file_sys/nca_metadata.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/registered_cache.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/am_types.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/applet.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/applet_manager.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/process_creation.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/application_accessor.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/application_creator.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/window_system.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/cmif_serialization.h"
+#include "core/loader/loader.h"
 
 namespace Service::AM {
 
-IApplicationCreator::IApplicationCreator(Core::System& system_)
-    : ServiceFramework{system_, "IApplicationCreator"} {
+namespace {
+
+Result CreateGuestApplication(SharedPointer<IApplicationAccessor>* out_application_accessor,
+                              Core::System& system, WindowSystem& window_system, u64 program_id) {
+    FileSys::VirtualFile nca_raw{};
+
+    // Get the program NCA from storage.
+    auto& storage = system.GetContentProviderUnion();
+    nca_raw = storage.GetEntryRaw(program_id, FileSys::ContentRecordType::Program);
+
+    // Ensure we retrieved a program NCA.
+    R_UNLESS(nca_raw != nullptr, ResultUnknown);
+
+    std::vector<u8> control;
+    std::unique_ptr<Loader::AppLoader> loader;
+    Loader::ResultStatus result;
+    auto process =
+        CreateApplicationProcess(control, loader, result, system, nca_raw, program_id, 0);
+    R_UNLESS(process != nullptr, ResultUnknown);
+
+    const auto applet = std::make_shared<Applet>(system, std::move(process), true);
+    applet->program_id = program_id;
+    applet->applet_id = AppletId::Application;
+    applet->type = AppletType::Application;
+    applet->library_applet_mode = LibraryAppletMode::AllForeground;
+
+    window_system.TrackApplet(applet, true);
+
+    *out_application_accessor =
+        std::make_shared<IApplicationAccessor>(system, applet, window_system);
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+IApplicationCreator::IApplicationCreator(Core::System& system_, WindowSystem& window_system)
+    : ServiceFramework{system_, "IApplicationCreator"}, m_window_system{window_system} {
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
         {0, D<&IApplicationCreator::CreateApplication>, "CreateApplication"},
@@ -28,8 +68,9 @@ IApplicationCreator::~IApplicationCreator() = default;
 
 Result IApplicationCreator::CreateApplication(
     Out<SharedPointer<IApplicationAccessor>> out_application_accessor, u64 application_id) {
-    LOG_ERROR(Service_NS, "called, application_id={:x}", application_id);
-    R_THROW(ResultUnknown);
+    LOG_INFO(Service_NS, "called, application_id={:016X}", application_id);
+    R_RETURN(
+        CreateGuestApplication(out_application_accessor, system, m_window_system, application_id));
 }
 
 } // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/service/application_creator.h

@@ -10,14 +10,17 @@ namespace Service::AM {
 
 class IApplicationAccessor;
 struct Applet;
+class WindowSystem;
 
 class IApplicationCreator final : public ServiceFramework<IApplicationCreator> {
 public:
-    explicit IApplicationCreator(Core::System& system_);
+    explicit IApplicationCreator(Core::System& system_, WindowSystem& window_system);
     ~IApplicationCreator() override;
 
 private:
     Result CreateApplication(Out<SharedPointer<IApplicationAccessor>>, u64 application_id);
+
+    WindowSystem& m_window_system;
 };
 
 } // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/service/application_functions.cpp

@@ -123,13 +123,13 @@ Result IApplicationFunctions::EnsureSaveData(Out<u64> out_size, Common::UUID use
     LOG_INFO(Service_AM, "called, uid={}", user_id.FormattedString());
 
     FileSys::SaveDataAttribute attribute{};
-    attribute.title_id = m_applet->program_id;
+    attribute.program_id = m_applet->program_id;
     attribute.user_id = user_id.AsU128();
-    attribute.type = FileSys::SaveDataType::SaveData;
+    attribute.type = FileSys::SaveDataType::Account;
 
     FileSys::VirtualDir save_data{};
     R_TRY(system.GetFileSystemController().OpenSaveDataController()->CreateSaveData(
-        &save_data, FileSys::SaveDataSpaceId::NandUser, attribute));
+        &save_data, FileSys::SaveDataSpaceId::User, attribute));
 
