Android #130

kernel: add KPageTableBase

.github/workflows/android-build.yml

@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt-get install -y ccache apksigner glslang-dev glslang-tools
       - name: Build
         run: ./.ci/scripts/android/build.sh
-      - name: Copy and sign artifacts
         env:
           ANDROID_KEYSTORE_B64: ${{ secrets.ANDROID_KEYSTORE_B64 }}
           ANDROID_KEY_ALIAS: ${{ secrets.ANDROID_KEY_ALIAS }}
           ANDROID_KEYSTORE_PASS: ${{ secrets.ANDROID_KEYSTORE_PASS }}
+      - name: Copy artifacts
         run: ./.ci/scripts/android/upload.sh
       - name: Upload
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3

README.md

@@ -1,3 +1,11 @@
+| Pull Request | Commit | Title | Author | Merged? |
+|----|----|----|----|----|
+
+
+End of merge log. You can find the original README.md below the break.
+
+-----
+
 <!--
 SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
 SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ if (MSVC)
     # Avoid windows.h from including some usually unused libs like winsocks.h, since this might cause some redefinition errors.
     add_definitions(-DWIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN)
 
-    # Ensure that projects build with Unicode support.
+    # Ensure that projects are built with Unicode support.
     add_definitions(-DUNICODE -D_UNICODE)
 
     # /W4                 - Level 4 warnings
@@ -54,11 +54,11 @@ if (MSVC)
         /GT
 
         # Modules
-        /experimental:module- # Disable module support explicitly due to conflicts with precompiled headers
+        /experimental:module- # Explicitly disable module support due to conflicts with precompiled headers.
 
         # External headers diagnostics
         /external:anglebrackets # Treats all headers included by #include <header>, where the header file is enclosed in angle brackets (< >), as external headers
-        /external:W0            # Sets the default warning level to 0 for external headers, effectively turning off warnings for external headers
+        /external:W0            # Sets the default warning level to 0 for external headers, effectively disabling warnings for them.
 
         # Warnings
         /W4

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/fragments/EmulationFragment.kt

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import android.content.DialogInterface
 import android.content.SharedPreferences
 import android.content.pm.ActivityInfo
 import android.content.res.Configuration
-import android.graphics.Color
 import android.net.Uri
 import android.os.Bundle
 import android.os.Handler
@@ -155,7 +154,6 @@ class EmulationFragment : Fragment(), SurfaceHolder.Callback {
         }
 
         binding.surfaceEmulation.holder.addCallback(this)
-        binding.showFpsText.setTextColor(Color.YELLOW)
         binding.doneControlConfig.setOnClickListener { stopConfiguringControls() }
 
         binding.drawerLayout.addDrawerListener(object : DrawerListener {
@@ -414,12 +412,12 @@ class EmulationFragment : Fragment(), SurfaceHolder.Callback {
             val FRAMETIME = 2
             val SPEED = 3
             perfStatsUpdater = {
-                if (emulationViewModel.emulationStarted.value == true) {
+                if (emulationViewModel.emulationStarted.value) {
                     val perfStats = NativeLibrary.getPerfStats()
-                    if (perfStats[FPS] > 0 && _binding != null) {
+                    if (_binding != null) {
                         binding.showFpsText.text = String.format("FPS: %.1f", perfStats[FPS])
                     }
-                    perfStatsUpdateHandler.postDelayed(perfStatsUpdater!!, 100)
+                    perfStatsUpdateHandler.postDelayed(perfStatsUpdater!!, 800)
                 }
             }
             perfStatsUpdateHandler.post(perfStatsUpdater!!)
@@ -464,7 +462,6 @@ class EmulationFragment : Fragment(), SurfaceHolder.Callback {
                     if (it.orientation == FoldingFeature.Orientation.HORIZONTAL) {
                         // Restrict emulation and overlays to the top of the screen
                         binding.emulationContainer.layoutParams.height = it.bounds.top
-                        binding.overlayContainer.layoutParams.height = it.bounds.top
                         // Restrict input and menu drawer to the bottom of the screen
                         binding.inputContainer.layoutParams.height = it.bounds.bottom
                         binding.inGameMenu.layoutParams.height = it.bounds.bottom
@@ -478,7 +475,6 @@ class EmulationFragment : Fragment(), SurfaceHolder.Callback {
         if (!isFolding) {
             binding.emulationContainer.layoutParams.height = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT
             binding.inputContainer.layoutParams.height = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT
-            binding.overlayContainer.layoutParams.height = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT
             binding.inGameMenu.layoutParams.height = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT
             isInFoldableLayout = false
             updateOrientation()
@@ -486,7 +482,6 @@ class EmulationFragment : Fragment(), SurfaceHolder.Callback {
         }
         binding.emulationContainer.requestLayout()
         binding.inputContainer.requestLayout()
-        binding.overlayContainer.requestLayout()
         binding.inGameMenu.requestLayout()
     }
 
@@ -712,24 +707,6 @@ class EmulationFragment : Fragment(), SurfaceHolder.Callback {
             }
 
             v.setPadding(left, cutInsets.top, right, 0)
-
-            // Ensure FPS text doesn't get cut off by rounded display corners
-            val sidePadding = resources.getDimensionPixelSize(R.dimen.spacing_xtralarge)
-            if (cutInsets.left == 0) {
-                binding.showFpsText.setPadding(
-                    sidePadding,
-                    cutInsets.top,
-                    cutInsets.right,
-                    cutInsets.bottom
-                )
-            } else {
-                binding.showFpsText.setPadding(
-                    cutInsets.left,
-                    cutInsets.top,
-                    cutInsets.right,
-                    cutInsets.bottom
-                )
-            }
             windowInsets
         }
     }

src/android/app/src/main/jni/native.cpp

@@ -199,8 +199,8 @@ bool EmulationSession::IsPaused() const {
     return m_is_running && m_is_paused;
 }
 
-const Core::PerfStatsResults& EmulationSession::PerfStats() const {
-    std::scoped_lock m_perf_stats_lock(m_perf_stats_mutex);
+const Core::PerfStatsResults& EmulationSession::PerfStats() {
+    m_perf_stats = m_system.GetAndResetPerfStats();
     return m_perf_stats;
 }
 
@@ -383,11 +383,6 @@ void EmulationSession::RunEmulation() {
                 break;
             }
         }
-        {
-            // Refresh performance stats.
-            std::scoped_lock m_perf_stats_lock(m_perf_stats_mutex);
-            m_perf_stats = m_system.GetAndResetPerfStats();
-        }
     }
 }
 

src/android/app/src/main/jni/native.h

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public:
     void RunEmulation();
     void ShutdownEmulation();
 
-    const Core::PerfStatsResults& PerfStats() const;
+    const Core::PerfStatsResults& PerfStats();
     void ConfigureFilesystemProvider(const std::string& filepath);
     void InitializeSystem(bool reload);
     Core::SystemResultStatus InitializeEmulation(const std::string& filepath);
@@ -80,6 +80,5 @@ private:
 
     // Synchronization
     std::condition_variable_any m_cv;
-    mutable std::mutex m_perf_stats_mutex;
     mutable std::mutex m_mutex;
 };

src/android/app/src/main/res/layout/fragment_emulation.xml

@@ -134,16 +134,18 @@
         <FrameLayout
             android:id="@+id/overlay_container"
             android:layout_width="match_parent"
-            android:layout_height="match_parent">
+            android:layout_height="match_parent"
+            android:fitsSystemWindows="true">
 
-            <TextView
+            <com.google.android.material.textview.MaterialTextView
                 android:id="@+id/show_fps_text"
+                style="@style/TextAppearance.Material3.BodyMedium"
                 android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                 android:layout_gravity="left"
                 android:clickable="false"
                 android:focusable="false"
-                android:shadowColor="@android:color/black"
+                android:paddingHorizontal="20dp"
                 android:textColor="@android:color/white"
                 android:textSize="12sp"
                 tools:ignore="RtlHardcoded" />

src/common/page_table.cpp

@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ PageTable::PageTable() = default;
 
 PageTable::~PageTable() noexcept = default;
 
-bool PageTable::BeginTraversal(TraversalEntry& out_entry, TraversalContext& out_context,
-                               u64 address) const {
+bool PageTable::BeginTraversal(TraversalEntry* out_entry, TraversalContext* out_context,
+                               Common::ProcessAddress address) const {
     // Setup invalid defaults.
-    out_entry.phys_addr = 0;
-    out_entry.block_size = page_size;
-    out_context.next_page = 0;
+    out_entry->phys_addr = 0;
+    out_entry->block_size = page_size;
+    out_context->next_page = 0;
 
     // Validate that we can read the actual entry.
     const auto page = address / page_size;
@@ -29,20 +29,20 @@ bool PageTable::BeginTraversal(TraversalEntry& out_entry, TraversalContext& out_
     }
 
     // Populate the results.
-    out_entry.phys_addr = phys_addr + address;
-    out_context.next_page = page + 1;
-    out_context.next_offset = address + page_size;
+    out_entry->phys_addr = phys_addr + GetInteger(address);
+    out_context->next_page = page + 1;
+    out_context->next_offset = GetInteger(address) + page_size;
 
     return true;
 }
 
-bool PageTable::ContinueTraversal(TraversalEntry& out_entry, TraversalContext& context) const {
+bool PageTable::ContinueTraversal(TraversalEntry* out_entry, TraversalContext* context) const {
     // Setup invalid defaults.
-    out_entry.phys_addr = 0;
-    out_entry.block_size = page_size;
+    out_entry->phys_addr = 0;
+    out_entry->block_size = page_size;
 
     // Validate that we can read the actual entry.
-    const auto page = context.next_page;
+    const auto page = context->next_page;
     if (page >= backing_addr.size()) {
         return false;
     }
@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@ bool PageTable::ContinueTraversal(TraversalEntry& out_entry, TraversalContext& c
     }
 
     // Populate the results.
-    out_entry.phys_addr = phys_addr + context.next_offset;
-    context.next_page = page + 1;
-    context.next_offset += page_size;
+    out_entry->phys_addr = phys_addr + context->next_offset;
+    context->next_page = page + 1;
+    context->next_offset += page_size;
 
     return true;
 }

src/common/page_table.h

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <atomic>
 
 #include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/typed_address.h"
 #include "common/virtual_buffer.h"
 
 namespace Common {
@@ -100,9 +101,9 @@ struct PageTable {
     PageTable(PageTable&&) noexcept = default;
     PageTable& operator=(PageTable&&) noexcept = default;
 
-    bool BeginTraversal(TraversalEntry& out_entry, TraversalContext& out_context,
-                        u64 address) const;
-    bool ContinueTraversal(TraversalEntry& out_entry, TraversalContext& context) const;
+    bool BeginTraversal(TraversalEntry* out_entry, TraversalContext* out_context,
+                        Common::ProcessAddress address) const;
+    bool ContinueTraversal(TraversalEntry* out_entry, TraversalContext* context) const;
 
     /**
      * Resizes the page table to be able to accommodate enough pages within
@@ -117,6 +118,16 @@ struct PageTable {
         return current_address_space_width_in_bits;
     }
 
+    bool GetPhysicalAddress(Common::PhysicalAddress* out_phys_addr,
+                            Common::ProcessAddress virt_addr) const {
+        if (virt_addr > (1ULL << this->GetAddressSpaceBits())) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        *out_phys_addr = backing_addr[virt_addr / page_size] + GetInteger(virt_addr);
+        return true;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Vector of memory pointers backing each page. An entry can only be non-null if the
      * corresponding attribute element is of type `Memory`.

src/core/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -271,8 +271,9 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     hle/kernel/k_page_heap.h
     hle/kernel/k_page_group.cpp
     hle/kernel/k_page_group.h
-    hle/kernel/k_page_table.cpp
     hle/kernel/k_page_table.h
+    hle/kernel/k_page_table_base.cpp
+    hle/kernel/k_page_table_base.h
     hle/kernel/k_page_table_manager.h
     hle/kernel/k_page_table_slab_heap.h
     hle/kernel/k_port.cpp
@@ -280,6 +281,7 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     hle/kernel/k_priority_queue.h
     hle/kernel/k_process.cpp
     hle/kernel/k_process.h
+    hle/kernel/k_process_page_table.h
     hle/kernel/k_readable_event.cpp
     hle/kernel/k_readable_event.h
     hle/kernel/k_resource_limit.cpp
@@ -330,8 +332,6 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     hle/kernel/physical_core.cpp
     hle/kernel/physical_core.h
     hle/kernel/physical_memory.h
-    hle/kernel/process_capability.cpp
-    hle/kernel/process_capability.h
     hle/kernel/slab_helpers.h
     hle/kernel/svc.cpp
     hle/kernel/svc.h

src/core/debugger/gdbstub.cpp

@@ -727,29 +727,34 @@ static constexpr const char* GetMemoryPermissionString(const Kernel::Svc::Memory
     }
 }
 
-static VAddr GetModuleEnd(Kernel::KPageTable& page_table, VAddr base) {
-    Kernel::Svc::MemoryInfo mem_info;
+static VAddr GetModuleEnd(Kernel::KProcessPageTable& page_table, VAddr base) {
+    Kernel::KMemoryInfo mem_info;
+    Kernel::Svc::MemoryInfo svc_mem_info;
+    Kernel::Svc::PageInfo page_info;
     VAddr cur_addr{base};
 
     // Expect: r-x Code (.text)
-    mem_info = page_table.QueryInfo(cur_addr).GetSvcMemoryInfo();
-    cur_addr = mem_info.base_address + mem_info.size;
-    if (mem_info.state != Kernel::Svc::MemoryState::Code ||
-        mem_info.permission != Kernel::Svc::MemoryPermission::ReadExecute) {
+    R_ASSERT(page_table.QueryInfo(std::addressof(mem_info), std::addressof(page_info), cur_addr));
+    svc_mem_info = mem_info.GetSvcMemoryInfo();
+    cur_addr = svc_mem_info.base_address + svc_mem_info.size;
+    if (svc_mem_info.state != Kernel::Svc::MemoryState::Code ||
+        svc_mem_info.permission != Kernel::Svc::MemoryPermission::ReadExecute) {
         return cur_addr - 1;
     }
 
     // Expect: r-- Code (.rodata)
-    mem_info = page_table.QueryInfo(cur_addr).GetSvcMemoryInfo();
-    cur_addr = mem_info.base_address + mem_info.size;
-    if (mem_info.state != Kernel::Svc::MemoryState::Code ||
-        mem_info.permission != Kernel::Svc::MemoryPermission::Read) {
+    R_ASSERT(page_table.QueryInfo(std::addressof(mem_info), std::addressof(page_info), cur_addr));
+    svc_mem_info = mem_info.GetSvcMemoryInfo();
+    cur_addr = svc_mem_info.base_address + svc_mem_info.size;
+    if (svc_mem_info.state != Kernel::Svc::MemoryState::Code ||
+        svc_mem_info.permission != Kernel::Svc::MemoryPermission::Read) {
         return cur_addr - 1;
     }
 
     // Expect: rw- CodeData (.data)
-    mem_info = page_table.QueryInfo(cur_addr).GetSvcMemoryInfo();
-    cur_addr = mem_info.base_address + mem_info.size;
+    R_ASSERT(page_table.QueryInfo(std::addressof(mem_info), std::addressof(page_info), cur_addr));
+    svc_mem_info = mem_info.GetSvcMemoryInfo();
+    cur_addr = svc_mem_info.base_address + svc_mem_info.size;
     return cur_addr - 1;
 }
 
@@ -767,7 +772,7 @@ void GDBStub::HandleRcmd(const std::vector<u8>& command) {
 
     if (command_str == "get fastmem") {
         if (Settings::IsFastmemEnabled()) {
-            const auto& impl = page_table.PageTableImpl();
+            const auto& impl = page_table.GetImpl();
             const auto region = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(impl.fastmem_arena);
             const auto region_bits = impl.current_address_space_width_in_bits;
             const auto region_size = 1ULL << region_bits;
@@ -785,20 +790,22 @@ void GDBStub::HandleRcmd(const std::vector<u8>& command) {
         reply = fmt::format("Process:     {:#x} ({})\n"
                             "Program Id:  {:#018x}\n",
                             process->GetProcessId(), process->GetName(), process->GetProgramId());
-        reply += fmt::format("Layout:\n"
-                             "  Alias: {:#012x} - {:#012x}\n"
-                             "  Heap:  {:#012x} - {:#012x}\n"
-                             "  Aslr:  {:#012x} - {:#012x}\n"
-                             "  Stack: {:#012x} - {:#012x}\n"
-                             "Modules:\n",
-                             GetInteger(page_table.GetAliasRegionStart()),
-                             GetInteger(page_table.GetAliasRegionEnd()),
-                             GetInteger(page_table.GetHeapRegionStart()),
-                             GetInteger(page_table.GetHeapRegionEnd()),
-                             GetInteger(page_table.GetAliasCodeRegionStart()),
-                             GetInteger(page_table.GetAliasCodeRegionEnd()),
-                             GetInteger(page_table.GetStackRegionStart()),
-                             GetInteger(page_table.GetStackRegionEnd()));
+        reply += fmt::format(
+            "Layout:\n"
+            "  Alias: {:#012x} - {:#012x}\n"
+            "  Heap:  {:#012x} - {:#012x}\n"
+            "  Aslr:  {:#012x} - {:#012x}\n"
+            "  Stack: {:#012x} - {:#012x}\n"
+            "Modules:\n",
+            GetInteger(page_table.GetAliasRegionStart()),
+            GetInteger(page_table.GetAliasRegionStart()) + page_table.GetAliasRegionSize() - 1,
+            GetInteger(page_table.GetHeapRegionStart()),
+            GetInteger(page_table.GetHeapRegionStart()) + page_table.GetHeapRegionSize() - 1,
+            GetInteger(page_table.GetAliasCodeRegionStart()),
+            GetInteger(page_table.GetAliasCodeRegionStart()) + page_table.GetAliasCodeRegionSize() -
+                1,
+            GetInteger(page_table.GetStackRegionStart()),
+            GetInteger(page_table.GetStackRegionStart()) + page_table.GetStackRegionSize() - 1);
 
         for (const auto& [vaddr, name] : modules) {
             reply += fmt::format("  {:#012x} - {:#012x} {}\n", vaddr,
@@ -811,27 +818,34 @@ void GDBStub::HandleRcmd(const std::vector<u8>& command) {
         while (true) {
             using MemoryAttribute = Kernel::Svc::MemoryAttribute;
 
-            auto mem_info = page_table.QueryInfo(cur_addr).GetSvcMemoryInfo();
+            Kernel::KMemoryInfo mem_info{};
+            Kernel::Svc::PageInfo page_info{};
+            R_ASSERT(page_table.QueryInfo(std::addressof(mem_info), std::addressof(page_info),
+                                          cur_addr));
+            auto svc_mem_info = mem_info.GetSvcMemoryInfo();
 
-            if (mem_info.state != Kernel::Svc::MemoryState::Inaccessible ||
-                mem_info.base_address + mem_info.size - 1 != std::numeric_limits<u64>::max()) {
-                const char* state = GetMemoryStateName(mem_info.state);
-                const char* perm = GetMemoryPermissionString(mem_info);
+            if (svc_mem_info.state != Kernel::Svc::MemoryState::Inaccessible ||
+                svc_mem_info.base_address + svc_mem_info.size - 1 !=
+                    std::numeric_limits<u64>::max()) {
+                const char* state = GetMemoryStateName(svc_mem_info.state);
+                const char* perm = GetMemoryPermissionString(svc_mem_info);
 