     *out_size = 0;
     R_SUCCEED();
@@ -181,7 +181,8 @@ Result IApplicationFunctions::GetDesiredLanguage(Out<u64> out_language_code) {
 }
 
 Result IApplicationFunctions::SetTerminateResult(Result terminate_result) {
-    LOG_INFO(Service_AM, "(STUBBED) called, result={:#x} ({}-{})", terminate_result.GetInnerValue(),
+    LOG_INFO(Service_AM, "(STUBBED) called, result={:#x} ({:04}-{:04})",
+             terminate_result.GetInnerValue(),
              static_cast<u32>(terminate_result.GetModule()) + 2000,
              terminate_result.GetDescription());
 

src/core/hle/service/am/service/application_proxy.cpp

@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@
 namespace Service::AM {
 
 IApplicationProxy::IApplicationProxy(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet,
-                                     Kernel::KProcess* process)
-    : ServiceFramework{system_, "IApplicationProxy"}, m_process{process}, m_applet{
-                                                                              std::move(applet)} {
+                                     Kernel::KProcess* process, WindowSystem& window_system)
+    : ServiceFramework{system_, "IApplicationProxy"},
+      m_window_system{window_system}, m_process{process}, m_applet{std::move(applet)} {
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
         {0, D<&IApplicationProxy::GetCommonStateGetter>, "GetCommonStateGetter"},
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ Result IApplicationProxy::GetDebugFunctions(
 Result IApplicationProxy::GetWindowController(
     Out<SharedPointer<IWindowController>> out_window_controller) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called");
-    *out_window_controller = std::make_shared<IWindowController>(system, m_applet);
+    *out_window_controller = std::make_shared<IWindowController>(system, m_applet, m_window_system);
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
@@ -91,7 +91,8 @@ Result IApplicationProxy::GetCommonStateGetter(
 Result IApplicationProxy::GetLibraryAppletCreator(
     Out<SharedPointer<ILibraryAppletCreator>> out_library_applet_creator) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called");
-    *out_library_applet_creator = std::make_shared<ILibraryAppletCreator>(system, m_applet);
+    *out_library_applet_creator =
+        std::make_shared<ILibraryAppletCreator>(system, m_applet, m_window_system);
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 

src/core/hle/service/am/service/application_proxy.h

@@ -18,11 +18,12 @@ class ILibraryAppletCreator;
 class IProcessWindingController;
 class ISelfController;
 class IWindowController;
+class WindowSystem;
 
 class IApplicationProxy final : public ServiceFramework<IApplicationProxy> {
 public:
     explicit IApplicationProxy(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet,
-                               Kernel::KProcess* process);
+                               Kernel::KProcess* process, WindowSystem& window_system);
     ~IApplicationProxy();
 
 private:
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ private:
         Out<SharedPointer<IApplicationFunctions>> out_application_functions);
 
 private:
+    WindowSystem& m_window_system;
     Kernel::KProcess* const m_process;
     const std::shared_ptr<Applet> m_applet;
 };

src/core/hle/service/am/service/application_proxy_service.cpp

@@ -6,12 +6,14 @@
 #include "core/hle/service/am/applet_manager.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/application_proxy.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/application_proxy_service.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/window_system.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/cmif_serialization.h"
 
 namespace Service::AM {
 
-IApplicationProxyService::IApplicationProxyService(Core::System& system_)
-    : ServiceFramework{system_, "appletOE"} {
+IApplicationProxyService::IApplicationProxyService(Core::System& system_,
+                                                   WindowSystem& window_system)
+    : ServiceFramework{system_, "appletOE"}, m_window_system{window_system} {
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
         {0, D<&IApplicationProxyService::OpenApplicationProxy>, "OpenApplicationProxy"},
     };
@@ -26,8 +28,8 @@ Result IApplicationProxyService::OpenApplicationProxy(
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called");
 