-                const char l = True(mem_info.attribute & MemoryAttribute::Locked) ? 'L' : '-';
-                const char i = True(mem_info.attribute & MemoryAttribute::IpcLocked) ? 'I' : '-';
-                const char d = True(mem_info.attribute & MemoryAttribute::DeviceShared) ? 'D' : '-';
-                const char u = True(mem_info.attribute & MemoryAttribute::Uncached) ? 'U' : '-';
+                const char l = True(svc_mem_info.attribute & MemoryAttribute::Locked) ? 'L' : '-';
+                const char i =
+                    True(svc_mem_info.attribute & MemoryAttribute::IpcLocked) ? 'I' : '-';
+                const char d =
+                    True(svc_mem_info.attribute & MemoryAttribute::DeviceShared) ? 'D' : '-';
+                const char u = True(svc_mem_info.attribute & MemoryAttribute::Uncached) ? 'U' : '-';
                 const char p =
-                    True(mem_info.attribute & MemoryAttribute::PermissionLocked) ? 'P' : '-';
+                    True(svc_mem_info.attribute & MemoryAttribute::PermissionLocked) ? 'P' : '-';
 
-                reply += fmt::format("  {:#012x} - {:#012x} {} {} {}{}{}{}{} [{}, {}]\n",
-                                     mem_info.base_address,
-                                     mem_info.base_address + mem_info.size - 1, perm, state, l, i,
-                                     d, u, p, mem_info.ipc_count, mem_info.device_count);
+                reply += fmt::format(
+                    "  {:#012x} - {:#012x} {} {} {}{}{}{}{} [{}, {}]\n", svc_mem_info.base_address,
+                    svc_mem_info.base_address + svc_mem_info.size - 1, perm, state, l, i, d, u, p,
+                    svc_mem_info.ipc_count, svc_mem_info.device_count);
             }
 
-            const uintptr_t next_address = mem_info.base_address + mem_info.size;
+            const uintptr_t next_address = svc_mem_info.base_address + svc_mem_info.size;
             if (next_address <= cur_addr) {
                 break;
             }

src/core/hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/k_system_control.cpp

@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ Result KSystemControl::AllocateSecureMemory(KernelCore& kernel, KVirtualAddress*
     };
 
     // We succeeded.
-    *out = KPageTable::GetHeapVirtualAddress(kernel.MemoryLayout(), paddr);
+    *out = KPageTable::GetHeapVirtualAddress(kernel, paddr);
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
@@ -238,8 +238,17 @@ void KSystemControl::FreeSecureMemory(KernelCore& kernel, KVirtualAddress addres
     ASSERT(Common::IsAligned(size, alignment));
 
     // Close the secure region's pages.
-    kernel.MemoryManager().Close(KPageTable::GetHeapPhysicalAddress(kernel.MemoryLayout(), address),
+    kernel.MemoryManager().Close(KPageTable::GetHeapPhysicalAddress(kernel, address),
                                  size / PageSize);
 }
 
+// Insecure Memory.
+KResourceLimit* KSystemControl::GetInsecureMemoryResourceLimit(KernelCore& kernel) {
+    return kernel.GetSystemResourceLimit();
+}
+
+u32 KSystemControl::GetInsecureMemoryPool() {
+    return static_cast<u32>(KMemoryManager::Pool::SystemNonSecure);
+}
+
 } // namespace Kernel::Board::Nintendo::Nx

src/core/hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/k_system_control.h

@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@
 
 namespace Kernel {
 class KernelCore;
-}
+class KResourceLimit;
+} // namespace Kernel
 
 namespace Kernel::Board::Nintendo::Nx {
 
@@ -40,6 +41,10 @@ public:
                                        u32 pool);
     static void FreeSecureMemory(KernelCore& kernel, KVirtualAddress address, size_t size,
                                  u32 pool);
+
+    // Insecure Memory.
+    static KResourceLimit* GetInsecureMemoryResourceLimit(KernelCore& kernel);
+    static u32 GetInsecureMemoryPool();
 };
 
 } // namespace Kernel::Board::Nintendo::Nx

src/core/hle/kernel/k_capabilities.cpp

@@ -4,14 +4,15 @@
 #include "core/hardware_properties.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_capabilities.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_layout.h"
-#include "core/hle/kernel/k_page_table.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_process_page_table.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/kernel.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/svc_results.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/svc_version.h"
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-Result KCapabilities::InitializeForKip(std::span<const u32> kern_caps, KPageTable* page_table) {
+Result KCapabilities::InitializeForKip(std::span<const u32> kern_caps,
+                                       KProcessPageTable* page_table) {
     // We're initializing an initial process.
     m_svc_access_flags.reset();
     m_irq_access_flags.reset();
@@ -41,7 +42,8 @@ Result KCapabilities::InitializeForKip(std::span<const u32> kern_caps, KPageTabl
     R_RETURN(this->SetCapabilities(kern_caps, page_table));
 }
 
-Result KCapabilities::InitializeForUser(std::span<const u32> user_caps, KPageTable* page_table) {
+Result KCapabilities::InitializeForUser(std::span<const u32> user_caps,
+                                        KProcessPageTable* page_table) {
     // We're initializing a user process.
     m_svc_access_flags.reset();
     m_irq_access_flags.reset();
@@ -121,7 +123,7 @@ Result KCapabilities::SetSyscallMaskCapability(const u32 cap, u32& set_svc) {
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-Result KCapabilities::MapRange_(const u32 cap, const u32 size_cap, KPageTable* page_table) {
+Result KCapabilities::MapRange_(const u32 cap, const u32 size_cap, KProcessPageTable* page_table) {
     const auto range_pack = MapRange{cap};
     const auto size_pack = MapRangeSize{size_cap};
 
@@ -142,16 +144,13 @@ Result KCapabilities::MapRange_(const u32 cap, const u32 size_cap, KPageTable* p
                                                         ? KMemoryPermission::UserRead
                                                         : KMemoryPermission::UserReadWrite;
     if (MapRangeSize{size_cap}.normal) {
-        // R_RETURN(page_table->MapStatic(phys_addr, size, perm));
+        R_RETURN(page_table->MapStatic(phys_addr, size, perm));
     } else {
-        // R_RETURN(page_table->MapIo(phys_addr, size, perm));
+        R_RETURN(page_table->MapIo(phys_addr, size, perm));
     }
-
-    UNIMPLEMENTED();
-    R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-Result KCapabilities::MapIoPage_(const u32 cap, KPageTable* page_table) {
+Result KCapabilities::MapIoPage_(const u32 cap, KProcessPageTable* page_table) {
     // Get/validate address/size
     const u64 phys_addr = MapIoPage{cap}.address.Value() * PageSize;
     const size_t num_pages = 1;
@@ -160,10 +159,7 @@ Result KCapabilities::MapIoPage_(const u32 cap, KPageTable* page_table) {
     R_UNLESS(((phys_addr + size - 1) & ~PhysicalMapAllowedMask) == 0, ResultInvalidAddress);
 
     // Do the mapping.
-    // R_RETURN(page_table->MapIo(phys_addr, size, KMemoryPermission_UserReadWrite));
-
-    UNIMPLEMENTED();
-    R_SUCCEED();
+    R_RETURN(page_table->MapIo(phys_addr, size, KMemoryPermission::UserReadWrite));
 }
 
 template <typename F>
@@ -200,13 +196,11 @@ Result KCapabilities::ProcessMapRegionCapability(const u32 cap, F f) {
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-Result KCapabilities::MapRegion_(const u32 cap, KPageTable* page_table) {
+Result KCapabilities::MapRegion_(const u32 cap, KProcessPageTable* page_table) {
     // Map each region into the process's page table.
     return ProcessMapRegionCapability(
-        cap, [](KMemoryRegionType region_type, KMemoryPermission perm) -> Result {
-            // R_RETURN(page_table->MapRegion(region_type, perm));
-            UNIMPLEMENTED();
-            R_SUCCEED();
+        cap, [page_table](KMemoryRegionType region_type, KMemoryPermission perm) -> Result {
+            R_RETURN(page_table->MapRegion(region_type, perm));
         });
 }
 
@@ -280,7 +274,7 @@ Result KCapabilities::SetDebugFlagsCapability(const u32 cap) {
 }
 
 Result KCapabilities::SetCapability(const u32 cap, u32& set_flags, u32& set_svc,
-                                    KPageTable* page_table) {
+                                    KProcessPageTable* page_table) {
     // Validate this is a capability we can act on.
     const auto type = GetCapabilityType(cap);
     R_UNLESS(type != CapabilityType::Invalid, ResultInvalidArgument);
@@ -318,7 +312,7 @@ Result KCapabilities::SetCapability(const u32 cap, u32& set_flags, u32& set_svc,
     }
 }
 
-Result KCapabilities::SetCapabilities(std::span<const u32> caps, KPageTable* page_table) {
+Result KCapabilities::SetCapabilities(std::span<const u32> caps, KProcessPageTable* page_table) {
     u32 set_flags = 0, set_svc = 0;
 
     for (size_t i = 0; i < caps.size(); i++) {

src/core/hle/kernel/k_capabilities.h

@@ -15,15 +15,15 @@
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-class KPageTable;
+class KProcessPageTable;
 class KernelCore;
 
 class KCapabilities {
 public:
     constexpr explicit KCapabilities() = default;
 
-    Result InitializeForKip(std::span<const u32> kern_caps, KPageTable* page_table);
-    Result InitializeForUser(std::span<const u32> user_caps, KPageTable* page_table);
+    Result InitializeForKip(std::span<const u32> kern_caps, KProcessPageTable* page_table);
+    Result InitializeForUser(std::span<const u32> user_caps, KProcessPageTable* page_table);
 
     static Result CheckCapabilities(KernelCore& kernel, std::span<const u32> user_caps);
 
@@ -264,9 +264,9 @@ private:
 
     Result SetCorePriorityCapability(const u32 cap);
     Result SetSyscallMaskCapability(const u32 cap, u32& set_svc);
-    Result MapRange_(const u32 cap, const u32 size_cap, KPageTable* page_table);
-    Result MapIoPage_(const u32 cap, KPageTable* page_table);
-    Result MapRegion_(const u32 cap, KPageTable* page_table);
+    Result MapRange_(const u32 cap, const u32 size_cap, KProcessPageTable* page_table);
+    Result MapIoPage_(const u32 cap, KProcessPageTable* page_table);
+    Result MapRegion_(const u32 cap, KProcessPageTable* page_table);
     Result SetInterruptPairCapability(const u32 cap);
     Result SetProgramTypeCapability(const u32 cap);
     Result SetKernelVersionCapability(const u32 cap);
@@ -277,8 +277,9 @@ private:
     static Result ProcessMapRegionCapability(const u32 cap, F f);
     static Result CheckMapRegion(KernelCore& kernel, const u32 cap);
 
-    Result SetCapability(const u32 cap, u32& set_flags, u32& set_svc, KPageTable* page_table);
-    Result SetCapabilities(std::span<const u32> caps, KPageTable* page_table);
+    Result SetCapability(const u32 cap, u32& set_flags, u32& set_svc,
+                         KProcessPageTable* page_table);
+    Result SetCapabilities(std::span<const u32> caps, KProcessPageTable* page_table);
 
 private:
     Svc::SvcAccessFlagSet m_svc_access_flags{};

src/core/hle/kernel/k_device_address_space.cpp

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Result KDeviceAddressSpace::Detach(Svc::DeviceName device_name) {
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-Result KDeviceAddressSpace::Map(KPageTable* page_table, KProcessAddress process_address,
+Result KDeviceAddressSpace::Map(KProcessPageTable* page_table, KProcessAddress process_address,
                                 size_t size, u64 device_address, u32 option, bool is_aligned) {
     // Check that the address falls within the space.
     R_UNLESS((m_space_address <= device_address &&
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ Result KDeviceAddressSpace::Map(KPageTable* page_table, KProcessAddress process_
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-Result KDeviceAddressSpace::Unmap(KPageTable* page_table, KProcessAddress process_address,
+Result KDeviceAddressSpace::Unmap(KProcessPageTable* page_table, KProcessAddress process_address,
                                   size_t size, u64 device_address) {
     // Check that the address falls within the space.
     R_UNLESS((m_space_address <= device_address &&

src/core/hle/kernel/k_device_address_space.h

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
-#include "core/hle/kernel/k_page_table.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_process_page_table.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_typed_address.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/slab_helpers.h"
 #include "core/hle/result.h"
@@ -31,23 +31,23 @@ public:
     Result Attach(Svc::DeviceName device_name);
     Result Detach(Svc::DeviceName device_name);
 
-    Result MapByForce(KPageTable* page_table, KProcessAddress process_address, size_t size,
+    Result MapByForce(KProcessPageTable* page_table, KProcessAddress process_address, size_t size,
                       u64 device_address, u32 option) {
         R_RETURN(this->Map(page_table, process_address, size, device_address, option, false));
     }
 
-    Result MapAligned(KPageTable* page_table, KProcessAddress process_address, size_t size,
+    Result MapAligned(KProcessPageTable* page_table, KProcessAddress process_address, size_t size,
                       u64 device_address, u32 option) {
         R_RETURN(this->Map(page_table, process_address, size, device_address, option, true));
     }
 
-    Result Unmap(KPageTable* page_table, KProcessAddress process_address, size_t size,
+    Result Unmap(KProcessPageTable* page_table, KProcessAddress process_address, size_t size,
                  u64 device_address);
 
     static void Initialize();
 
 private:
-    Result Map(KPageTable* page_table, KProcessAddress process_address, size_t size,
+    Result Map(KProcessPageTable* page_table, KProcessAddress process_address, size_t size,
                u64 device_address, u32 option, bool is_aligned);
 
 private:

src/core/hle/kernel/k_memory_layout.h

@@ -394,6 +394,14 @@ private:
         return region.GetEndAddress();
     }
 
+public:
+    static const KMemoryRegion* Find(const KMemoryLayout& layout, KVirtualAddress address) {
+        return Find(address, layout.GetVirtualMemoryRegionTree());
+    }
+    static const KMemoryRegion* Find(const KMemoryLayout& layout, KPhysicalAddress address) {
+        return Find(address, layout.GetPhysicalMemoryRegionTree());
+    }
+
 private:
     u64 m_linear_phys_to_virt_diff{};
     u64 m_linear_virt_to_phys_diff{};

src/core/hle/kernel/k_memory_manager.cpp

@@ -456,8 +456,7 @@ size_t KMemoryManager::Impl::Initialize(KPhysicalAddress address, size_t size,
 }
 
 void KMemoryManager::Impl::InitializeOptimizedMemory(KernelCore& kernel) {
-    auto optimize_pa =
-        KPageTable::GetHeapPhysicalAddress(kernel.MemoryLayout(), m_management_region);
+    auto optimize_pa = KPageTable::GetHeapPhysicalAddress(kernel, m_management_region);
     auto* optimize_map = kernel.System().DeviceMemory().GetPointer<u64>(optimize_pa);
 
     std::memset(optimize_map, 0, CalculateOptimizedProcessOverheadSize(m_heap.GetSize()));
@@ -465,8 +464,7 @@ void KMemoryManager::Impl::InitializeOptimizedMemory(KernelCore& kernel) {
 
 void KMemoryManager::Impl::TrackUnoptimizedAllocation(KernelCore& kernel, KPhysicalAddress block,
                                                       size_t num_pages) {
-    auto optimize_pa =
-        KPageTable::GetHeapPhysicalAddress(kernel.MemoryLayout(), m_management_region);
+    auto optimize_pa = KPageTable::GetHeapPhysicalAddress(kernel, m_management_region);
     auto* optimize_map = kernel.System().DeviceMemory().GetPointer<u64>(optimize_pa);
 
     // Get the range we're tracking.
@@ -485,8 +483,7 @@ void KMemoryManager::Impl::TrackUnoptimizedAllocation(KernelCore& kernel, KPhysi
 
 void KMemoryManager::Impl::TrackOptimizedAllocation(KernelCore& kernel, KPhysicalAddress block,
                                                     size_t num_pages) {
-    auto optimize_pa =
-        KPageTable::GetHeapPhysicalAddress(kernel.MemoryLayout(), m_management_region);
+    auto optimize_pa = KPageTable::GetHeapPhysicalAddress(kernel, m_management_region);
     auto* optimize_map = kernel.System().DeviceMemory().GetPointer<u64>(optimize_pa);
 
     // Get the range we're tracking.
@@ -506,8 +503,7 @@ void KMemoryManager::Impl::TrackOptimizedAllocation(KernelCore& kernel, KPhysica
 bool KMemoryManager::Impl::ProcessOptimizedAllocation(KernelCore& kernel, KPhysicalAddress block,
                                                       size_t num_pages, u8 fill_pattern) {
     auto& device_memory = kernel.System().DeviceMemory();
-    auto optimize_pa =
-        KPageTable::GetHeapPhysicalAddress(kernel.MemoryLayout(), m_management_region);
+    auto optimize_pa = KPageTable::GetHeapPhysicalAddress(kernel, m_management_region);
     auto* optimize_map = device_memory.GetPointer<u64>(optimize_pa);
 
     // We want to return whether any pages were newly allocated.

src/core/hle/kernel/k_page_table.h

@@ -3,548 +3,14 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <memory>
-
-#include "common/common_funcs.h"
-#include "common/page_table.h"
-#include "core/file_sys/program_metadata.h"
-#include "core/hle/kernel/k_dynamic_resource_manager.h"
-#include "core/hle/kernel/k_light_lock.h"
-#include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_block.h"
-#include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_block_manager.h"
-#include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_layout.h"
-#include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_manager.h"
-#include "core/hle/kernel/k_typed_address.h"
-#include "core/hle/result.h"
-#include "core/memory.h"
-
-namespace Core {
-class System;
-}
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_page_table_base.h"
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-enum class DisableMergeAttribute : u8 {
-    None = (0U << 0),
-    DisableHead = (1U << 0),
-    DisableHeadAndBody = (1U << 1),
-    EnableHeadAndBody = (1U << 2),
-    DisableTail = (1U << 3),
-    EnableTail = (1U << 4),
-    EnableAndMergeHeadBodyTail = (1U << 5),
-    EnableHeadBodyTail = EnableHeadAndBody | EnableTail,
-    DisableHeadBodyTail = DisableHeadAndBody | DisableTail,
-};
-
-struct KPageProperties {
-    KMemoryPermission perm;
-    bool io;
-    bool uncached;
-    DisableMergeAttribute disable_merge_attributes;
-};
-static_assert(std::is_trivial_v<KPageProperties>);
-static_assert(sizeof(KPageProperties) == sizeof(u32));
-
-class KBlockInfoManager;
-class KMemoryBlockManager;
-class KResourceLimit;
-class KSystemResource;
-
-class KPageTable final {
-protected:
-    struct PageLinkedList;
-
+class KPageTable final : public KPageTableBase {
 public:
-    enum class ICacheInvalidationStrategy : u32 { InvalidateRange, InvalidateAll };
-
-    YUZU_NON_COPYABLE(KPageTable);
-    YUZU_NON_MOVEABLE(KPageTable);
-
-    explicit KPageTable(Core::System& system_);
-    ~KPageTable();
-
-    Result InitializeForProcess(Svc::CreateProcessFlag as_type, bool enable_aslr,
-                                bool enable_das_merge, bool from_back, KMemoryManager::Pool pool,
-                                KProcessAddress code_addr, size_t code_size,
-                                KSystemResource* system_resource, KResourceLimit* resource_limit,
-                                Core::Memory::Memory& memory);
-
-    void Finalize();
-
-    Result MapProcessCode(KProcessAddress addr, size_t pages_count, KMemoryState state,
-                          KMemoryPermission perm);
-    Result MapCodeMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size);
-    Result UnmapCodeMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size,
-                           ICacheInvalidationStrategy icache_invalidation_strategy);
-    Result UnmapProcessMemory(KProcessAddress dst_addr, size_t size, KPageTable& src_page_table,
-                              KProcessAddress src_addr);
-    Result MapPhysicalMemory(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size);
-    Result UnmapPhysicalMemory(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size);
-    Result MapMemory(KProcessAddress dst_addr, KProcessAddress src_addr, size_t size);
-    Result UnmapMemory(KProcessAddress dst_addr, KProcessAddress src_addr, size_t size);
-    Result SetProcessMemoryPermission(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size,
-                                      Svc::MemoryPermission svc_perm);
-    KMemoryInfo QueryInfo(KProcessAddress addr);
-    Result SetMemoryPermission(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, Svc::MemoryPermission perm);
-    Result SetMemoryAttribute(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, u32 mask, u32 attr);
-    Result SetMaxHeapSize(size_t size);
-    Result SetHeapSize(u64* out, size_t size);
-    Result LockForMapDeviceAddressSpace(bool* out_is_io, KProcessAddress address, size_t size,
-                                        KMemoryPermission perm, bool is_aligned, bool check_heap);
-    Result LockForUnmapDeviceAddressSpace(KProcessAddress address, size_t size, bool check_heap);
-
-    Result UnlockForDeviceAddressSpace(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size);
-
-    Result LockForIpcUserBuffer(KPhysicalAddress* out, KProcessAddress address, size_t size);
-    Result UnlockForIpcUserBuffer(KProcessAddress address, size_t size);
-
-    Result SetupForIpc(KProcessAddress* out_dst_addr, size_t size, KProcessAddress src_addr,
-                       KPageTable& src_page_table, KMemoryPermission test_perm,
-                       KMemoryState dst_state, bool send);
-    Result CleanupForIpcServer(KProcessAddress address, size_t size, KMemoryState dst_state);
-    Result CleanupForIpcClient(KProcessAddress address, size_t size, KMemoryState dst_state);
-
-    Result LockForTransferMemory(KPageGroup* out, KProcessAddress address, size_t size,
-                                 KMemoryPermission perm);
-    Result UnlockForTransferMemory(KProcessAddress address, size_t size, const KPageGroup& pg);
-    Result LockForCodeMemory(KPageGroup* out, KProcessAddress addr, size_t size);
-    Result UnlockForCodeMemory(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, const KPageGroup& pg);
-    Result MakeAndOpenPageGroup(KPageGroup* out, KProcessAddress address, size_t num_pages,
-                                KMemoryState state_mask, KMemoryState state,
-                                KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
-                                KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr);
-
-    Common::PageTable& PageTableImpl() {
-        return *m_page_table_impl;
-    }
-
-    const Common::PageTable& PageTableImpl() const {
-        return *m_page_table_impl;
-    }
-
-    KBlockInfoManager* GetBlockInfoManager() {
-        return m_block_info_manager;
-    }
-
-    Result MapPages(KProcessAddress* out_addr, size_t num_pages, size_t alignment,
-                    KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, KProcessAddress region_start,
-                    size_t region_num_pages, KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm) {
-        R_RETURN(this->MapPages(out_addr, num_pages, alignment, phys_addr, true, region_start,
-                                region_num_pages, state, perm));
-    }
-
-    Result MapPages(KProcessAddress* out_addr, size_t num_pages, size_t alignment,
-                    KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm) {
-        R_RETURN(this->MapPages(out_addr, num_pages, alignment, phys_addr, true,
-                                this->GetRegionAddress(state),
-                                this->GetRegionSize(state) / PageSize, state, perm));
-    }
-
-    Result MapPages(KProcessAddress* out_addr, size_t num_pages, KMemoryState state,
-                    KMemoryPermission perm) {
-        R_RETURN(this->MapPages(out_addr, num_pages, PageSize, 0, false,
-                                this->GetRegionAddress(state),
-                                this->GetRegionSize(state) / PageSize, state, perm));
-    }
-
-    Result MapPages(KProcessAddress address, size_t num_pages, KMemoryState state,
-                    KMemoryPermission perm);
-    Result UnmapPages(KProcessAddress address, size_t num_pages, KMemoryState state);
-
-    Result MapPageGroup(KProcessAddress* out_addr, const KPageGroup& pg,
-                        KProcessAddress region_start, size_t region_num_pages, KMemoryState state,
-                        KMemoryPermission perm);
-    Result MapPageGroup(KProcessAddress address, const KPageGroup& pg, KMemoryState state,
-                        KMemoryPermission perm);
-    Result UnmapPageGroup(KProcessAddress address, const KPageGroup& pg, KMemoryState state);
-    void RemapPageGroup(PageLinkedList* page_list, KProcessAddress address, size_t size,
-                        const KPageGroup& pg);
-
-    KProcessAddress GetRegionAddress(Svc::MemoryState state) const;
-    size_t GetRegionSize(Svc::MemoryState state) const;
-    bool CanContain(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, Svc::MemoryState state) const;
-
-    KProcessAddress GetRegionAddress(KMemoryState state) const {
-        return this->GetRegionAddress(static_cast<Svc::MemoryState>(state & KMemoryState::Mask));
-    }
-    size_t GetRegionSize(KMemoryState state) const {
-        return this->GetRegionSize(static_cast<Svc::MemoryState>(state & KMemoryState::Mask));
-    }
-    bool CanContain(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, KMemoryState state) const {
-        return this->CanContain(addr, size,
-                                static_cast<Svc::MemoryState>(state & KMemoryState::Mask));
-    }
-
-protected:
-    struct PageLinkedList {
-    private:
-        struct Node {
-            Node* m_next;
-            std::array<u8, PageSize - sizeof(Node*)> m_buffer;
-        };
-
-    public:
-        constexpr PageLinkedList() = default;
-
-        void Push(Node* n) {
-            ASSERT(Common::IsAligned(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(n), PageSize));
-            n->m_next = m_root;
-            m_root = n;
-        }
-
-        void Push(Core::Memory::Memory& memory, KVirtualAddress addr) {
-            this->Push(memory.GetPointer<Node>(GetInteger(addr)));
-        }
-
-        Node* Peek() const {
-            return m_root;
-        }
-
-        Node* Pop() {
-            Node* const r = m_root;
-
-            m_root = r->m_next;
-            r->m_next = nullptr;
-
-            return r;
-        }
-
-    private:
-        Node* m_root{};
-    };
-    static_assert(std::is_trivially_destructible<PageLinkedList>::value);
-
-private:
-    enum class OperationType : u32 {
-        Map = 0,
-        MapGroup = 1,
-        MapFirstGroup = 2,
-        Unmap = 3,
-        ChangePermissions = 4,
-        ChangePermissionsAndRefresh = 5,
-        ChangePermissionsAndRefreshAndFlush = 6,
-        Separate = 7,
-    };
-
-    static constexpr KMemoryAttribute DefaultMemoryIgnoreAttr =
-        KMemoryAttribute::IpcLocked | KMemoryAttribute::DeviceShared;
-
-    Result MapPages(KProcessAddress* out_addr, size_t num_pages, size_t alignment,
-                    KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, bool is_pa_valid, KProcessAddress region_start,
-                    size_t region_num_pages, KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm);
-    bool IsRegionContiguous(KProcessAddress addr, u64 size) const;
-    void AddRegionToPages(KProcessAddress start, size_t num_pages, KPageGroup& page_linked_list);
-    KMemoryInfo QueryInfoImpl(KProcessAddress addr);
-    KProcessAddress AllocateVirtualMemory(KProcessAddress start, size_t region_num_pages,
-                                          u64 needed_num_pages, size_t align);
-    Result Operate(KProcessAddress addr, size_t num_pages, const KPageGroup& page_group,
-                   OperationType operation);
-    Result Operate(KProcessAddress addr, size_t num_pages, KMemoryPermission perm,
-                   OperationType operation, KPhysicalAddress map_addr = 0);
-    void FinalizeUpdate(PageLinkedList* page_list);
-
-    KProcessAddress FindFreeArea(KProcessAddress region_start, size_t region_num_pages,
-                                 size_t num_pages, size_t alignment, size_t offset,
-                                 size_t guard_pages);
-
-    Result CheckMemoryStateContiguous(size_t* out_blocks_needed, KProcessAddress addr, size_t size,
-                                      KMemoryState state_mask, KMemoryState state,
-                                      KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
-                                      KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr) const;
-    Result CheckMemoryStateContiguous(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, KMemoryState state_mask,
-                                      KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm_mask,
-                                      KMemoryPermission perm, KMemoryAttribute attr_mask,
-                                      KMemoryAttribute attr) const {
-        R_RETURN(this->CheckMemoryStateContiguous(nullptr, addr, size, state_mask, state, perm_mask,
-                                                  perm, attr_mask, attr));
-    }
-
-    Result CheckMemoryState(const KMemoryInfo& info, KMemoryState state_mask, KMemoryState state,
-                            KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
-                            KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr) const;
-    Result CheckMemoryState(KMemoryState* out_state, KMemoryPermission* out_perm,
-                            KMemoryAttribute* out_attr, size_t* out_blocks_needed,
-                            KMemoryBlockManager::const_iterator it, KProcessAddress last_addr,
-                            KMemoryState state_mask, KMemoryState state,
-                            KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
-                            KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr,
-                            KMemoryAttribute ignore_attr = DefaultMemoryIgnoreAttr) const;
-    Result CheckMemoryState(KMemoryState* out_state, KMemoryPermission* out_perm,
-                            KMemoryAttribute* out_attr, size_t* out_blocks_needed,
-                            KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, KMemoryState state_mask,
-                            KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
-                            KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr,
-                            KMemoryAttribute ignore_attr = DefaultMemoryIgnoreAttr) const;
-    Result CheckMemoryState(size_t* out_blocks_needed, KProcessAddress addr, size_t size,
-                            KMemoryState state_mask, KMemoryState state,
-                            KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
-                            KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr,
-                            KMemoryAttribute ignore_attr = DefaultMemoryIgnoreAttr) const {
-        R_RETURN(CheckMemoryState(nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, out_blocks_needed, addr, size,
-                                  state_mask, state, perm_mask, perm, attr_mask, attr,
-                                  ignore_attr));
-    }
-    Result CheckMemoryState(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, KMemoryState state_mask,
-                            KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
-                            KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr,
-                            KMemoryAttribute ignore_attr = DefaultMemoryIgnoreAttr) const {
-        R_RETURN(this->CheckMemoryState(nullptr, addr, size, state_mask, state, perm_mask, perm,
-                                        attr_mask, attr, ignore_attr));
-    }
-
-    Result LockMemoryAndOpen(KPageGroup* out_pg, KPhysicalAddress* out_KPhysicalAddress,
-                             KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, KMemoryState state_mask,
-                             KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm_mask,
-                             KMemoryPermission perm, KMemoryAttribute attr_mask,
-                             KMemoryAttribute attr, KMemoryPermission new_perm,
-                             KMemoryAttribute lock_attr);
-    Result UnlockMemory(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, KMemoryState state_mask,
-                        KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
-                        KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr,
-                        KMemoryPermission new_perm, KMemoryAttribute lock_attr,
-                        const KPageGroup* pg);
-
-    Result MakePageGroup(KPageGroup& pg, KProcessAddress addr, size_t num_pages);
-    bool IsValidPageGroup(const KPageGroup& pg, KProcessAddress addr, size_t num_pages);
-
-    bool IsLockedByCurrentThread() const {
-        return m_general_lock.IsLockedByCurrentThread();
-    }
-
-    bool IsHeapPhysicalAddress(const KMemoryLayout& layout, KPhysicalAddress phys_addr) {
-        ASSERT(this->IsLockedByCurrentThread());
-
-        return layout.IsHeapPhysicalAddress(m_cached_physical_heap_region, phys_addr);
-    }
-
-    bool GetPhysicalAddressLocked(KPhysicalAddress* out, KProcessAddress virt_addr) const {
-        ASSERT(this->IsLockedByCurrentThread());
-
-        *out = GetPhysicalAddr(virt_addr);
-
-        return *out != 0;
-    }
-
-    Result SetupForIpcClient(PageLinkedList* page_list, size_t* out_blocks_needed,
-                             KProcessAddress address, size_t size, KMemoryPermission test_perm,
-                             KMemoryState dst_state);
-    Result SetupForIpcServer(KProcessAddress* out_addr, size_t size, KProcessAddress src_addr,
-                             KMemoryPermission test_perm, KMemoryState dst_state,
-                             KPageTable& src_page_table, bool send);
-    void CleanupForIpcClientOnServerSetupFailure(PageLinkedList* page_list, KProcessAddress address,
-                                                 size_t size, KMemoryPermission prot_perm);
-
-    Result AllocateAndMapPagesImpl(PageLinkedList* page_list, KProcessAddress address,
-                                   size_t num_pages, KMemoryPermission perm);
-    Result MapPageGroupImpl(PageLinkedList* page_list, KProcessAddress address,
-                            const KPageGroup& pg, const KPageProperties properties, bool reuse_ll);
-
-    mutable KLightLock m_general_lock;
-    mutable KLightLock m_map_physical_memory_lock;
-
-public:
-    constexpr KProcessAddress GetAddressSpaceStart() const {
-        return m_address_space_start;
-    }
-    constexpr KProcessAddress GetAddressSpaceEnd() const {
-        return m_address_space_end;
-    }
-    constexpr size_t GetAddressSpaceSize() const {
-        return m_address_space_end - m_address_space_start;
-    }
-    constexpr KProcessAddress GetHeapRegionStart() const {
-        return m_heap_region_start;
-    }
-    constexpr KProcessAddress GetHeapRegionEnd() const {
-        return m_heap_region_end;
-    }
-    constexpr size_t GetHeapRegionSize() const {
-        return m_heap_region_end - m_heap_region_start;
-    }
-    constexpr KProcessAddress GetAliasRegionStart() const {
-        return m_alias_region_start;
-    }
-    constexpr KProcessAddress GetAliasRegionEnd() const {
-        return m_alias_region_end;
-    }
-    constexpr size_t GetAliasRegionSize() const {
-        return m_alias_region_end - m_alias_region_start;
-    }
-    constexpr KProcessAddress GetStackRegionStart() const {
-        return m_stack_region_start;
-    }
-    constexpr KProcessAddress GetStackRegionEnd() const {
-        return m_stack_region_end;
-    }
-    constexpr size_t GetStackRegionSize() const {
-        return m_stack_region_end - m_stack_region_start;
-    }
-    constexpr KProcessAddress GetKernelMapRegionStart() const {
-        return m_kernel_map_region_start;
-    }
-    constexpr KProcessAddress GetKernelMapRegionEnd() const {
-        return m_kernel_map_region_end;
-    }
-    constexpr KProcessAddress GetCodeRegionStart() const {
-        return m_code_region_start;
-    }
-    constexpr KProcessAddress GetCodeRegionEnd() const {
-        return m_code_region_end;
-    }
-    constexpr KProcessAddress GetAliasCodeRegionStart() const {
-        return m_alias_code_region_start;
-    }
-    constexpr KProcessAddress GetAliasCodeRegionEnd() const {
-        return m_alias_code_region_end;
-    }
-    constexpr size_t GetAliasCodeRegionSize() const {
-        return m_alias_code_region_end - m_alias_code_region_start;
-    }
-    size_t GetNormalMemorySize() const {
-        KScopedLightLock lk(m_general_lock);
-        return GetHeapSize() + m_mapped_physical_memory_size;
-    }
-    constexpr size_t GetAddressSpaceWidth() const {
-        return m_address_space_width;
-    }
-    constexpr size_t GetHeapSize() const {
-        return m_current_heap_end - m_heap_region_start;
-    }
-    constexpr size_t GetNumGuardPages() const {
-        return IsKernel() ? 1 : 4;
-    }
-    KPhysicalAddress GetPhysicalAddr(KProcessAddress addr) const {
-        const auto backing_addr = m_page_table_impl->backing_addr[addr >> PageBits];
-        ASSERT(backing_addr);
-        return backing_addr + GetInteger(addr);
-    }
-    constexpr bool Contains(KProcessAddress addr) const {
-        return m_address_space_start <= addr && addr <= m_address_space_end - 1;
-    }
-    constexpr bool Contains(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size) const {
-        return m_address_space_start <= addr && addr < addr + size &&
-               addr + size - 1 <= m_address_space_end - 1;
-    }
-    constexpr bool IsInAliasRegion(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size) const {
-        return this->Contains(addr, size) && m_alias_region_start <= addr &&
-               addr + size - 1 <= m_alias_region_end - 1;
-    }
-    constexpr bool IsInHeapRegion(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size) const {
-        return this->Contains(addr, size) && m_heap_region_start <= addr &&
-               addr + size - 1 <= m_heap_region_end - 1;
-    }
-
-public:
-    static KVirtualAddress GetLinearMappedVirtualAddress(const KMemoryLayout& layout,
-                                                         KPhysicalAddress addr) {
-        return layout.GetLinearVirtualAddress(addr);
-    }
-
-    static KPhysicalAddress GetLinearMappedPhysicalAddress(const KMemoryLayout& layout,
-                                                           KVirtualAddress addr) {
-        return layout.GetLinearPhysicalAddress(addr);
-    }
-
-    static KVirtualAddress GetHeapVirtualAddress(const KMemoryLayout& layout,
-                                                 KPhysicalAddress addr) {
-        return GetLinearMappedVirtualAddress(layout, addr);
-    }
-
-    static KPhysicalAddress GetHeapPhysicalAddress(const KMemoryLayout& layout,
-                                                   KVirtualAddress addr) {
-        return GetLinearMappedPhysicalAddress(layout, addr);
-    }
-
-    static KVirtualAddress GetPageTableVirtualAddress(const KMemoryLayout& layout,
-                                                      KPhysicalAddress addr) {
-        return GetLinearMappedVirtualAddress(layout, addr);
-    }
-
-    static KPhysicalAddress GetPageTablePhysicalAddress(const KMemoryLayout& layout,
-                                                        KVirtualAddress addr) {
-        return GetLinearMappedPhysicalAddress(layout, addr);
-    }
-
-private:
-    constexpr bool IsKernel() const {
-        return m_is_kernel;
-    }
-    constexpr bool IsAslrEnabled() const {
-        return m_enable_aslr;
-    }
-
-    constexpr bool ContainsPages(KProcessAddress addr, size_t num_pages) const {
-        return (m_address_space_start <= addr) &&
-               (num_pages <= (m_address_space_end - m_address_space_start) / PageSize) &&
-               (addr + num_pages * PageSize - 1 <= m_address_space_end - 1);
-    }
-
-private:
-    class KScopedPageTableUpdater {
-    private:
-        KPageTable* m_pt{};
-        PageLinkedList m_ll;
-
-    public:
-        explicit KScopedPageTableUpdater(KPageTable* pt) : m_pt(pt) {}
-        explicit KScopedPageTableUpdater(KPageTable& pt) : KScopedPageTableUpdater(&pt) {}
-        ~KScopedPageTableUpdater() {
-            m_pt->FinalizeUpdate(this->GetPageList());
-        }
-
-        PageLinkedList* GetPageList() {
-            return std::addressof(m_ll);
-        }
-    };
-
-private:
-    KProcessAddress m_address_space_start{};
-    KProcessAddress m_address_space_end{};
-    KProcessAddress m_heap_region_start{};
-    KProcessAddress m_heap_region_end{};
-    KProcessAddress m_current_heap_end{};
-    KProcessAddress m_alias_region_start{};
-    KProcessAddress m_alias_region_end{};
-    KProcessAddress m_stack_region_start{};
-    KProcessAddress m_stack_region_end{};
-    KProcessAddress m_kernel_map_region_start{};
-    KProcessAddress m_kernel_map_region_end{};
-    KProcessAddress m_code_region_start{};
-    KProcessAddress m_code_region_end{};
-    KProcessAddress m_alias_code_region_start{};
-    KProcessAddress m_alias_code_region_end{};
-
-    size_t m_max_heap_size{};
-    size_t m_mapped_physical_memory_size{};
-    size_t m_mapped_unsafe_physical_memory{};
-    size_t m_mapped_insecure_memory{};
-    size_t m_mapped_ipc_server_memory{};
-    size_t m_address_space_width{};
-
-    KMemoryBlockManager m_memory_block_manager;
-    u32 m_allocate_option{};
-
-    bool m_is_kernel{};
-    bool m_enable_aslr{};
-    bool m_enable_device_address_space_merge{};
-
-    KMemoryBlockSlabManager* m_memory_block_slab_manager{};
-    KBlockInfoManager* m_block_info_manager{};
-    KResourceLimit* m_resource_limit{};
-
-    u32 m_heap_fill_value{};
-    u32 m_ipc_fill_value{};
-    u32 m_stack_fill_value{};
-    const KMemoryRegion* m_cached_physical_heap_region{};
-
-    KMemoryManager::Pool m_memory_pool{KMemoryManager::Pool::Application};
-    KMemoryManager::Direction m_allocation_option{KMemoryManager::Direction::FromFront};
-
-    std::unique_ptr<Common::PageTable> m_page_table_impl;
-
-    Core::System& m_system;
-    KernelCore& m_kernel;
-    Core::Memory::Memory* m_memory{};
+    explicit KPageTable(KernelCore& kernel) : KPageTableBase(kernel) {}
+    ~KPageTable() = default;
 };
 