     if (const auto applet = this->GetAppletFromProcessId(pid)) {
-        *out_application_proxy =
-            std::make_shared<IApplicationProxy>(system, applet, process_handle.Get());
+        *out_application_proxy = std::make_shared<IApplicationProxy>(
+            system, applet, process_handle.Get(), m_window_system);
         R_SUCCEED();
     } else {
         UNIMPLEMENTED();
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ Result IApplicationProxyService::OpenApplicationProxy(
 }
 
 std::shared_ptr<Applet> IApplicationProxyService::GetAppletFromProcessId(ProcessId process_id) {
-    return system.GetAppletManager().GetByAppletResourceUserId(process_id.pid);
+    return m_window_system.GetByAppletResourceUserId(process_id.pid);
 }
 
 } // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/service/application_proxy_service.h

@@ -12,10 +12,11 @@ namespace AM {
 
 struct Applet;
 class IApplicationProxy;
+class WindowSystem;
 
 class IApplicationProxyService final : public ServiceFramework<IApplicationProxyService> {
 public:
-    explicit IApplicationProxyService(Core::System& system_);
+    explicit IApplicationProxyService(Core::System& system_, WindowSystem& window_system);
     ~IApplicationProxyService() override;
 
 private:
@@ -24,6 +25,8 @@ private:
 
 private:
     std::shared_ptr<Applet> GetAppletFromProcessId(ProcessId pid);
+
+    WindowSystem& m_window_system;
 };
 
 } // namespace AM

src/core/hle/service/am/service/common_state_getter.cpp

@@ -80,15 +80,14 @@ ICommonStateGetter::~ICommonStateGetter() = default;
 
 Result ICommonStateGetter::GetEventHandle(OutCopyHandle<Kernel::KReadableEvent> out_event) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called");
-    *out_event = &m_applet->message_queue.GetMessageReceiveEvent();
+    *out_event = m_applet->lifecycle_manager.GetSystemEvent().GetHandle();
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
 Result ICommonStateGetter::ReceiveMessage(Out<AppletMessage> out_applet_message) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called");
 
-    *out_applet_message = m_applet->message_queue.PopMessage();
-    if (*out_applet_message == AppletMessage::None) {
+    if (!m_applet->lifecycle_manager.PopMessage(out_applet_message)) {
         LOG_ERROR(Service_AM, "Tried to pop message but none was available!");
         R_THROW(AM::ResultNoMessages);
     }
@@ -100,7 +99,7 @@ Result ICommonStateGetter::GetCurrentFocusState(Out<FocusState> out_focus_state)
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called");
 
     std::scoped_lock lk{m_applet->lock};
-    *out_focus_state = m_applet->focus_state;
+    *out_focus_state = m_applet->lifecycle_manager.GetAndClearFocusState();
 
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
@@ -137,7 +136,7 @@ Result ICommonStateGetter::GetWriterLockAccessorEx(
 Result ICommonStateGetter::GetDefaultDisplayResolutionChangeEvent(
     OutCopyHandle<Kernel::KReadableEvent> out_event) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called");
-    *out_event = &m_applet->message_queue.GetOperationModeChangedEvent();
+    *out_event = m_applet->lifecycle_manager.GetOperationModeChangedSystemEvent().GetHandle();
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
@@ -260,9 +259,9 @@ Result ICommonStateGetter::GetAppletLaunchedHistory(
 }
 
 Result ICommonStateGetter::GetSettingsPlatformRegion(
-    Out<SysPlatformRegion> out_settings_platform_region) {
+    Out<Set::PlatformRegion> out_settings_platform_region) {
     LOG_INFO(Service_AM, "called");
-    *out_settings_platform_region = SysPlatformRegion::Global;
+    *out_settings_platform_region = Set::PlatformRegion::Global;
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 

src/core/hle/service/am/service/common_state_getter.h

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "core/hle/service/cmif_types.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/pm/pm.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/service.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/set/settings_types.h"
 