 } // namespace Kernel

src/core/hle/kernel/k_page_table_base.h

@@ -0,0 +1,759 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
+#include "common/page_table.h"
+#include "core/core.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_dynamic_resource_manager.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_light_lock.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_block.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_block_manager.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_layout.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_manager.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_typed_address.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/kernel.h"
+#include "core/hle/result.h"
+#include "core/memory.h"
+
+namespace Kernel {
+
+enum class DisableMergeAttribute : u8 {
+    None = (0U << 0),
+
+    DisableHead = (1U << 0),
+    DisableHeadAndBody = (1U << 1),
+    EnableHeadAndBody = (1U << 2),
+    DisableTail = (1U << 3),
+    EnableTail = (1U << 4),
+    EnableAndMergeHeadBodyTail = (1U << 5),
+
+    EnableHeadBodyTail = EnableHeadAndBody | EnableTail,
+    DisableHeadBodyTail = DisableHeadAndBody | DisableTail,
+};
+DECLARE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS(DisableMergeAttribute);
+
+struct KPageProperties {
+    KMemoryPermission perm;
+    bool io;
+    bool uncached;
+    DisableMergeAttribute disable_merge_attributes;
+};
+static_assert(std::is_trivial_v<KPageProperties>);
+static_assert(sizeof(KPageProperties) == sizeof(u32));
+
+class KResourceLimit;
+class KSystemResource;
+
+class KPageTableBase {
+    YUZU_NON_COPYABLE(KPageTableBase);
+    YUZU_NON_MOVEABLE(KPageTableBase);
+
+public:
+    using TraversalEntry = Common::PageTable::TraversalEntry;
+    using TraversalContext = Common::PageTable::TraversalContext;
+
+    class MemoryRange {
+    private:
+        KernelCore& m_kernel;
+        KPhysicalAddress m_address;
+        size_t m_size;
+        bool m_heap;
+
+    public:
+        explicit MemoryRange(KernelCore& kernel)
+            : m_kernel(kernel), m_address(0), m_size(0), m_heap(false) {}
+
+        void Set(KPhysicalAddress address, size_t size, bool heap) {
+            m_address = address;
+            m_size = size;
+            m_heap = heap;
+        }
+
+        KPhysicalAddress GetAddress() const {
+            return m_address;
+        }
+        size_t GetSize() const {
+            return m_size;
+        }
+        bool IsHeap() const {
+            return m_heap;
+        }
+
+        void Open();
+        void Close();
+    };
+
+protected:
+    enum MemoryFillValue : u8 {
+        MemoryFillValue_Zero = 0,
+        MemoryFillValue_Stack = 'X',
+        MemoryFillValue_Ipc = 'Y',
+        MemoryFillValue_Heap = 'Z',
+    };
+
+    enum class OperationType {
+        Map = 0,
+        MapGroup = 1,
+        MapFirstGroup = 2,
+        Unmap = 3,
+        ChangePermissions = 4,
+        ChangePermissionsAndRefresh = 5,
+        ChangePermissionsAndRefreshAndFlush = 6,
+        Separate = 7,
+    };
+
+    static constexpr size_t MaxPhysicalMapAlignment = 1_GiB;
+    static constexpr size_t RegionAlignment = 2_MiB;
+    static_assert(RegionAlignment == KernelAslrAlignment);
+
+    struct PageLinkedList {
+    private:
+        struct Node {
+            Node* m_next;
+            std::array<u8, PageSize - sizeof(Node*)> m_buffer;
+        };
+        static_assert(std::is_trivial_v<Node>);
+
+    private:
+        Node* m_root{};
+
+    public:
+        constexpr PageLinkedList() : m_root(nullptr) {}
+
+        void Push(Node* n) {
+            ASSERT(Common::IsAligned(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(n), PageSize));
+            n->m_next = m_root;
+            m_root = n;
+        }
+
+        Node* Peek() const {
+            return m_root;
+        }
+
+        Node* Pop() {
+            Node* const r = m_root;
+
+            m_root = r->m_next;
+            r->m_next = nullptr;
+
+            return r;
+        }
+    };
+    static_assert(std::is_trivially_destructible_v<PageLinkedList>);
+
+    static constexpr auto DefaultMemoryIgnoreAttr =
+        KMemoryAttribute::IpcLocked | KMemoryAttribute::DeviceShared;
+
+    static constexpr size_t GetAddressSpaceWidth(Svc::CreateProcessFlag as_type) {
+        switch (static_cast<Svc::CreateProcessFlag>(as_type &
+                                                    Svc::CreateProcessFlag::AddressSpaceMask)) {
+        case Svc::CreateProcessFlag::AddressSpace64Bit:
+            return 39;
+        case Svc::CreateProcessFlag::AddressSpace64BitDeprecated:
+            return 36;
+        case Svc::CreateProcessFlag::AddressSpace32Bit:
+        case Svc::CreateProcessFlag::AddressSpace32BitWithoutAlias:
+            return 32;
+        default:
+            UNREACHABLE();
+        }
+    }
+
+private:
+    class KScopedPageTableUpdater {
+    private:
+        KPageTableBase* m_pt;
+        PageLinkedList m_ll;
+
+    public:
+        explicit KScopedPageTableUpdater(KPageTableBase* pt) : m_pt(pt), m_ll() {}
+        explicit KScopedPageTableUpdater(KPageTableBase& pt)
+            : KScopedPageTableUpdater(std::addressof(pt)) {}
+        ~KScopedPageTableUpdater() {
+            m_pt->FinalizeUpdate(this->GetPageList());
+        }
+
+        PageLinkedList* GetPageList() {
+            return std::addressof(m_ll);
+        }
+    };
+
+private:
+    KernelCore& m_kernel;
+    Core::System& m_system;
+    KProcessAddress m_address_space_start{};
+    KProcessAddress m_address_space_end{};
+    KProcessAddress m_heap_region_start{};
+    KProcessAddress m_heap_region_end{};
+    KProcessAddress m_current_heap_end{};
+    KProcessAddress m_alias_region_start{};
+    KProcessAddress m_alias_region_end{};
+    KProcessAddress m_stack_region_start{};
+    KProcessAddress m_stack_region_end{};
+    KProcessAddress m_kernel_map_region_start{};
+    KProcessAddress m_kernel_map_region_end{};
+    KProcessAddress m_alias_code_region_start{};
+    KProcessAddress m_alias_code_region_end{};
+    KProcessAddress m_code_region_start{};
+    KProcessAddress m_code_region_end{};
+    size_t m_max_heap_size{};
+    size_t m_mapped_physical_memory_size{};
+    size_t m_mapped_unsafe_physical_memory{};
+    size_t m_mapped_insecure_memory{};
+    size_t m_mapped_ipc_server_memory{};
+    mutable KLightLock m_general_lock;
+    mutable KLightLock m_map_physical_memory_lock;
+    KLightLock m_device_map_lock;
+    std::unique_ptr<Common::PageTable> m_impl{};
+    Core::Memory::Memory* m_memory{};
+    KMemoryBlockManager m_memory_block_manager{};
+    u32 m_allocate_option{};
+    u32 m_address_space_width{};
+    bool m_is_kernel{};
+    bool m_enable_aslr{};
+    bool m_enable_device_address_space_merge{};
+    KMemoryBlockSlabManager* m_memory_block_slab_manager{};
+    KBlockInfoManager* m_block_info_manager{};
+    KResourceLimit* m_resource_limit{};
+    const KMemoryRegion* m_cached_physical_linear_region{};
+    const KMemoryRegion* m_cached_physical_heap_region{};
+    MemoryFillValue m_heap_fill_value{};
+    MemoryFillValue m_ipc_fill_value{};
+    MemoryFillValue m_stack_fill_value{};
+
+public:
+    explicit KPageTableBase(KernelCore& kernel);
+    ~KPageTableBase();
+
+    Result InitializeForKernel(bool is_64_bit, KVirtualAddress start, KVirtualAddress end,
+                               Core::Memory::Memory& memory);
+    Result InitializeForProcess(Svc::CreateProcessFlag as_type, bool enable_aslr,
+                                bool enable_device_address_space_merge, bool from_back,
+                                KMemoryManager::Pool pool, KProcessAddress code_address,
+                                size_t code_size, KSystemResource* system_resource,
+                                KResourceLimit* resource_limit, Core::Memory::Memory& memory);
+
+    void Finalize();
+
+    bool IsKernel() const {
+        return m_is_kernel;
+    }
+    bool IsAslrEnabled() const {
+        return m_enable_aslr;
+    }
+
+    bool Contains(KProcessAddress addr) const {
+        return m_address_space_start <= addr && addr <= m_address_space_end - 1;
+    }
+
+    bool Contains(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size) const {
+        return m_address_space_start <= addr && addr < addr + size &&
+               addr + size - 1 <= m_address_space_end - 1;
+    }
+
+    bool IsInAliasRegion(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size) const {
+        return this->Contains(addr, size) && m_alias_region_start <= addr &&
+               addr + size - 1 <= m_alias_region_end - 1;
+    }
+
+    bool IsInHeapRegion(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size) const {
+        return this->Contains(addr, size) && m_heap_region_start <= addr &&
+               addr + size - 1 <= m_heap_region_end - 1;
+    }
+
+    bool IsInUnsafeAliasRegion(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size) const {
+        // Even though Unsafe physical memory is KMemoryState_Normal, it must be mapped inside the
+        // alias code region.
+        return this->CanContain(addr, size, Svc::MemoryState::AliasCode);
+    }
+
+    KScopedLightLock AcquireDeviceMapLock() {
+        return KScopedLightLock(m_device_map_lock);
+    }
+
+    KProcessAddress GetRegionAddress(Svc::MemoryState state) const;
+    size_t GetRegionSize(Svc::MemoryState state) const;
+    bool CanContain(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, Svc::MemoryState state) const;
+
+    KProcessAddress GetRegionAddress(KMemoryState state) const {
+        return this->GetRegionAddress(static_cast<Svc::MemoryState>(state & KMemoryState::Mask));
+    }
+    size_t GetRegionSize(KMemoryState state) const {
+        return this->GetRegionSize(static_cast<Svc::MemoryState>(state & KMemoryState::Mask));
+    }
+    bool CanContain(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, KMemoryState state) const {
+        return this->CanContain(addr, size,
+                                static_cast<Svc::MemoryState>(state & KMemoryState::Mask));
+    }
+
+public:
+    Core::Memory::Memory& GetMemory() {
+        return *m_memory;
+    }
+
+    Core::Memory::Memory& GetMemory() const {
+        return *m_memory;
+    }
+
+    Common::PageTable& GetImpl() {
+        return *m_impl;
+    }
+
+    Common::PageTable& GetImpl() const {
+        return *m_impl;
+    }
+
+    size_t GetNumGuardPages() const {
+        return this->IsKernel() ? 1 : 4;
+    }
+
+protected:
+    // NOTE: These three functions (Operate, Operate, FinalizeUpdate) are virtual functions
+    // in Nintendo's kernel. We devirtualize them, since KPageTable is the only derived
+    // class, and this avoids unnecessary virtual function calls.
+    Result Operate(PageLinkedList* page_list, KProcessAddress virt_addr, size_t num_pages,
+                   KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, bool is_pa_valid, const KPageProperties properties,
+                   OperationType operation, bool reuse_ll);
+    Result Operate(PageLinkedList* page_list, KProcessAddress virt_addr, size_t num_pages,
+                   const KPageGroup& page_group, const KPageProperties properties,
+                   OperationType operation, bool reuse_ll);
+    void FinalizeUpdate(PageLinkedList* page_list);
+
+    bool IsLockedByCurrentThread() const {
+        return m_general_lock.IsLockedByCurrentThread();
+    }
+
+    bool IsLinearMappedPhysicalAddress(KPhysicalAddress phys_addr) {
+        ASSERT(this->IsLockedByCurrentThread());
+
+        return m_kernel.MemoryLayout().IsLinearMappedPhysicalAddress(
+            m_cached_physical_linear_region, phys_addr);
+    }
+
+    bool IsLinearMappedPhysicalAddress(KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, size_t size) {
+        ASSERT(this->IsLockedByCurrentThread());
+
+        return m_kernel.MemoryLayout().IsLinearMappedPhysicalAddress(
+            m_cached_physical_linear_region, phys_addr, size);
+    }
+
+    bool IsHeapPhysicalAddress(KPhysicalAddress phys_addr) {
+        ASSERT(this->IsLockedByCurrentThread());
+
+        return m_kernel.MemoryLayout().IsHeapPhysicalAddress(m_cached_physical_heap_region,
+                                                             phys_addr);
+    }
+
+    bool IsHeapPhysicalAddress(KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, size_t size) {
+        ASSERT(this->IsLockedByCurrentThread());
+
+        return m_kernel.MemoryLayout().IsHeapPhysicalAddress(m_cached_physical_heap_region,
+                                                             phys_addr, size);
+    }
+
+    bool IsHeapPhysicalAddressForFinalize(KPhysicalAddress phys_addr) {
+        ASSERT(!this->IsLockedByCurrentThread());
+
+        return m_kernel.MemoryLayout().IsHeapPhysicalAddress(m_cached_physical_heap_region,
+                                                             phys_addr);
+    }
+
+    bool ContainsPages(KProcessAddress addr, size_t num_pages) const {
+        return (m_address_space_start <= addr) &&
+               (num_pages <= (m_address_space_end - m_address_space_start) / PageSize) &&
+               (addr + num_pages * PageSize - 1 <= m_address_space_end - 1);
+    }
+
+private:
+    KProcessAddress FindFreeArea(KProcessAddress region_start, size_t region_num_pages,
+                                 size_t num_pages, size_t alignment, size_t offset,
+                                 size_t guard_pages) const;
+
+    Result CheckMemoryStateContiguous(size_t* out_blocks_needed, KProcessAddress addr, size_t size,
+                                      KMemoryState state_mask, KMemoryState state,
+                                      KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
+                                      KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr) const;
+    Result CheckMemoryStateContiguous(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, KMemoryState state_mask,
+                                      KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm_mask,
+                                      KMemoryPermission perm, KMemoryAttribute attr_mask,
+                                      KMemoryAttribute attr) const {
+        R_RETURN(this->CheckMemoryStateContiguous(nullptr, addr, size, state_mask, state, perm_mask,
+                                                  perm, attr_mask, attr));
+    }
+
+    Result CheckMemoryState(const KMemoryInfo& info, KMemoryState state_mask, KMemoryState state,
+                            KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
+                            KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr) const;
+    Result CheckMemoryState(KMemoryState* out_state, KMemoryPermission* out_perm,
+                            KMemoryAttribute* out_attr, size_t* out_blocks_needed,
+                            KMemoryBlockManager::const_iterator it, KProcessAddress last_addr,
+                            KMemoryState state_mask, KMemoryState state,
+                            KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
+                            KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr,
+                            KMemoryAttribute ignore_attr = DefaultMemoryIgnoreAttr) const;
+    Result CheckMemoryState(KMemoryState* out_state, KMemoryPermission* out_perm,
+                            KMemoryAttribute* out_attr, size_t* out_blocks_needed,
+                            KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, KMemoryState state_mask,
+                            KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
+                            KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr,
+                            KMemoryAttribute ignore_attr = DefaultMemoryIgnoreAttr) const;
+    Result CheckMemoryState(size_t* out_blocks_needed, KProcessAddress addr, size_t size,
+                            KMemoryState state_mask, KMemoryState state,
+                            KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
+                            KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr,
+                            KMemoryAttribute ignore_attr = DefaultMemoryIgnoreAttr) const {
+        R_RETURN(this->CheckMemoryState(nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, out_blocks_needed, addr, size,
+                                        state_mask, state, perm_mask, perm, attr_mask, attr,
+                                        ignore_attr));
+    }
+    Result CheckMemoryState(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, KMemoryState state_mask,
+                            KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
+                            KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr,
+                            KMemoryAttribute ignore_attr = DefaultMemoryIgnoreAttr) const {
+        R_RETURN(this->CheckMemoryState(nullptr, addr, size, state_mask, state, perm_mask, perm,
+                                        attr_mask, attr, ignore_attr));
+    }
+
+    Result LockMemoryAndOpen(KPageGroup* out_pg, KPhysicalAddress* out_paddr, KProcessAddress addr,
+                             size_t size, KMemoryState state_mask, KMemoryState state,
+                             KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
+                             KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr,
+                             KMemoryPermission new_perm, KMemoryAttribute lock_attr);
+    Result UnlockMemory(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, KMemoryState state_mask,
+                        KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
+                        KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr,
+                        KMemoryPermission new_perm, KMemoryAttribute lock_attr,
+                        const KPageGroup* pg);
+
+    Result QueryInfoImpl(KMemoryInfo* out_info, Svc::PageInfo* out_page,
+                         KProcessAddress address) const;
+
+    Result QueryMappingImpl(KProcessAddress* out, KPhysicalAddress address, size_t size,
+                            Svc::MemoryState state) const;
+
+    Result AllocateAndMapPagesImpl(PageLinkedList* page_list, KProcessAddress address,
+                                   size_t num_pages, KMemoryPermission perm);
+    Result MapPageGroupImpl(PageLinkedList* page_list, KProcessAddress address,
+                            const KPageGroup& pg, const KPageProperties properties, bool reuse_ll);
+
+    void RemapPageGroup(PageLinkedList* page_list, KProcessAddress address, size_t size,
+                        const KPageGroup& pg);
+
+    Result MakePageGroup(KPageGroup& pg, KProcessAddress addr, size_t num_pages);
+    bool IsValidPageGroup(const KPageGroup& pg, KProcessAddress addr, size_t num_pages);
+
+    Result GetContiguousMemoryRangeWithState(MemoryRange* out, KProcessAddress address, size_t size,
+                                             KMemoryState state_mask, KMemoryState state,
+                                             KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
+                                             KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr);
+
+    Result MapPages(KProcessAddress* out_addr, size_t num_pages, size_t alignment,
+                    KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, bool is_pa_valid, KProcessAddress region_start,
+                    size_t region_num_pages, KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm);
+
+    Result MapIoImpl(KProcessAddress* out, PageLinkedList* page_list, KPhysicalAddress phys_addr,
+                     size_t size, KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm);
+    Result ReadIoMemoryImpl(KProcessAddress dst_addr, KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, size_t size,
+                            KMemoryState state);
+    Result WriteIoMemoryImpl(KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, KProcessAddress src_addr, size_t size,
+                             KMemoryState state);
+
+    Result SetupForIpcClient(PageLinkedList* page_list, size_t* out_blocks_needed,
+                             KProcessAddress address, size_t size, KMemoryPermission test_perm,
+                             KMemoryState dst_state);
+    Result SetupForIpcServer(KProcessAddress* out_addr, size_t size, KProcessAddress src_addr,
+                             KMemoryPermission test_perm, KMemoryState dst_state,
+                             KPageTableBase& src_page_table, bool send);
+    void CleanupForIpcClientOnServerSetupFailure(PageLinkedList* page_list, KProcessAddress address,
+                                                 size_t size, KMemoryPermission prot_perm);
+
+    size_t GetSize(KMemoryState state) const;
+
+    bool GetPhysicalAddressLocked(KPhysicalAddress* out, KProcessAddress virt_addr) const {
+        // Validate pre-conditions.
+        ASSERT(this->IsLockedByCurrentThread());
+
+        return this->GetImpl().GetPhysicalAddress(out, virt_addr);
+    }
+
+public:
+    bool GetPhysicalAddress(KPhysicalAddress* out, KProcessAddress virt_addr) const {
+        // Validate pre-conditions.
+        ASSERT(!this->IsLockedByCurrentThread());
+
+        // Acquire exclusive access to the table while doing address translation.
+        KScopedLightLock lk(m_general_lock);
+
+        return this->GetPhysicalAddressLocked(out, virt_addr);
+    }
+
+    KBlockInfoManager* GetBlockInfoManager() const {
+        return m_block_info_manager;
+    }
+
+    Result SetMemoryPermission(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, Svc::MemoryPermission perm);
+    Result SetProcessMemoryPermission(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size,
+                                      Svc::MemoryPermission perm);
+    Result SetMemoryAttribute(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, KMemoryAttribute mask,
+                              KMemoryAttribute attr);
+    Result SetHeapSize(KProcessAddress* out, size_t size);
+    Result SetMaxHeapSize(size_t size);
+    Result QueryInfo(KMemoryInfo* out_info, Svc::PageInfo* out_page_info,
+                     KProcessAddress addr) const;
+    Result QueryPhysicalAddress(Svc::lp64::PhysicalMemoryInfo* out, KProcessAddress address) const;
+    Result QueryStaticMapping(KProcessAddress* out, KPhysicalAddress address, size_t size) const {
+        R_RETURN(this->QueryMappingImpl(out, address, size, Svc::MemoryState::Static));
+    }
+    Result QueryIoMapping(KProcessAddress* out, KPhysicalAddress address, size_t size) const {
+        R_RETURN(this->QueryMappingImpl(out, address, size, Svc::MemoryState::Io));
+    }
+    Result MapMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size);
+    Result UnmapMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size);
+    Result MapCodeMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size);
+    Result UnmapCodeMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size);
+    Result MapIo(KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, size_t size, KMemoryPermission perm);
+    Result MapIoRegion(KProcessAddress dst_address, KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, size_t size,
+                       Svc::MemoryMapping mapping, Svc::MemoryPermission perm);
+    Result UnmapIoRegion(KProcessAddress dst_address, KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, size_t size,
+                         Svc::MemoryMapping mapping);
+    Result MapStatic(KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, size_t size, KMemoryPermission perm);
+    Result MapRegion(KMemoryRegionType region_type, KMemoryPermission perm);
+    Result MapInsecureMemory(KProcessAddress address, size_t size);
+    Result UnmapInsecureMemory(KProcessAddress address, size_t size);
+
+    Result MapPages(KProcessAddress* out_addr, size_t num_pages, size_t alignment,
+                    KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, KProcessAddress region_start,
+                    size_t region_num_pages, KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm) {
+        R_RETURN(this->MapPages(out_addr, num_pages, alignment, phys_addr, true, region_start,
+                                region_num_pages, state, perm));
+    }
+
+    Result MapPages(KProcessAddress* out_addr, size_t num_pages, size_t alignment,
+                    KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm) {
+        R_RETURN(this->MapPages(out_addr, num_pages, alignment, phys_addr, true,
+                                this->GetRegionAddress(state),
+                                this->GetRegionSize(state) / PageSize, state, perm));
+    }
+
+    Result MapPages(KProcessAddress* out_addr, size_t num_pages, KMemoryState state,
+                    KMemoryPermission perm) {
+        R_RETURN(this->MapPages(out_addr, num_pages, PageSize, 0, false,
+                                this->GetRegionAddress(state),
+                                this->GetRegionSize(state) / PageSize, state, perm));
+    }
+
+    Result MapPages(KProcessAddress address, size_t num_pages, KMemoryState state,
+                    KMemoryPermission perm);
+    Result UnmapPages(KProcessAddress address, size_t num_pages, KMemoryState state);
+
+    Result MapPageGroup(KProcessAddress* out_addr, const KPageGroup& pg,
+                        KProcessAddress region_start, size_t region_num_pages, KMemoryState state,
+                        KMemoryPermission perm);
+    Result MapPageGroup(KProcessAddress address, const KPageGroup& pg, KMemoryState state,
+                        KMemoryPermission perm);
+    Result UnmapPageGroup(KProcessAddress address, const KPageGroup& pg, KMemoryState state);
+
+    Result MakeAndOpenPageGroup(KPageGroup* out, KProcessAddress address, size_t num_pages,
+                                KMemoryState state_mask, KMemoryState state,
+                                KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
+                                KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr);
+
+    Result InvalidateProcessDataCache(KProcessAddress address, size_t size);
+    Result InvalidateCurrentProcessDataCache(KProcessAddress address, size_t size);
+
+    Result ReadDebugMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size);
+    Result ReadDebugIoMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size,
+                             KMemoryState state);
+
+    Result WriteDebugMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size);
+    Result WriteDebugIoMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size,
+                              KMemoryState state);
+
+    Result LockForMapDeviceAddressSpace(bool* out_is_io, KProcessAddress address, size_t size,
+                                        KMemoryPermission perm, bool is_aligned, bool check_heap);
+    Result LockForUnmapDeviceAddressSpace(KProcessAddress address, size_t size, bool check_heap);
+
+    Result UnlockForDeviceAddressSpace(KProcessAddress address, size_t size);
+    Result UnlockForDeviceAddressSpacePartialMap(KProcessAddress address, size_t size);
+
+    Result OpenMemoryRangeForMapDeviceAddressSpace(KPageTableBase::MemoryRange* out,
+                                                   KProcessAddress address, size_t size,
+                                                   KMemoryPermission perm, bool is_aligned);
+    Result OpenMemoryRangeForUnmapDeviceAddressSpace(MemoryRange* out, KProcessAddress address,
+                                                     size_t size);
+
+    Result LockForIpcUserBuffer(KPhysicalAddress* out, KProcessAddress address, size_t size);
+    Result UnlockForIpcUserBuffer(KProcessAddress address, size_t size);
+
+    Result LockForTransferMemory(KPageGroup* out, KProcessAddress address, size_t size,
+                                 KMemoryPermission perm);
+    Result UnlockForTransferMemory(KProcessAddress address, size_t size, const KPageGroup& pg);
+    Result LockForCodeMemory(KPageGroup* out, KProcessAddress address, size_t size);
+    Result UnlockForCodeMemory(KProcessAddress address, size_t size, const KPageGroup& pg);
+
+    Result OpenMemoryRangeForProcessCacheOperation(MemoryRange* out, KProcessAddress address,
+                                                   size_t size);
+
+    Result CopyMemoryFromLinearToUser(KProcessAddress dst_addr, size_t size,
+                                      KProcessAddress src_addr, KMemoryState src_state_mask,
+                                      KMemoryState src_state, KMemoryPermission src_test_perm,
+                                      KMemoryAttribute src_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute src_attr);
+    Result CopyMemoryFromLinearToKernel(void* buffer, size_t size, KProcessAddress src_addr,
+                                        KMemoryState src_state_mask, KMemoryState src_state,
+                                        KMemoryPermission src_test_perm,
+                                        KMemoryAttribute src_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute src_attr);
+    Result CopyMemoryFromUserToLinear(KProcessAddress dst_addr, size_t size,
+                                      KMemoryState dst_state_mask, KMemoryState dst_state,
+                                      KMemoryPermission dst_test_perm,
+                                      KMemoryAttribute dst_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute dst_attr,
+                                      KProcessAddress src_addr);
+    Result CopyMemoryFromKernelToLinear(KProcessAddress dst_addr, size_t size,
+                                        KMemoryState dst_state_mask, KMemoryState dst_state,
+                                        KMemoryPermission dst_test_perm,
+                                        KMemoryAttribute dst_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute dst_attr,
+                                        void* buffer);
+    Result CopyMemoryFromHeapToHeap(KPageTableBase& dst_page_table, KProcessAddress dst_addr,
+                                    size_t size, KMemoryState dst_state_mask,
+                                    KMemoryState dst_state, KMemoryPermission dst_test_perm,
+                                    KMemoryAttribute dst_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute dst_attr,
+                                    KProcessAddress src_addr, KMemoryState src_state_mask,
+                                    KMemoryState src_state, KMemoryPermission src_test_perm,
+                                    KMemoryAttribute src_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute src_attr);
+    Result CopyMemoryFromHeapToHeapWithoutCheckDestination(
+        KPageTableBase& dst_page_table, KProcessAddress dst_addr, size_t size,
+        KMemoryState dst_state_mask, KMemoryState dst_state, KMemoryPermission dst_test_perm,
+        KMemoryAttribute dst_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute dst_attr, KProcessAddress src_addr,
+        KMemoryState src_state_mask, KMemoryState src_state, KMemoryPermission src_test_perm,
+        KMemoryAttribute src_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute src_attr);
+
+    Result SetupForIpc(KProcessAddress* out_dst_addr, size_t size, KProcessAddress src_addr,
+                       KPageTableBase& src_page_table, KMemoryPermission test_perm,
+                       KMemoryState dst_state, bool send);
+    Result CleanupForIpcServer(KProcessAddress address, size_t size, KMemoryState dst_state);
+    Result CleanupForIpcClient(KProcessAddress address, size_t size, KMemoryState dst_state);
+
+    Result MapPhysicalMemory(KProcessAddress address, size_t size);
+    Result UnmapPhysicalMemory(KProcessAddress address, size_t size);
+
+    Result MapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe(KProcessAddress address, size_t size);
+    Result UnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe(KProcessAddress address, size_t size);
+
+    Result UnmapProcessMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, size_t size, KPageTableBase& src_pt,
+                              KProcessAddress src_address);
+
+public:
+    KProcessAddress GetAddressSpaceStart() const {
+        return m_address_space_start;
+    }
+    KProcessAddress GetHeapRegionStart() const {
+        return m_heap_region_start;
+    }
+    KProcessAddress GetAliasRegionStart() const {
+        return m_alias_region_start;
+    }
+    KProcessAddress GetStackRegionStart() const {
+        return m_stack_region_start;
+    }
+    KProcessAddress GetKernelMapRegionStart() const {
+        return m_kernel_map_region_start;
+    }
+    KProcessAddress GetCodeRegionStart() const {
+        return m_code_region_start;
+    }
+    KProcessAddress GetAliasCodeRegionStart() const {
+        return m_alias_code_region_start;
+    }
+
+    size_t GetAddressSpaceSize() const {
+        return m_address_space_end - m_address_space_start;
+    }
+    size_t GetHeapRegionSize() const {
+        return m_heap_region_end - m_heap_region_start;
+    }
+    size_t GetAliasRegionSize() const {
+        return m_alias_region_end - m_alias_region_start;
+    }
+    size_t GetStackRegionSize() const {
+        return m_stack_region_end - m_stack_region_start;
+    }
+    size_t GetKernelMapRegionSize() const {
+        return m_kernel_map_region_end - m_kernel_map_region_start;
+    }
+    size_t GetCodeRegionSize() const {
+        return m_code_region_end - m_code_region_start;
+    }
+    size_t GetAliasCodeRegionSize() const {
+        return m_alias_code_region_end - m_alias_code_region_start;
+    }
+
+    size_t GetNormalMemorySize() const {
+        // Lock the table.
+        KScopedLightLock lk(m_general_lock);
+
+        return (m_current_heap_end - m_heap_region_start) + m_mapped_physical_memory_size;
+    }
+
+    size_t GetCodeSize() const;
+    size_t GetCodeDataSize() const;
+    size_t GetAliasCodeSize() const;
+    size_t GetAliasCodeDataSize() const;
+
+    u32 GetAllocateOption() const {
+        return m_allocate_option;
+    }
+
+    u32 GetAddressSpaceWidth() const {
+        return m_address_space_width;
+    }
+
+public:
+    // Linear mapped
+    static u8* GetLinearMappedVirtualPointer(KernelCore& kernel, KPhysicalAddress addr) {
+        return kernel.System().DeviceMemory().GetPointer<u8>(addr);
+    }
+
+    static KPhysicalAddress GetLinearMappedPhysicalAddress(KernelCore& kernel,
+                                                           KVirtualAddress addr) {
+        return kernel.MemoryLayout().GetLinearPhysicalAddress(addr);
+    }
+
+    static KVirtualAddress GetLinearMappedVirtualAddress(KernelCore& kernel,
+                                                         KPhysicalAddress addr) {
+        return kernel.MemoryLayout().GetLinearVirtualAddress(addr);
+    }
+
+    // Heap
+    static u8* GetHeapVirtualPointer(KernelCore& kernel, KPhysicalAddress addr) {
+        return kernel.System().DeviceMemory().GetPointer<u8>(addr);
+    }
+
+    static KPhysicalAddress GetHeapPhysicalAddress(KernelCore& kernel, KVirtualAddress addr) {
+        return GetLinearMappedPhysicalAddress(kernel, addr);
+    }
+
+    static KVirtualAddress GetHeapVirtualAddress(KernelCore& kernel, KPhysicalAddress addr) {
+        return GetLinearMappedVirtualAddress(kernel, addr);
+    }
+
+    // Member heap
+    u8* GetHeapVirtualPointer(KPhysicalAddress addr) {
+        return GetHeapVirtualPointer(m_kernel, addr);
+    }
+
+    KPhysicalAddress GetHeapPhysicalAddress(KVirtualAddress addr) {
+        return GetHeapPhysicalAddress(m_kernel, addr);
+    }
+
+    KVirtualAddress GetHeapVirtualAddress(KPhysicalAddress addr) {
+        return GetHeapVirtualAddress(m_kernel, addr);
+    }
+
+    // TODO: GetPageTableVirtualAddress
+    // TODO: GetPageTablePhysicalAddress
+};
+
+} // namespace Kernel

src/core/hle/kernel/k_process.cpp

@@ -298,9 +298,9 @@ Result KProcess::Initialize(const Svc::CreateProcessParameter& params, const KPa
         const bool enable_aslr = True(params.flags & Svc::CreateProcessFlag::EnableAslr);
         const bool enable_das_merge =
             False(params.flags & Svc::CreateProcessFlag::DisableDeviceAddressSpaceMerge);
-        R_TRY(m_page_table.InitializeForProcess(
-            as_type, enable_aslr, enable_das_merge, !enable_aslr, pool, params.code_address,
-            params.code_num_pages * PageSize, m_system_resource, res_limit, this->GetMemory()));
+        R_TRY(m_page_table.Initialize(as_type, enable_aslr, enable_das_merge, !enable_aslr, pool,
+                                      params.code_address, params.code_num_pages * PageSize,
+                                      m_system_resource, res_limit, this->GetMemory()));
     }
     ON_RESULT_FAILURE_2 {
         m_page_table.Finalize();
@@ -391,9 +391,9 @@ Result KProcess::Initialize(const Svc::CreateProcessParameter& params,
         const bool enable_aslr = True(params.flags & Svc::CreateProcessFlag::EnableAslr);
         const bool enable_das_merge =
             False(params.flags & Svc::CreateProcessFlag::DisableDeviceAddressSpaceMerge);
-        R_TRY(m_page_table.InitializeForProcess(as_type, enable_aslr, enable_das_merge,
-                                                !enable_aslr, pool, params.code_address, code_size,
-                                                m_system_resource, res_limit, this->GetMemory()));
+        R_TRY(m_page_table.Initialize(as_type, enable_aslr, enable_das_merge, !enable_aslr, pool,
+                                      params.code_address, code_size, m_system_resource, res_limit,
+                                      this->GetMemory()));
     }
     ON_RESULT_FAILURE_2 {
         m_page_table.Finalize();
@@ -1122,9 +1122,9 @@ Result KProcess::GetThreadList(s32* out_num_threads, KProcessAddress out_thread_
 void KProcess::Switch(KProcess* cur_process, KProcess* next_process) {}
 
 KProcess::KProcess(KernelCore& kernel)
-    : KAutoObjectWithSlabHeapAndContainer(kernel), m_page_table{kernel.System()},
-      m_state_lock{kernel}, m_list_lock{kernel}, m_cond_var{kernel.System()},
-      m_address_arbiter{kernel.System()}, m_handle_table{kernel} {}
+    : KAutoObjectWithSlabHeapAndContainer(kernel), m_page_table{kernel}, m_state_lock{kernel},
+      m_list_lock{kernel}, m_cond_var{kernel.System()}, m_address_arbiter{kernel.System()},
+      m_handle_table{kernel} {}
 KProcess::~KProcess() = default;
 
 Result KProcess::LoadFromMetadata(const FileSys::ProgramMetadata& metadata, std::size_t code_size,

src/core/hle/kernel/k_process.h

@@ -5,13 +5,14 @@
 
 #include <map>
 
+#include "core/file_sys/program_metadata.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/code_set.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_address_arbiter.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_capabilities.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_condition_variable.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_handle_table.h"
-#include "core/hle/kernel/k_page_table.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_page_table_manager.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_process_page_table.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_system_resource.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_thread.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_thread_local_page.h"
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ private:
     using TLPIterator = TLPTree::iterator;
 
 private:
-    KPageTable m_page_table;
+    KProcessPageTable m_page_table;
     std::atomic<size_t> m_used_kernel_memory_size{};
     TLPTree m_fully_used_tlp_tree{};
     TLPTree m_partially_used_tlp_tree{};
@@ -254,9 +255,8 @@ public:
         return m_is_hbl;
     }
 
-    Kernel::KMemoryManager::Direction GetAllocateOption() const {
-        // TODO: property of the KPageTableBase
-        return KMemoryManager::Direction::FromFront;
+    u32 GetAllocateOption() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetAllocateOption();
     }
 
     ThreadList& GetThreadList() {
@@ -295,10 +295,10 @@ public:
         return m_list_lock;
     }
 