 namespace Kernel {
 class KReadableEvent;
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ private:
     Result GetOperationModeSystemInfo(Out<u32> out_operation_mode_system_info);
     Result GetAppletLaunchedHistory(Out<s32> out_count,
                                     OutArray<AppletId, BufferAttr_HipcMapAlias> out_applet_ids);
-    Result GetSettingsPlatformRegion(Out<SysPlatformRegion> out_settings_platform_region);
+    Result GetSettingsPlatformRegion(Out<Set::PlatformRegion> out_settings_platform_region);
     Result SetRequestExitToLibraryAppletAtExecuteNextProgramEnabled();
 
     void SetCpuBoostMode(HLERequestContext& ctx);

src/core/hle/service/am/service/home_menu_functions.cpp

@@ -4,13 +4,16 @@
 #include "core/hle/result.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/applet_manager.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/home_menu_functions.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/window_system.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/cmif_serialization.h"
 
 namespace Service::AM {
 
-IHomeMenuFunctions::IHomeMenuFunctions(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet)
-    : ServiceFramework{system_, "IHomeMenuFunctions"}, m_applet{std::move(applet)},
-      m_context{system, "IHomeMenuFunctions"}, m_pop_from_general_channel_event{m_context} {
+IHomeMenuFunctions::IHomeMenuFunctions(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet,
+                                       WindowSystem& window_system)
+    : ServiceFramework{system_, "IHomeMenuFunctions"}, m_window_system{window_system},
+      m_applet{std::move(applet)}, m_context{system, "IHomeMenuFunctions"},
+      m_pop_from_general_channel_event{m_context} {
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
         {10, D<&IHomeMenuFunctions::RequestToGetForeground>, "RequestToGetForeground"},
@@ -37,17 +40,20 @@ IHomeMenuFunctions::IHomeMenuFunctions(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Ap
 IHomeMenuFunctions::~IHomeMenuFunctions() = default;
 
 Result IHomeMenuFunctions::RequestToGetForeground() {
-    LOG_WARNING(Service_AM, "(STUBBED) called");
+    LOG_INFO(Service_AM, "called");
+    m_window_system.RequestHomeMenuToGetForeground();
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
 Result IHomeMenuFunctions::LockForeground() {
-    LOG_WARNING(Service_AM, "(STUBBED) called");
+    LOG_INFO(Service_AM, "called");
+    m_window_system.RequestLockHomeMenuIntoForeground();
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
 Result IHomeMenuFunctions::UnlockForeground() {
-    LOG_WARNING(Service_AM, "(STUBBED) called");
+    LOG_INFO(Service_AM, "called");
+    m_window_system.RequestUnlockHomeMenuIntoForeground();
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 

src/core/hle/service/am/service/home_menu_functions.h

@@ -11,10 +11,12 @@
 namespace Service::AM {
 
 struct Applet;
+class WindowSystem;
 
 class IHomeMenuFunctions final : public ServiceFramework<IHomeMenuFunctions> {
 public:
-    explicit IHomeMenuFunctions(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet);
+    explicit IHomeMenuFunctions(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet,
+                                WindowSystem& window_system);
     ~IHomeMenuFunctions() override;
 
 private:
@@ -26,6 +28,7 @@ private:
     Result IsForceTerminateApplicationDisabledForDebug(
         Out<bool> out_is_force_terminate_application_disabled_for_debug);
 
+    WindowSystem& m_window_system;
     const std::shared_ptr<Applet> m_applet;
     KernelHelpers::ServiceContext m_context;
     Event m_pop_from_general_channel_event;

src/core/hle/service/am/service/library_applet_accessor.cpp

@@ -47,20 +47,21 @@ ILibraryAppletAccessor::~ILibraryAppletAccessor() = default;
 Result ILibraryAppletAccessor::GetAppletStateChangedEvent(
     OutCopyHandle<Kernel::KReadableEvent> out_event) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called");
-    *out_event = m_broker->GetStateChangedEvent().GetHandle();
+    *out_event = m_applet->state_changed_event.GetHandle();
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
 Result ILibraryAppletAccessor::IsCompleted(Out<bool> out_is_completed) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called");
-    *out_is_completed = m_broker->IsCompleted();
+    std::scoped_lock lk{m_applet->lock};
+    *out_is_completed = m_applet->is_completed;
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-Result ILibraryAppletAccessor::GetResult(Out<Result> out_result) {
+Result ILibraryAppletAccessor::GetResult() {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called");
-    *out_result = m_applet->terminate_result;
-    R_SUCCEED();
+    std::scoped_lock lk{m_applet->lock};
+    R_RETURN(m_applet->terminate_result);
 }
 
 Result ILibraryAppletAccessor::PresetLibraryAppletGpuTimeSliceZero() {
@@ -77,7 +78,10 @@ Result ILibraryAppletAccessor::Start() {
 
 Result ILibraryAppletAccessor::RequestExit() {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called");
-    m_applet->message_queue.RequestExit();
+    {
+        std::scoped_lock lk{m_applet->lock};
+        m_applet->lifecycle_manager.RequestExit();
+    }
     FrontendRequestExit();
     R_SUCCEED();
 }

src/core/hle/service/am/service/library_applet_accessor.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ public:
 private:
     Result GetAppletStateChangedEvent(OutCopyHandle<Kernel::KReadableEvent> out_event);
     Result IsCompleted(Out<bool> out_is_completed);
-    Result GetResult(Out<Result> out_result);
+    Result GetResult();
     Result PresetLibraryAppletGpuTimeSliceZero();
     Result Start();
     Result RequestExit();

src/core/hle/service/am/service/library_applet_creator.cpp

@@ -7,9 +7,11 @@
 #include "core/hle/service/am/applet_manager.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/frontend/applets.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/library_applet_storage.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/process_creation.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/library_applet_accessor.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/library_applet_creator.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/service/storage.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/am/window_system.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/cmif_serialization.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/sm/sm.h"
 
@@ -93,6 +95,7 @@ AppletProgramId AppletIdToProgramId(AppletId applet_id) {
 }
 
 std::shared_ptr<ILibraryAppletAccessor> CreateGuestApplet(Core::System& system,
+                                                          WindowSystem& window_system,
                                                           std::shared_ptr<Applet> caller_applet,
                                                           AppletId applet_id,
                                                           LibraryAppletMode mode) {
@@ -110,53 +113,38 @@ std::shared_ptr<ILibraryAppletAccessor> CreateGuestApplet(Core::System& system,
         Firmware1700 = 17,
     };
 
-    auto process = std::make_unique<Process>(system);
-    if (!process->Initialize(program_id, Firmware1400, Firmware1700)) {
+    auto process = CreateProcess(system, program_id, Firmware1400, Firmware1700);
+    if (!process) {
         // Couldn't initialize the guest process
         return {};
     }
 
-    const auto applet = std::make_shared<Applet>(system, std::move(process));
+    const auto applet = std::make_shared<Applet>(system, std::move(process), false);
     applet->program_id = program_id;
     applet->applet_id = applet_id;
     applet->type = AppletType::LibraryApplet;
     applet->library_applet_mode = mode;
-
-    // Set focus state
-    switch (mode) {
-    case LibraryAppletMode::AllForeground:
-    case LibraryAppletMode::NoUi:
-    case LibraryAppletMode::PartialForeground:
-    case LibraryAppletMode::PartialForegroundIndirectDisplay:
-        applet->hid_registration.EnableAppletToGetInput(true);
-        applet->focus_state = FocusState::InFocus;
-        applet->message_queue.PushMessage(AppletMessage::ChangeIntoForeground);
-        break;
-    case LibraryAppletMode::AllForegroundInitiallyHidden:
-        applet->hid_registration.EnableAppletToGetInput(false);
-        applet->focus_state = FocusState::NotInFocus;
-        applet->display_layer_manager.SetWindowVisibility(false);
-        applet->message_queue.PushMessage(AppletMessage::ChangeIntoBackground);
-        break;
-    }
+    applet->window_visible = mode != LibraryAppletMode::AllForegroundInitiallyHidden;
 
     auto broker = std::make_shared<AppletDataBroker>(system);
     applet->caller_applet = caller_applet;
     applet->caller_applet_broker = broker;
+    caller_applet->child_applets.push_back(applet);
 