-    KPageTable& GetPageTable() {
+    KProcessPageTable& GetPageTable() {
         return m_page_table;
     }
-    const KPageTable& GetPageTable() const {
+    const KProcessPageTable& GetPageTable() const {
         return m_page_table;
     }
 

src/core/hle/kernel/k_process_page_table.h

@@ -0,0 +1,480 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_page_table.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_scoped_lock.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/svc_types.h"
+
+namespace Core {
+class ARM_Interface;
+}
+
+namespace Kernel {
+
+class KProcessPageTable {
+private:
+    KPageTable m_page_table;
+
+public:
+    KProcessPageTable(KernelCore& kernel) : m_page_table(kernel) {}
+
+    Result Initialize(Svc::CreateProcessFlag as_type, bool enable_aslr, bool enable_das_merge,
+                      bool from_back, KMemoryManager::Pool pool, KProcessAddress code_address,
+                      size_t code_size, KSystemResource* system_resource,
+                      KResourceLimit* resource_limit, Core::Memory::Memory& memory) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.InitializeForProcess(as_type, enable_aslr, enable_das_merge,
+                                                   from_back, pool, code_address, code_size,
+                                                   system_resource, resource_limit, memory));
+    }
+
+    void Finalize() {
+        m_page_table.Finalize();
+    }
+
+    Core::Memory::Memory& GetMemory() {
+        return m_page_table.GetMemory();
+    }
+
+    Core::Memory::Memory& GetMemory() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetMemory();
+    }
+
+    Common::PageTable& GetImpl() {
+        return m_page_table.GetImpl();
+    }
+
+    Common::PageTable& GetImpl() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetImpl();
+    }
+
+    size_t GetNumGuardPages() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetNumGuardPages();
+    }
+
+    KScopedLightLock AcquireDeviceMapLock() {
+        return m_page_table.AcquireDeviceMapLock();
+    }
+
+    Result SetMemoryPermission(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, Svc::MemoryPermission perm) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.SetMemoryPermission(addr, size, perm));
+    }
+
+    Result SetProcessMemoryPermission(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size,
+                                      Svc::MemoryPermission perm) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.SetProcessMemoryPermission(addr, size, perm));
+    }
+
+    Result SetMemoryAttribute(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, KMemoryAttribute mask,
+                              KMemoryAttribute attr) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.SetMemoryAttribute(addr, size, mask, attr));
+    }
+
+    Result SetHeapSize(KProcessAddress* out, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.SetHeapSize(out, size));
+    }
+
+    Result SetMaxHeapSize(size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.SetMaxHeapSize(size));
+    }
+
+    Result QueryInfo(KMemoryInfo* out_info, Svc::PageInfo* out_page_info,
+                     KProcessAddress addr) const {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.QueryInfo(out_info, out_page_info, addr));
+    }
+
+    Result QueryPhysicalAddress(Svc::lp64::PhysicalMemoryInfo* out, KProcessAddress address) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.QueryPhysicalAddress(out, address));
+    }
+
+    Result QueryStaticMapping(KProcessAddress* out, KPhysicalAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.QueryStaticMapping(out, address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result QueryIoMapping(KProcessAddress* out, KPhysicalAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.QueryIoMapping(out, address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result MapMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.MapMemory(dst_address, src_address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result UnmapMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.UnmapMemory(dst_address, src_address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result MapCodeMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.MapCodeMemory(dst_address, src_address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result UnmapCodeMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.UnmapCodeMemory(dst_address, src_address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result MapIo(KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, size_t size, KMemoryPermission perm) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.MapIo(phys_addr, size, perm));
+    }
+
+    Result MapIoRegion(KProcessAddress dst_address, KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, size_t size,
+                       Svc::MemoryMapping mapping, Svc::MemoryPermission perm) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.MapIoRegion(dst_address, phys_addr, size, mapping, perm));
+    }
+
+    Result UnmapIoRegion(KProcessAddress dst_address, KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, size_t size,
+                         Svc::MemoryMapping mapping) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.UnmapIoRegion(dst_address, phys_addr, size, mapping));
+    }
+
+    Result MapStatic(KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, size_t size, KMemoryPermission perm) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.MapStatic(phys_addr, size, perm));
+    }
+
+    Result MapRegion(KMemoryRegionType region_type, KMemoryPermission perm) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.MapRegion(region_type, perm));
+    }
+
+    Result MapInsecureMemory(KProcessAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.MapInsecureMemory(address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result UnmapInsecureMemory(KProcessAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.UnmapInsecureMemory(address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result MapPageGroup(KProcessAddress addr, const KPageGroup& pg, KMemoryState state,
+                        KMemoryPermission perm) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.MapPageGroup(addr, pg, state, perm));
+    }
+
+    Result UnmapPageGroup(KProcessAddress address, const KPageGroup& pg, KMemoryState state) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.UnmapPageGroup(address, pg, state));
+    }
+
+    Result MapPages(KProcessAddress* out_addr, size_t num_pages, size_t alignment,
+                    KPhysicalAddress phys_addr, KMemoryState state, KMemoryPermission perm) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.MapPages(out_addr, num_pages, alignment, phys_addr, state, perm));
+    }
+
+    Result MapPages(KProcessAddress* out_addr, size_t num_pages, KMemoryState state,
+                    KMemoryPermission perm) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.MapPages(out_addr, num_pages, state, perm));
+    }
+
+    Result MapPages(KProcessAddress address, size_t num_pages, KMemoryState state,
+                    KMemoryPermission perm) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.MapPages(address, num_pages, state, perm));
+    }
+
+    Result UnmapPages(KProcessAddress addr, size_t num_pages, KMemoryState state) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.UnmapPages(addr, num_pages, state));
+    }
+
+    Result MakeAndOpenPageGroup(KPageGroup* out, KProcessAddress address, size_t num_pages,
+                                KMemoryState state_mask, KMemoryState state,
+                                KMemoryPermission perm_mask, KMemoryPermission perm,
+                                KMemoryAttribute attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute attr) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.MakeAndOpenPageGroup(out, address, num_pages, state_mask, state,
+                                                   perm_mask, perm, attr_mask, attr));
+    }
+
+    Result InvalidateProcessDataCache(KProcessAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.InvalidateProcessDataCache(address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result ReadDebugMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.ReadDebugMemory(dst_address, src_address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result ReadDebugIoMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size,
+                             KMemoryState state) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.ReadDebugIoMemory(dst_address, src_address, size, state));
+    }
+
+    Result WriteDebugMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.WriteDebugMemory(dst_address, src_address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result WriteDebugIoMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, KProcessAddress src_address, size_t size,
+                              KMemoryState state) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.WriteDebugIoMemory(dst_address, src_address, size, state));
+    }
+
+    Result LockForMapDeviceAddressSpace(bool* out_is_io, KProcessAddress address, size_t size,
+                                        KMemoryPermission perm, bool is_aligned, bool check_heap) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.LockForMapDeviceAddressSpace(out_is_io, address, size, perm,
+                                                           is_aligned, check_heap));
+    }
+
+    Result LockForUnmapDeviceAddressSpace(KProcessAddress address, size_t size, bool check_heap) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.LockForUnmapDeviceAddressSpace(address, size, check_heap));
+    }
+
+    Result UnlockForDeviceAddressSpace(KProcessAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.UnlockForDeviceAddressSpace(address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result UnlockForDeviceAddressSpacePartialMap(KProcessAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.UnlockForDeviceAddressSpacePartialMap(address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result OpenMemoryRangeForMapDeviceAddressSpace(KPageTableBase::MemoryRange* out,
+                                                   KProcessAddress address, size_t size,
+                                                   KMemoryPermission perm, bool is_aligned) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.OpenMemoryRangeForMapDeviceAddressSpace(out, address, size, perm,
+                                                                      is_aligned));
+    }
+
+    Result OpenMemoryRangeForUnmapDeviceAddressSpace(KPageTableBase::MemoryRange* out,
+                                                     KProcessAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.OpenMemoryRangeForUnmapDeviceAddressSpace(out, address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result LockForIpcUserBuffer(KPhysicalAddress* out, KProcessAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.LockForIpcUserBuffer(out, address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result UnlockForIpcUserBuffer(KProcessAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.UnlockForIpcUserBuffer(address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result LockForTransferMemory(KPageGroup* out, KProcessAddress address, size_t size,
+                                 KMemoryPermission perm) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.LockForTransferMemory(out, address, size, perm));
+    }
+
+    Result UnlockForTransferMemory(KProcessAddress address, size_t size, const KPageGroup& pg) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.UnlockForTransferMemory(address, size, pg));
+    }
+
+    Result LockForCodeMemory(KPageGroup* out, KProcessAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.LockForCodeMemory(out, address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result UnlockForCodeMemory(KProcessAddress address, size_t size, const KPageGroup& pg) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.UnlockForCodeMemory(address, size, pg));
+    }
+
+    Result OpenMemoryRangeForProcessCacheOperation(KPageTableBase::MemoryRange* out,
+                                                   KProcessAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.OpenMemoryRangeForProcessCacheOperation(out, address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result CopyMemoryFromLinearToUser(KProcessAddress dst_addr, size_t size,
+                                      KProcessAddress src_addr, KMemoryState src_state_mask,
+                                      KMemoryState src_state, KMemoryPermission src_test_perm,
+                                      KMemoryAttribute src_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute src_attr) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.CopyMemoryFromLinearToUser(dst_addr, size, src_addr, src_state_mask,
+                                                         src_state, src_test_perm, src_attr_mask,
+                                                         src_attr));
+    }
+
+    Result CopyMemoryFromLinearToKernel(void* dst_addr, size_t size, KProcessAddress src_addr,
+                                        KMemoryState src_state_mask, KMemoryState src_state,
+                                        KMemoryPermission src_test_perm,
+                                        KMemoryAttribute src_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute src_attr) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.CopyMemoryFromLinearToKernel(dst_addr, size, src_addr, src_state_mask,
+                                                           src_state, src_test_perm, src_attr_mask,
+                                                           src_attr));
+    }
+
+    Result CopyMemoryFromUserToLinear(KProcessAddress dst_addr, size_t size,
+                                      KMemoryState dst_state_mask, KMemoryState dst_state,
+                                      KMemoryPermission dst_test_perm,
+                                      KMemoryAttribute dst_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute dst_attr,
+                                      KProcessAddress src_addr) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.CopyMemoryFromUserToLinear(dst_addr, size, dst_state_mask, dst_state,
+                                                         dst_test_perm, dst_attr_mask, dst_attr,
+                                                         src_addr));
+    }
+
+    Result CopyMemoryFromKernelToLinear(KProcessAddress dst_addr, size_t size,
+                                        KMemoryState dst_state_mask, KMemoryState dst_state,
+                                        KMemoryPermission dst_test_perm,
+                                        KMemoryAttribute dst_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute dst_attr,
+                                        void* src_addr) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.CopyMemoryFromKernelToLinear(dst_addr, size, dst_state_mask,
+                                                           dst_state, dst_test_perm, dst_attr_mask,
+                                                           dst_attr, src_addr));
+    }
+
+    Result CopyMemoryFromHeapToHeap(KProcessPageTable& dst_page_table, KProcessAddress dst_addr,
+                                    size_t size, KMemoryState dst_state_mask,
+                                    KMemoryState dst_state, KMemoryPermission dst_test_perm,
+                                    KMemoryAttribute dst_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute dst_attr,
+                                    KProcessAddress src_addr, KMemoryState src_state_mask,
+                                    KMemoryState src_state, KMemoryPermission src_test_perm,
+                                    KMemoryAttribute src_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute src_attr) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.CopyMemoryFromHeapToHeap(
+            dst_page_table.m_page_table, dst_addr, size, dst_state_mask, dst_state, dst_test_perm,
+            dst_attr_mask, dst_attr, src_addr, src_state_mask, src_state, src_test_perm,
+            src_attr_mask, src_attr));
+    }
+
+    Result CopyMemoryFromHeapToHeapWithoutCheckDestination(
+        KProcessPageTable& dst_page_table, KProcessAddress dst_addr, size_t size,
+        KMemoryState dst_state_mask, KMemoryState dst_state, KMemoryPermission dst_test_perm,
+        KMemoryAttribute dst_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute dst_attr, KProcessAddress src_addr,
+        KMemoryState src_state_mask, KMemoryState src_state, KMemoryPermission src_test_perm,
+        KMemoryAttribute src_attr_mask, KMemoryAttribute src_attr) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.CopyMemoryFromHeapToHeapWithoutCheckDestination(
+            dst_page_table.m_page_table, dst_addr, size, dst_state_mask, dst_state, dst_test_perm,
+            dst_attr_mask, dst_attr, src_addr, src_state_mask, src_state, src_test_perm,
+            src_attr_mask, src_attr));
+    }
+
+    Result SetupForIpc(KProcessAddress* out_dst_addr, size_t size, KProcessAddress src_addr,
+                       KProcessPageTable& src_page_table, KMemoryPermission test_perm,
+                       KMemoryState dst_state, bool send) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.SetupForIpc(out_dst_addr, size, src_addr, src_page_table.m_page_table,
+                                          test_perm, dst_state, send));
+    }
+
+    Result CleanupForIpcServer(KProcessAddress address, size_t size, KMemoryState dst_state) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.CleanupForIpcServer(address, size, dst_state));
+    }
+
+    Result CleanupForIpcClient(KProcessAddress address, size_t size, KMemoryState dst_state) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.CleanupForIpcClient(address, size, dst_state));
+    }
+
+    Result MapPhysicalMemory(KProcessAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.MapPhysicalMemory(address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result UnmapPhysicalMemory(KProcessAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.UnmapPhysicalMemory(address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result MapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe(KProcessAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.MapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe(address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result UnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe(KProcessAddress address, size_t size) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.UnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe(address, size));
+    }
+
+    Result UnmapProcessMemory(KProcessAddress dst_address, size_t size,
+                              KProcessPageTable& src_page_table, KProcessAddress src_address) {
+        R_RETURN(m_page_table.UnmapProcessMemory(dst_address, size, src_page_table.m_page_table,
+                                                 src_address));
+    }
+
+    bool GetPhysicalAddress(KPhysicalAddress* out, KProcessAddress address) {
+        return m_page_table.GetPhysicalAddress(out, address);
+    }
+
+    bool Contains(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size) const {
+        return m_page_table.Contains(addr, size);
+    }
+
+    bool IsInAliasRegion(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size) const {
+        return m_page_table.IsInAliasRegion(addr, size);
+    }
+    bool IsInHeapRegion(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size) const {
+        return m_page_table.IsInHeapRegion(addr, size);
+    }
+    bool IsInUnsafeAliasRegion(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size) const {
+        return m_page_table.IsInUnsafeAliasRegion(addr, size);
+    }
+
+    bool CanContain(KProcessAddress addr, size_t size, KMemoryState state) const {
+        return m_page_table.CanContain(addr, size, state);
+    }
+
+    KProcessAddress GetAddressSpaceStart() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetAddressSpaceStart();
+    }
+    KProcessAddress GetHeapRegionStart() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetHeapRegionStart();
+    }
+    KProcessAddress GetAliasRegionStart() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetAliasRegionStart();
+    }
+    KProcessAddress GetStackRegionStart() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetStackRegionStart();
+    }
+    KProcessAddress GetKernelMapRegionStart() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetKernelMapRegionStart();
+    }
+    KProcessAddress GetCodeRegionStart() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetCodeRegionStart();
+    }
+    KProcessAddress GetAliasCodeRegionStart() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetAliasCodeRegionStart();
+    }
+
+    size_t GetAddressSpaceSize() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetAddressSpaceSize();
+    }
+    size_t GetHeapRegionSize() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetHeapRegionSize();
+    }
+    size_t GetAliasRegionSize() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetAliasRegionSize();
+    }
+    size_t GetStackRegionSize() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetStackRegionSize();
+    }
+    size_t GetKernelMapRegionSize() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetKernelMapRegionSize();
+    }
+    size_t GetCodeRegionSize() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetCodeRegionSize();
+    }
+    size_t GetAliasCodeRegionSize() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetAliasCodeRegionSize();
+    }
+
+    size_t GetNormalMemorySize() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetNormalMemorySize();
+    }
+
+    size_t GetCodeSize() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetCodeSize();
+    }
+    size_t GetCodeDataSize() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetCodeDataSize();
+    }
+
+    size_t GetAliasCodeSize() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetAliasCodeSize();
+    }
+    size_t GetAliasCodeDataSize() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetAliasCodeDataSize();
+    }
+
+    u32 GetAllocateOption() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetAllocateOption();
+    }
+
+    u32 GetAddressSpaceWidth() const {
+        return m_page_table.GetAddressSpaceWidth();
+    }
+
+    KPhysicalAddress GetHeapPhysicalAddress(KVirtualAddress address) {
+        return m_page_table.GetHeapPhysicalAddress(address);
+    }
+
+    u8* GetHeapVirtualPointer(KPhysicalAddress address) {
+        return m_page_table.GetHeapVirtualPointer(address);
+    }
+
+    KVirtualAddress GetHeapVirtualAddress(KPhysicalAddress address) {
+        return m_page_table.GetHeapVirtualAddress(address);
+    }
+
+    KBlockInfoManager* GetBlockInfoManager() {
+        return m_page_table.GetBlockInfoManager();
+    }
+
+    KPageTable& GetBasePageTable() {
+        return m_page_table;
+    }
+
+    const KPageTable& GetBasePageTable() const {
+        return m_page_table;
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace Kernel

src/core/hle/kernel/k_server_session.cpp

@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ Result KServerSession::SendReply(bool is_hle) {
         if (event != nullptr) {
             // // Get the client process/page table.
             // KProcess *client_process             = client_thread->GetOwnerProcess();
-            // KPageTable *client_page_table        = std::addressof(client_process->PageTable());
+            // KProcessPageTable *client_page_table = std::addressof(client_process->PageTable());
 
             // // If we need to, reply with an async error.
             // if (R_FAILED(client_result)) {

src/core/hle/kernel/k_system_resource.cpp

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Result KSecureSystemResource::Initialize(size_t size, KResourceLimit* resource_l
 
     // Get resource pointer.
     KPhysicalAddress resource_paddr =
-        KPageTable::GetHeapPhysicalAddress(m_kernel.MemoryLayout(), m_resource_address);
+        KPageTable::GetHeapPhysicalAddress(m_kernel, m_resource_address);
     auto* resource =
         m_kernel.System().DeviceMemory().GetPointer<KPageTableManager::RefCount>(resource_paddr);
 

src/core/hle/kernel/k_thread_local_page.cpp

@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ Result KThreadLocalPage::Initialize(KernelCore& kernel, KProcess* process) {
 
 Result KThreadLocalPage::Finalize() {
     // Get the physical address of the page.
-    const KPhysicalAddress phys_addr = m_owner->GetPageTable().GetPhysicalAddr(m_virt_addr);
-    ASSERT(phys_addr);
+    KPhysicalAddress phys_addr{};
+    ASSERT(m_owner->GetPageTable().GetPhysicalAddress(std::addressof(phys_addr), m_virt_addr));
 
     // Unmap the page.
     R_TRY(m_owner->GetPageTable().UnmapPages(this->GetAddress(), 1, KMemoryState::ThreadLocal));

src/core/hle/kernel/process_capability.cpp

@@ -1,389 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
-
-#include <bit>
-
-#include "common/bit_util.h"
-#include "common/logging/log.h"
-#include "core/hle/kernel/k_handle_table.h"
-#include "core/hle/kernel/k_page_table.h"
-#include "core/hle/kernel/process_capability.h"
-#include "core/hle/kernel/svc_results.h"
-
-namespace Kernel {
-namespace {
-
-// clang-format off
-
-// Shift offsets for kernel capability types.
-enum : u32 {
-    CapabilityOffset_PriorityAndCoreNum = 3,
-    CapabilityOffset_Syscall            = 4,
-    CapabilityOffset_MapPhysical        = 6,
-    CapabilityOffset_MapIO              = 7,
-    CapabilityOffset_MapRegion          = 10,
-    CapabilityOffset_Interrupt          = 11,
-    CapabilityOffset_ProgramType        = 13,
-    CapabilityOffset_KernelVersion      = 14,
-    CapabilityOffset_HandleTableSize    = 15,
-    CapabilityOffset_Debug              = 16,
-};
-
-// Combined mask of all parameters that may be initialized only once.
-constexpr u32 InitializeOnceMask = (1U << CapabilityOffset_PriorityAndCoreNum) |
-                                   (1U << CapabilityOffset_ProgramType) |
-                                   (1U << CapabilityOffset_KernelVersion) |
-                                   (1U << CapabilityOffset_HandleTableSize) |
-                                   (1U << CapabilityOffset_Debug);
-
-// Packed kernel version indicating 10.4.0
-constexpr u32 PackedKernelVersion = 0x520000;
-
-// Indicates possible types of capabilities that can be specified.
-enum class CapabilityType : u32 {
-    Unset              = 0U,
-    PriorityAndCoreNum = (1U << CapabilityOffset_PriorityAndCoreNum) - 1,
-    Syscall            = (1U << CapabilityOffset_Syscall) - 1,
-    MapPhysical        = (1U << CapabilityOffset_MapPhysical) - 1,
-    MapIO              = (1U << CapabilityOffset_MapIO) - 1,
-    MapRegion          = (1U << CapabilityOffset_MapRegion) - 1,
-    Interrupt          = (1U << CapabilityOffset_Interrupt) - 1,
-    ProgramType        = (1U << CapabilityOffset_ProgramType) - 1,
-    KernelVersion      = (1U << CapabilityOffset_KernelVersion) - 1,
-    HandleTableSize    = (1U << CapabilityOffset_HandleTableSize) - 1,
-    Debug              = (1U << CapabilityOffset_Debug) - 1,
-    Ignorable          = 0xFFFFFFFFU,
-};
-
-// clang-format on
-
-constexpr CapabilityType GetCapabilityType(u32 value) {
-    return static_cast<CapabilityType>((~value & (value + 1)) - 1);
-}
-
-u32 GetFlagBitOffset(CapabilityType type) {
-    const auto value = static_cast<u32>(type);
-    return static_cast<u32>(Common::BitSize<u32>() - static_cast<u32>(std::countl_zero(value)));
-}
-
-} // Anonymous namespace
-
-Result ProcessCapabilities::InitializeForKernelProcess(const u32* capabilities,
-                                                       std::size_t num_capabilities,
-                                                       KPageTable& page_table) {
-    Clear();
-
-    // Allow all cores and priorities.
-    core_mask = 0xF;
-    priority_mask = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF;
-    kernel_version = PackedKernelVersion;
-
-    return ParseCapabilities(capabilities, num_capabilities, page_table);
-}
-
-Result ProcessCapabilities::InitializeForUserProcess(const u32* capabilities,
-                                                     std::size_t num_capabilities,
-                                                     KPageTable& page_table) {
-    Clear();
-
-    return ParseCapabilities(capabilities, num_capabilities, page_table);
-}
-
-void ProcessCapabilities::InitializeForMetadatalessProcess() {
-    // Allow all cores and priorities
-    core_mask = 0xF;
-    priority_mask = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF;
-    kernel_version = PackedKernelVersion;
-
-    // Allow all system calls and interrupts.
-    svc_capabilities.set();
-    interrupt_capabilities.set();
-
-    // Allow using the maximum possible amount of handles
-    handle_table_size = static_cast<s32>(KHandleTable::MaxTableSize);
-
-    // Allow all debugging capabilities.
-    is_debuggable = true;
-    can_force_debug = true;
-}
-
-Result ProcessCapabilities::ParseCapabilities(const u32* capabilities, std::size_t num_capabilities,
-                                              KPageTable& page_table) {
-    u32 set_flags = 0;
-    u32 set_svc_bits = 0;
-
-    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < num_capabilities; ++i) {
-        const u32 descriptor = capabilities[i];
-        const auto type = GetCapabilityType(descriptor);
-
-        if (type == CapabilityType::MapPhysical) {
-            i++;
-
-            // The MapPhysical type uses two descriptor flags for its parameters.
-            // If there's only one, then there's a problem.
-            if (i >= num_capabilities) {
-                LOG_ERROR(Kernel, "Invalid combination! i={}", i);
-                return ResultInvalidCombination;
-            }
-
-            const auto size_flags = capabilities[i];
-            if (GetCapabilityType(size_flags) != CapabilityType::MapPhysical) {
-                LOG_ERROR(Kernel, "Invalid capability type! size_flags={}", size_flags);
-                return ResultInvalidCombination;
-            }
-
-            const auto result = HandleMapPhysicalFlags(descriptor, size_flags, page_table);
-            if (result.IsError()) {
-                LOG_ERROR(Kernel, "Failed to map physical flags! descriptor={}, size_flags={}",
-                          descriptor, size_flags);
-                return result;
-            }
-        } else {
-            const auto result =
-                ParseSingleFlagCapability(set_flags, set_svc_bits, descriptor, page_table);
-            if (result.IsError()) {
-                LOG_ERROR(
-                    Kernel,
-                    "Failed to parse capability flag! set_flags={}, set_svc_bits={}, descriptor={}",
-                    set_flags, set_svc_bits, descriptor);
-                return result;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    return ResultSuccess;
-}
-
-Result ProcessCapabilities::ParseSingleFlagCapability(u32& set_flags, u32& set_svc_bits, u32 flag,
-                                                      KPageTable& page_table) {
-    const auto type = GetCapabilityType(flag);
-
-    if (type == CapabilityType::Unset) {
-        return ResultInvalidArgument;
-    }
-
-    // Bail early on ignorable entries, as one would expect,
-    // ignorable descriptors can be ignored.
-    if (type == CapabilityType::Ignorable) {
-        return ResultSuccess;
-    }
-
-    // Ensure that the give flag hasn't already been initialized before.
-    // If it has been, then bail.
-    const u32 flag_length = GetFlagBitOffset(type);
-    const u32 set_flag = 1U << flag_length;
-    if ((set_flag & set_flags & InitializeOnceMask) != 0) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Kernel,
-                  "Attempted to initialize flags that may only be initialized once. set_flags={}",
-                  set_flags);
-        return ResultInvalidCombination;
-    }
-    set_flags |= set_flag;
-
-    switch (type) {
-    case CapabilityType::PriorityAndCoreNum:
-        return HandlePriorityCoreNumFlags(flag);
-    case CapabilityType::Syscall:
-        return HandleSyscallFlags(set_svc_bits, flag);
-    case CapabilityType::MapIO:
-        return HandleMapIOFlags(flag, page_table);
-    case CapabilityType::MapRegion:
-        return HandleMapRegionFlags(flag, page_table);
-    case CapabilityType::Interrupt:
-        return HandleInterruptFlags(flag);
-    case CapabilityType::ProgramType:
-        return HandleProgramTypeFlags(flag);
-    case CapabilityType::KernelVersion:
-        return HandleKernelVersionFlags(flag);
-    case CapabilityType::HandleTableSize:
-        return HandleHandleTableFlags(flag);
-    case CapabilityType::Debug:
-        return HandleDebugFlags(flag);
-    default:
-        break;
-    }
-
-    LOG_ERROR(Kernel, "Invalid capability type! type={}", type);
-    return ResultInvalidArgument;
-}
-
-void ProcessCapabilities::Clear() {
-    svc_capabilities.reset();
-    interrupt_capabilities.reset();
-
-    core_mask = 0;
-    priority_mask = 0;
-
-    handle_table_size = 0;
-    kernel_version = 0;
-
-    program_type = ProgramType::SysModule;
-
-    is_debuggable = false;
-    can_force_debug = false;
-}
-
-Result ProcessCapabilities::HandlePriorityCoreNumFlags(u32 flags) {
-    if (priority_mask != 0 || core_mask != 0) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Kernel, "Core or priority mask are not zero! priority_mask={}, core_mask={}",
-                  priority_mask, core_mask);
-        return ResultInvalidArgument;
-    }
-
-    const u32 core_num_min = (flags >> 16) & 0xFF;
-    const u32 core_num_max = (flags >> 24) & 0xFF;
-    if (core_num_min > core_num_max) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Kernel, "Core min is greater than core max! core_num_min={}, core_num_max={}",
-                  core_num_min, core_num_max);
-        return ResultInvalidCombination;
-    }
-
-    const u32 priority_min = (flags >> 10) & 0x3F;
-    const u32 priority_max = (flags >> 4) & 0x3F;
-    if (priority_min > priority_max) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Kernel,
-                  "Priority min is greater than priority max! priority_min={}, priority_max={}",
-                  core_num_min, priority_max);
-        return ResultInvalidCombination;
-    }
-
-    // The switch only has 4 usable cores.
-    if (core_num_max >= 4) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Kernel, "Invalid max cores specified! core_num_max={}", core_num_max);
-        return ResultInvalidCoreId;
-    }
-
-    const auto make_mask = [](u64 min, u64 max) {
-        const u64 range = max - min + 1;
-        const u64 mask = (1ULL << range) - 1;
-
-        return mask << min;
-    };
-
-    core_mask = make_mask(core_num_min, core_num_max);
-    priority_mask = make_mask(priority_min, priority_max);
-    return ResultSuccess;
-}
-
-Result ProcessCapabilities::HandleSyscallFlags(u32& set_svc_bits, u32 flags) {
-    const u32 index = flags >> 29;
-    const u32 svc_bit = 1U << index;
-
-    // If we've already set this svc before, bail.
-    if ((set_svc_bits & svc_bit) != 0) {
-        return ResultInvalidCombination;
-    }
-    set_svc_bits |= svc_bit;
-
-    const u32 svc_mask = (flags >> 5) & 0xFFFFFF;
-    for (u32 i = 0; i < 24; ++i) {
-        const u32 svc_number = index * 24 + i;
-
-        if ((svc_mask & (1U << i)) == 0) {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        svc_capabilities[svc_number] = true;
-    }
-
-    return ResultSuccess;
-}
-
-Result ProcessCapabilities::HandleMapPhysicalFlags(u32 flags, u32 size_flags,
-                                                   KPageTable& page_table) {
-    // TODO(Lioncache): Implement once the memory manager can handle this.
-    return ResultSuccess;
-}
-
-Result ProcessCapabilities::HandleMapIOFlags(u32 flags, KPageTable& page_table) {
-    // TODO(Lioncache): Implement once the memory manager can handle this.
-    return ResultSuccess;
-}
-
-Result ProcessCapabilities::HandleMapRegionFlags(u32 flags, KPageTable& page_table) {
-    // TODO(Lioncache): Implement once the memory manager can handle this.
-    return ResultSuccess;
-}
-
-Result ProcessCapabilities::HandleInterruptFlags(u32 flags) {
-    constexpr u32 interrupt_ignore_value = 0x3FF;
-    const u32 interrupt0 = (flags >> 12) & 0x3FF;
-    const u32 interrupt1 = (flags >> 22) & 0x3FF;
-
-    for (u32 interrupt : {interrupt0, interrupt1}) {
-        if (interrupt == interrupt_ignore_value) {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        // NOTE:
-        // This should be checking a generic interrupt controller value
-        // as part of the calculation, however, given we don't currently
-        // emulate that, it's sufficient to mark every interrupt as defined.
-
-        if (interrupt >= interrupt_capabilities.size()) {
-            LOG_ERROR(Kernel, "Process interrupt capability is out of range! svc_number={}",
-                      interrupt);
-            return ResultOutOfRange;
-        }
-
-        interrupt_capabilities[interrupt] = true;
-    }
-
-    return ResultSuccess;
-}
-
-Result ProcessCapabilities::HandleProgramTypeFlags(u32 flags) {
-    const u32 reserved = flags >> 17;
-    if (reserved != 0) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Kernel, "Reserved value is non-zero! reserved={}", reserved);
-        return ResultReservedUsed;
-    }
-
-    program_type = static_cast<ProgramType>((flags >> 14) & 0b111);
-    return ResultSuccess;
-}
-
-Result ProcessCapabilities::HandleKernelVersionFlags(u32 flags) {
-    // Yes, the internal member variable is checked in the actual kernel here.
-    // This might look odd for options that are only allowed to be initialized
-    // just once, however the kernel has a separate initialization function for
-    // kernel processes and userland processes. The kernel variant sets this
-    // member variable ahead of time.
-
-    const u32 major_version = kernel_version >> 19;
-
-    if (major_version != 0 || flags < 0x80000) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Kernel,
-                  "Kernel version is non zero or flags are too small! major_version={}, flags={}",
-                  major_version, flags);
-        return ResultInvalidArgument;
-    }
-
-    kernel_version = flags;
-    return ResultSuccess;
-}
-
-Result ProcessCapabilities::HandleHandleTableFlags(u32 flags) {
-    const u32 reserved = flags >> 26;
-    if (reserved != 0) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Kernel, "Reserved value is non-zero! reserved={}", reserved);
-        return ResultReservedUsed;
-    }
-
-    handle_table_size = static_cast<s32>((flags >> 16) & 0x3FF);
-    return ResultSuccess;
-}
-
-Result ProcessCapabilities::HandleDebugFlags(u32 flags) {
-    const u32 reserved = flags >> 19;
-    if (reserved != 0) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Kernel, "Reserved value is non-zero! reserved={}", reserved);
-        return ResultReservedUsed;
-    }
-
-    is_debuggable = (flags & 0x20000) != 0;
-    can_force_debug = (flags & 0x40000) != 0;
-    return ResultSuccess;
-}
-
-} // namespace Kernel

src/core/hle/kernel/process_capability.h

@@ -1,266 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <bitset>
-
-#include "common/common_types.h"
-
-union Result;
-
-namespace Kernel {
-
-class KPageTable;
-
-/// The possible types of programs that may be indicated
-/// by the program type capability descriptor.
-enum class ProgramType {
-    SysModule,
-    Application,
-    Applet,
-};
-
-/// Handles kernel capability descriptors that are provided by
-/// application metadata. These descriptors provide information
-/// that alters certain parameters for kernel process instance
-/// that will run said application (or applet).
-///
-/// Capabilities are a sequence of flag descriptors, that indicate various
-/// configurations and constraints for a particular process.
-///
-/// Flag types are indicated by a sequence of set low bits. E.g. the
-/// types are indicated with the low bits as follows (where x indicates "don't care"):
-///
-/// - Priority and core mask   : 0bxxxxxxxxxxxx0111
-/// - Allowed service call mask: 0bxxxxxxxxxxx01111
-/// - Map physical memory      : 0bxxxxxxxxx0111111
-/// - Map IO memory            : 0bxxxxxxxx01111111
-/// - Interrupts               : 0bxxxx011111111111
-/// - Application type         : 0bxx01111111111111
-/// - Kernel version           : 0bx011111111111111
-/// - Handle table size        : 0b0111111111111111
-/// - Debugger flags           : 0b1111111111111111
-///
-/// These are essentially a bit offset subtracted by 1 to create a mask.
-/// e.g. The first entry in the above list is simply bit 3 (value 8 -> 0b1000)
-///      subtracted by one (7 -> 0b0111)
-///
-/// An example of a bit layout (using the map physical layout):
-/// <example>
-///   The MapPhysical type indicates a sequence entry pair of:
-///
-///   [initial, memory_flags], where:
-///
-///   initial:
-///     bits:
-///       7-24: Starting page to map memory at.
-///       25  : Indicates if the memory should be mapped as read only.
-///
-///   memory_flags:
-///     bits:
-///       7-20 : Number of pages to map
-///       21-25: Seems to be reserved (still checked against though)
-///       26   : Whether or not the memory being mapped is IO memory, or physical memory
-/// </example>
-///
-class ProcessCapabilities {
-public:
-    using InterruptCapabilities = std::bitset<1024>;
-    using SyscallCapabilities = std::bitset<192>;
-
-    ProcessCapabilities() = default;
-    ProcessCapabilities(const ProcessCapabilities&) = delete;
-    ProcessCapabilities(ProcessCapabilities&&) = default;
-
-    ProcessCapabilities& operator=(const ProcessCapabilities&) = delete;
-    ProcessCapabilities& operator=(ProcessCapabilities&&) = default;
-
-    /// Initializes this process capabilities instance for a kernel process.
-    ///
-    /// @param capabilities     The capabilities to parse
-    /// @param num_capabilities The number of capabilities to parse.
-    /// @param page_table       The memory manager to use for handling any mapping-related
-    ///                         operations (such as mapping IO memory, etc).
-    ///
-    /// @returns ResultSuccess if this capabilities instance was able to be initialized,
-    ///          otherwise, an error code upon failure.
-    ///
-    Result InitializeForKernelProcess(const u32* capabilities, std::size_t num_capabilities,
-                                      KPageTable& page_table);
-
-    /// Initializes this process capabilities instance for a userland process.
-    ///
-    /// @param capabilities     The capabilities to parse.
-    /// @param num_capabilities The total number of capabilities to parse.
-    /// @param page_table       The memory manager to use for handling any mapping-related
-    ///                         operations (such as mapping IO memory, etc).
-    ///
-    /// @returns ResultSuccess if this capabilities instance was able to be initialized,
-    ///          otherwise, an error code upon failure.
-    ///
-    Result InitializeForUserProcess(const u32* capabilities, std::size_t num_capabilities,
-                                    KPageTable& page_table);
-
-    /// Initializes this process capabilities instance for a process that does not
-    /// have any metadata to parse.
-    ///
-    /// This is necessary, as we allow running raw executables, and the internal
-    /// kernel process capabilities also determine what CPU cores the process is
-    /// allowed to run on, and what priorities are allowed for  threads. It also
-    /// determines the max handle table size, what the program type is, whether or
-    /// not the process can be debugged, or whether it's possible for a process to
-    /// forcibly debug another process.
-    ///
-    /// Given the above, this essentially enables all capabilities across the board
-    /// for the process. It allows the process to:
-    ///
-    /// - Run on any core
-    /// - Use any thread priority
-    /// - Use the maximum amount of handles a process is allowed to.
-    /// - Be debuggable
-    /// - Forcibly debug other processes.
-    ///
-    /// Note that this is not a behavior that the kernel allows a process to do via
-    /// a single function like this. This is yuzu-specific behavior to handle
-    /// executables with no capability descriptors whatsoever to derive behavior from.
-    /// It being yuzu-specific is why this is also not the default behavior and not
-    /// done by default in the constructor.
-    ///
-    void InitializeForMetadatalessProcess();
-
-    /// Gets the allowable core mask
-    u64 GetCoreMask() const {
-        return core_mask;
-    }
-
-    /// Gets the allowable priority mask
-    u64 GetPriorityMask() const {
-        return priority_mask;
-    }
-
-    /// Gets the SVC access permission bits
-    const SyscallCapabilities& GetServiceCapabilities() const {
-        return svc_capabilities;
-    }
-
-    /// Gets the valid interrupt bits.
-    const InterruptCapabilities& GetInterruptCapabilities() const {
-        return interrupt_capabilities;
-    }
-
-    /// Gets the program type for this process.
-    ProgramType GetProgramType() const {
-        return program_type;
-    }
-
-    /// Gets the number of total allowable handles for the process' handle table.
-    s32 GetHandleTableSize() const {
-        return handle_table_size;
-    }
-
-    /// Gets the kernel version value.
-    u32 GetKernelVersion() const {
-        return kernel_version;
-    }
-
-    /// Whether or not this process can be debugged.
-    bool IsDebuggable() const {
-        return is_debuggable;
-    }
-
-    /// Whether or not this process can forcibly debug another
-    /// process, even if that process is not considered debuggable.
-    bool CanForceDebug() const {
-        return can_force_debug;
-    }
-
-private:
-    /// Attempts to parse a given sequence of capability descriptors.
-    ///
-    /// @param capabilities     The sequence of capability descriptors to parse.
-    /// @param num_capabilities The number of descriptors within the given sequence.
-    /// @param page_table       The memory manager that will perform any memory
-    ///                         mapping if necessary.
-    ///
-    /// @return ResultSuccess if no errors occur, otherwise an error code.
-    ///
-    Result ParseCapabilities(const u32* capabilities, std::size_t num_capabilities,
-                             KPageTable& page_table);
-
-    /// Attempts to parse a capability descriptor that is only represented by a
-    /// single flag set.
-    ///
-    /// @param set_flags    Running set of flags that are used to catch
-    ///                     flags being initialized more than once when they shouldn't be.
-    /// @param set_svc_bits Running set of bits representing the allowed supervisor calls mask.
-    /// @param flag         The flag to attempt to parse.
-    /// @param page_table   The memory manager that will perform any memory
-    ///                     mapping if necessary.
-    ///
-    /// @return ResultSuccess if no errors occurred, otherwise an error code.
-    ///
-    Result ParseSingleFlagCapability(u32& set_flags, u32& set_svc_bits, u32 flag,
-                                     KPageTable& page_table);
-
-    /// Clears the internal state of this process capability instance. Necessary,
-    /// to have a sane starting point due to us allowing running executables without
-    /// configuration metadata. We assume a process is not going to have metadata,
-    /// and if it turns out that the process does, in fact, have metadata, then
-    /// we attempt to parse it. Thus, we need this to reset data members back to
-    /// a good state.
-    ///
-    /// DO NOT ever make this a public member function. This isn't an invariant
-    /// anything external should depend upon (and if anything comes to rely on it,
-    /// you should immediately be questioning the design of that thing, not this
-    /// class. If the kernel itself can run without depending on behavior like that,
-    /// then so can yuzu).
-    ///
-    void Clear();
-
-    /// Handles flags related to the priority and core number capability flags.
-    Result HandlePriorityCoreNumFlags(u32 flags);
-
-    /// Handles flags related to determining the allowable SVC mask.
-    Result HandleSyscallFlags(u32& set_svc_bits, u32 flags);
-
-    /// Handles flags related to mapping physical memory pages.
-    Result HandleMapPhysicalFlags(u32 flags, u32 size_flags, KPageTable& page_table);
-
-    /// Handles flags related to mapping IO pages.
-    Result HandleMapIOFlags(u32 flags, KPageTable& page_table);
-
-    /// Handles flags related to mapping physical memory regions.
-    Result HandleMapRegionFlags(u32 flags, KPageTable& page_table);
-
-    /// Handles flags related to the interrupt capability flags.
-    Result HandleInterruptFlags(u32 flags);
-
-    /// Handles flags related to the program type.
-    Result HandleProgramTypeFlags(u32 flags);
-
-    /// Handles flags related to the handle table size.
-    Result HandleHandleTableFlags(u32 flags);
-
-    /// Handles flags related to the kernel version capability flags.
-    Result HandleKernelVersionFlags(u32 flags);
-
-    /// Handles flags related to debug-specific capabilities.
-    Result HandleDebugFlags(u32 flags);
-
-    SyscallCapabilities svc_capabilities;
-    InterruptCapabilities interrupt_capabilities;
-
-    u64 core_mask = 0;
-    u64 priority_mask = 0;
-
-    s32 handle_table_size = 0;
-    u32 kernel_version = 0;
-
-    ProgramType program_type = ProgramType::SysModule;
-
-    bool is_debuggable = false;
-    bool can_force_debug = false;
-};
-
-} // namespace Kernel