-    system.GetAppletManager().InsertApplet(applet);
+    window_system.TrackApplet(applet, false);
 
     return std::make_shared<ILibraryAppletAccessor>(system, broker, applet);
 }
 
 std::shared_ptr<ILibraryAppletAccessor> CreateFrontendApplet(Core::System& system,
+                                                             WindowSystem& window_system,
                                                              std::shared_ptr<Applet> caller_applet,
                                                              AppletId applet_id,
                                                              LibraryAppletMode mode) {
     const auto program_id = static_cast<u64>(AppletIdToProgramId(applet_id));
 
     auto process = std::make_unique<Process>(system);
-    auto applet = std::make_shared<Applet>(system, std::move(process));
+    auto applet = std::make_shared<Applet>(system, std::move(process), false);
     applet->program_id = program_id;
     applet->applet_id = applet_id;
     applet->type = AppletType::LibraryApplet;
@@ -166,14 +154,19 @@ std::shared_ptr<ILibraryAppletAccessor> CreateFrontendApplet(Core::System& syste
     applet->caller_applet = caller_applet;
     applet->caller_applet_broker = storage;
     applet->frontend = system.GetFrontendAppletHolder().GetApplet(applet, applet_id, mode);
+    caller_applet->child_applets.push_back(applet);
+
+    window_system.TrackApplet(applet, false);
 
     return std::make_shared<ILibraryAppletAccessor>(system, storage, applet);
 }
 
 } // namespace
 
-ILibraryAppletCreator::ILibraryAppletCreator(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet)
-    : ServiceFramework{system_, "ILibraryAppletCreator"}, m_applet{std::move(applet)} {
+ILibraryAppletCreator::ILibraryAppletCreator(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet,
+                                             WindowSystem& window_system)
+    : ServiceFramework{system_, "ILibraryAppletCreator"},
+      m_window_system{window_system}, m_applet{std::move(applet)} {
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
         {0, D<&ILibraryAppletCreator::CreateLibraryApplet>, "CreateLibraryApplet"},
         {1, nullptr, "TerminateAllLibraryApplets"},
@@ -195,10 +188,12 @@ Result ILibraryAppletCreator::CreateLibraryApplet(
 
     std::shared_ptr<ILibraryAppletAccessor> library_applet;
     if (ShouldCreateGuestApplet(applet_id)) {
-        library_applet = CreateGuestApplet(system, m_applet, applet_id, library_applet_mode);
+        library_applet =
+            CreateGuestApplet(system, m_window_system, m_applet, applet_id, library_applet_mode);
     }
     if (!library_applet) {
-        library_applet = CreateFrontendApplet(system, m_applet, applet_id, library_applet_mode);
+        library_applet =
+            CreateFrontendApplet(system, m_window_system, m_applet, applet_id, library_applet_mode);
     }
     if (!library_applet) {
         LOG_ERROR(Service_AM, "Applet doesn't exist! applet_id={}", applet_id);

src/core/hle/service/am/service/library_applet_creator.h

@@ -12,10 +12,12 @@ namespace Service::AM {
 struct Applet;
 class ILibraryAppletAccessor;
 class IStorage;
+class WindowSystem;
 
 class ILibraryAppletCreator final : public ServiceFramework<ILibraryAppletCreator> {
 public:
-    explicit ILibraryAppletCreator(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet);
+    explicit ILibraryAppletCreator(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet,
+                                   WindowSystem& window_system);
     ~ILibraryAppletCreator() override;
 
 private:
@@ -29,6 +31,7 @@ private:
     Result CreateHandleStorage(Out<SharedPointer<IStorage>> out_storage, s64 size,
                                InCopyHandle<Kernel::KTransferMemory> transfer_memory_handle);
 
+    WindowSystem& m_window_system;
     const std::shared_ptr<Applet> m_applet;
 };