src/core/hle/kernel/svc/svc_memory.cpp

@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ constexpr bool IsValidAddressRange(u64 address, u64 size) {
 // Helper function that performs the common sanity checks for svcMapMemory
 // and svcUnmapMemory. This is doable, as both functions perform their sanitizing
 // in the same order.
-Result MapUnmapMemorySanityChecks(const KPageTable& manager, u64 dst_addr, u64 src_addr, u64 size) {
+Result MapUnmapMemorySanityChecks(const KProcessPageTable& manager, u64 dst_addr, u64 src_addr,
+                                  u64 size) {
     if (!Common::Is4KBAligned(dst_addr)) {
         LOG_ERROR(Kernel_SVC, "Destination address is not aligned to 4KB, 0x{:016X}", dst_addr);
         R_THROW(ResultInvalidAddress);
@@ -123,7 +124,8 @@ Result SetMemoryAttribute(Core::System& system, u64 address, u64 size, u32 mask,
     R_UNLESS(page_table.Contains(address, size), ResultInvalidCurrentMemory);
 
     // Set the memory attribute.
-    R_RETURN(page_table.SetMemoryAttribute(address, size, mask, attr));
+    R_RETURN(page_table.SetMemoryAttribute(address, size, static_cast<KMemoryAttribute>(mask),
+                                           static_cast<KMemoryAttribute>(attr)));
 }
 
 /// Maps a memory range into a different range.

src/core/hle/kernel/svc/svc_physical_memory.cpp

@@ -16,7 +16,14 @@ Result SetHeapSize(Core::System& system, u64* out_address, u64 size) {
     R_UNLESS(size < MainMemorySizeMax, ResultInvalidSize);
 
     // Set the heap size.
-    R_RETURN(GetCurrentProcess(system.Kernel()).GetPageTable().SetHeapSize(out_address, size));
+    KProcessAddress address{};
+    R_TRY(GetCurrentProcess(system.Kernel())
+              .GetPageTable()
+              .SetHeapSize(std::addressof(address), size));
+
+    // We succeeded.
+    *out_address = GetInteger(address);
+    R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
 /// Maps memory at a desired address

src/core/hle/kernel/svc/svc_process_memory.cpp

@@ -247,8 +247,7 @@ Result UnmapProcessCodeMemory(Core::System& system, Handle process_handle, u64 d
         R_THROW(ResultInvalidCurrentMemory);
     }
 
-    R_RETURN(page_table.UnmapCodeMemory(dst_address, src_address, size,
-                                        KPageTable::ICacheInvalidationStrategy::InvalidateAll));
+    R_RETURN(page_table.UnmapCodeMemory(dst_address, src_address, size));
 }
 
 Result SetProcessMemoryPermission64(Core::System& system, Handle process_handle, uint64_t address,

src/core/hle/kernel/svc/svc_query_memory.cpp

@@ -31,12 +31,12 @@ Result QueryProcessMemory(Core::System& system, uint64_t out_memory_info, PageIn
     }
 
     auto& current_memory{GetCurrentMemory(system.Kernel())};
-    const auto memory_info{process->GetPageTable().QueryInfo(address).GetSvcMemoryInfo()};
 
-    current_memory.WriteBlock(out_memory_info, std::addressof(memory_info), sizeof(memory_info));
+    KMemoryInfo mem_info;
+    R_TRY(process->GetPageTable().QueryInfo(std::addressof(mem_info), out_page_info, address));
 
-    //! This is supposed to be part of the QueryInfo call.
-    *out_page_info = {};
+    const auto svc_mem_info = mem_info.GetSvcMemoryInfo();
+    current_memory.WriteBlock(out_memory_info, std::addressof(svc_mem_info), sizeof(svc_mem_info));
 
     R_SUCCEED();
 }

src/core/hle/result.h

@@ -407,3 +407,34 @@ constexpr inline Result __TmpCurrentResultReference = ResultSuccess;
 
 /// Evaluates a boolean expression, and succeeds if that expression is true.
 #define R_SUCCEED_IF(expr) R_UNLESS(!(expr), ResultSuccess)
+
+#define R_TRY_CATCH(res_expr)                                                                      \
+    {                                                                                              \
+        const auto R_CURRENT_RESULT = (res_expr);                                                  \
+        if (R_FAILED(R_CURRENT_RESULT)) {                                                          \
+            if (false)
+
+#define R_END_TRY_CATCH                                                                            \
+    else if (R_FAILED(R_CURRENT_RESULT)) {                                                         \
+        R_THROW(R_CURRENT_RESULT);                                                                 \
+    }                                                                                              \
+    }                                                                                              \
+    }
+
+#define R_CATCH_ALL()                                                                              \
+    }                                                                                              \
+    else if (R_FAILED(R_CURRENT_RESULT)) {                                                         \
+        if (true)
+
+#define R_CATCH(res_expr)                                                                          \
+    }                                                                                              \
+    else if ((res_expr) == (R_CURRENT_RESULT)) {                                                   \
+        if (true)
+
+#define R_CONVERT(catch_type, convert_type)                                                        \
+    R_CATCH(catch_type) { R_THROW(static_cast<Result>(convert_type)); }
+
+#define R_CONVERT_ALL(convert_type)                                                                \
+    R_CATCH_ALL() { R_THROW(static_cast<Result>(convert_type)); }
+
+#define R_ASSERT(res_expr) ASSERT(R_SUCCEEDED(res_expr))

src/core/hle/service/ldr/ldr.cpp

@@ -286,9 +286,14 @@ public:
         rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
     }
 
-    bool ValidateRegionForMap(Kernel::KPageTable& page_table, VAddr start, std::size_t size) const {
+    bool ValidateRegionForMap(Kernel::KProcessPageTable& page_table, VAddr start,
+                              std::size_t size) const {
         const std::size_t padding_size{page_table.GetNumGuardPages() * Kernel::PageSize};
-        const auto start_info{page_table.QueryInfo(start - 1)};
+
+        Kernel::KMemoryInfo start_info;
+        Kernel::Svc::PageInfo page_info;
+        R_ASSERT(
+            page_table.QueryInfo(std::addressof(start_info), std::addressof(page_info), start - 1));
 
         if (start_info.GetState() != Kernel::KMemoryState::Free) {
             return {};
@@ -298,7 +303,9 @@ public:
             return {};
         }
 
-        const auto end_info{page_table.QueryInfo(start + size)};
+        Kernel::KMemoryInfo end_info;
+        R_ASSERT(page_table.QueryInfo(std::addressof(end_info), std::addressof(page_info),
+                                      start + size));
 
         if (end_info.GetState() != Kernel::KMemoryState::Free) {
             return {};
@@ -307,7 +314,7 @@ public:
         return (start + size + padding_size) <= (end_info.GetAddress() + end_info.GetSize());
     }
 
-    Result GetAvailableMapRegion(Kernel::KPageTable& page_table, u64 size, VAddr& out_addr) {
+    Result GetAvailableMapRegion(Kernel::KProcessPageTable& page_table, u64 size, VAddr& out_addr) {
         size = Common::AlignUp(size, Kernel::PageSize);
         size += page_table.GetNumGuardPages() * Kernel::PageSize * 4;
 
@@ -391,12 +398,8 @@ public:
 
             if (bss_size) {
                 auto block_guard = detail::ScopeExit([&] {
-                    page_table.UnmapCodeMemory(
-                        addr + nro_size, bss_addr, bss_size,
-                        Kernel::KPageTable::ICacheInvalidationStrategy::InvalidateRange);
-                    page_table.UnmapCodeMemory(
-                        addr, nro_addr, nro_size,
-                        Kernel::KPageTable::ICacheInvalidationStrategy::InvalidateRange);
+                    page_table.UnmapCodeMemory(addr + nro_size, bss_addr, bss_size);
+                    page_table.UnmapCodeMemory(addr, nro_addr, nro_size);
                 });
 
                 const Result result{page_table.MapCodeMemory(addr + nro_size, bss_addr, bss_size)};
@@ -578,21 +581,17 @@ public:
         auto& page_table{system.ApplicationProcess()->GetPageTable()};
 
         if (info.bss_size != 0) {
-            R_TRY(page_table.UnmapCodeMemory(
-                info.nro_address + info.text_size + info.ro_size + info.data_size, info.bss_address,
-                info.bss_size, Kernel::KPageTable::ICacheInvalidationStrategy::InvalidateRange));
+            R_TRY(page_table.UnmapCodeMemory(info.nro_address + info.text_size + info.ro_size +
+                                                 info.data_size,
+                                             info.bss_address, info.bss_size));
         }
 
-        R_TRY(page_table.UnmapCodeMemory(
-            info.nro_address + info.text_size + info.ro_size,
-            info.src_addr + info.text_size + info.ro_size, info.data_size,
-            Kernel::KPageTable::ICacheInvalidationStrategy::InvalidateRange));
-        R_TRY(page_table.UnmapCodeMemory(
-            info.nro_address + info.text_size, info.src_addr + info.text_size, info.ro_size,
-            Kernel::KPageTable::ICacheInvalidationStrategy::InvalidateRange));
-        R_TRY(page_table.UnmapCodeMemory(
-            info.nro_address, info.src_addr, info.text_size,
-            Kernel::KPageTable::ICacheInvalidationStrategy::InvalidateRange));
+        R_TRY(page_table.UnmapCodeMemory(info.nro_address + info.text_size + info.ro_size,
+                                         info.src_addr + info.text_size + info.ro_size,
+                                         info.data_size));
+        R_TRY(page_table.UnmapCodeMemory(info.nro_address + info.text_size,
+                                         info.src_addr + info.text_size, info.ro_size));
+        R_TRY(page_table.UnmapCodeMemory(info.nro_address, info.src_addr, info.text_size));
         return ResultSuccess;
     }
 

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/ioctl_serialization.h

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <span>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "common/concepts.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvdevice.h"
+
+namespace Service::Nvidia::Devices {
+
+struct IoctlOneArgTraits {
+    template <typename T, typename R, typename A, typename... B>
+    static A GetFirstArgImpl(R (T::*)(A, B...));
+};
+
+struct IoctlTwoArgTraits {
+    template <typename T, typename R, typename A, typename B, typename... C>
+    static A GetFirstArgImpl(R (T::*)(A, B, C...));
+
+    template <typename T, typename R, typename A, typename B, typename... C>
+    static B GetSecondArgImpl(R (T::*)(A, B, C...));
+};
+
+struct Null {};
+
+// clang-format off
+
+template <typename FixedArg, typename VarArg, typename InlInVarArg, typename InlOutVarArg, typename F>
+NvResult WrapGeneric(F&& callable, std::span<const u8> input, std::span<const u8> inline_input, std::span<u8> output, std::span<u8> inline_output) {
+    constexpr bool HasFixedArg     = !std::is_same_v<FixedArg, Null>;
+    constexpr bool HasVarArg       = !std::is_same_v<VarArg, Null>;
+    constexpr bool HasInlInVarArg  = !std::is_same_v<InlInVarArg, Null>;
+    constexpr bool HasInlOutVarArg = !std::is_same_v<InlOutVarArg, Null>;
+
+    // Declare the fixed-size input value.
+    FixedArg fixed{};
+    size_t var_offset = 0;
+
+    if constexpr (HasFixedArg) {
+        // Read the fixed-size input value.
+        var_offset = std::min(sizeof(FixedArg), input.size());
+        if (var_offset > 0) {
+            std::memcpy(&fixed, input.data(), var_offset);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Read the variable-sized inputs.
+    const size_t num_var_args = HasVarArg ? ((input.size() - var_offset) / sizeof(VarArg)) : 0;
+    std::vector<VarArg> var_args(num_var_args);
+    if constexpr (HasVarArg) {
+        if (num_var_args > 0) {
+            std::memcpy(var_args.data(), input.data() + var_offset, num_var_args * sizeof(VarArg));
+        }
+    }
+
+    const size_t num_inl_in_var_args = HasInlInVarArg ? (inline_input.size() / sizeof(InlInVarArg)) : 0;
+    std::vector<InlInVarArg> inl_in_var_args(num_inl_in_var_args);
+    if constexpr (HasInlInVarArg) {
+        if (num_inl_in_var_args > 0) {
+            std::memcpy(inl_in_var_args.data(), inline_input.data(), num_inl_in_var_args * sizeof(InlInVarArg));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Construct inline output data.
+    const size_t num_inl_out_var_args = HasInlOutVarArg ? (inline_output.size() / sizeof(InlOutVarArg)) : 0;
+    std::vector<InlOutVarArg> inl_out_var_args(num_inl_out_var_args);
+
+    // Perform the call.
+    NvResult result = callable(fixed, var_args, inl_in_var_args, inl_out_var_args);
+
+    // Copy outputs.
+    if constexpr (HasFixedArg) {
+        if (output.size() > 0) {
+            std::memcpy(output.data(), &fixed, std::min(output.size(), sizeof(FixedArg)));
+        }
+    }
+
+    if constexpr (HasVarArg) {
+        if (num_var_args > 0 && output.size() > var_offset) {
+            const size_t max_var_size = output.size() - var_offset;
+            std::memcpy(output.data() + var_offset, var_args.data(), std::min(max_var_size, num_var_args * sizeof(VarArg)));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Copy inline outputs.
+    if constexpr (HasInlOutVarArg) {
+        if (num_inl_out_var_args > 0) {
+            std::memcpy(inline_output.data(), inl_out_var_args.data(), num_inl_out_var_args * sizeof(InlOutVarArg));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // We're done.
+    return result;
+}
+
+template <typename Self, typename F, typename... Rest>
+NvResult WrapFixed(Self* self, F&& callable, std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output, Rest&&... rest) {
+    using FixedArg = typename std::remove_reference_t<decltype(IoctlOneArgTraits::GetFirstArgImpl(callable))>;
+
+    const auto Callable = [&](auto& fixed, auto& var, auto& inl_in, auto& inl_out) -> NvResult {
+        return (self->*callable)(fixed, std::forward<Rest>(rest)...);
+    };
+
+    return WrapGeneric<FixedArg, Null, Null, Null>(std::move(Callable), input, {}, output, {});
+}
+
+template <typename Self, typename F, typename... Rest>
+NvResult WrapFixedInlOut(Self* self, F&& callable, std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output, std::span<u8> inline_output, Rest&&... rest) {
+    using FixedArg     = typename std::remove_reference_t<decltype(IoctlTwoArgTraits::GetFirstArgImpl(callable))>;
+    using InlOutVarArg = typename std::remove_reference_t<decltype(IoctlTwoArgTraits::GetSecondArgImpl(callable))>::value_type;
+
+    const auto Callable = [&](auto& fixed, auto& var, auto& inl_in, auto& inl_out) -> NvResult {
+        return (self->*callable)(fixed, inl_out, std::forward<Rest>(rest)...);
+    };
+
+    return WrapGeneric<FixedArg, Null, Null, InlOutVarArg>(std::move(Callable), input, {}, output, inline_output);
+}
+
+template <typename Self, typename F, typename... Rest>
+NvResult WrapVariable(Self* self, F&& callable, std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output, Rest&&... rest) {
+    using VarArg = typename std::remove_reference_t<decltype(IoctlOneArgTraits::GetFirstArgImpl(callable))>::value_type;
+
+    const auto Callable = [&](auto& fixed, auto& var, auto& inl_in, auto& inl_out) -> NvResult {
+        return (self->*callable)(var, std::forward<Rest>(rest)...);
+    };
+
+    return WrapGeneric<Null, VarArg, Null, Null>(std::move(Callable), input, {}, output, {});
+}
+
+template <typename Self, typename F, typename... Rest>
+NvResult WrapFixedVariable(Self* self, F&& callable, std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output, Rest&&... rest) {
+    using FixedArg = typename std::remove_reference_t<decltype(IoctlTwoArgTraits::GetFirstArgImpl(callable))>;
+    using VarArg   = typename std::remove_reference_t<decltype(IoctlTwoArgTraits::GetSecondArgImpl(callable))>::value_type;
+
+    const auto Callable = [&](auto& fixed, auto& var, auto& inl_in, auto& inl_out) -> NvResult {
+        return (self->*callable)(fixed, var, std::forward<Rest>(rest)...);
+    };
+
+    return WrapGeneric<FixedArg, VarArg, Null, Null>(std::move(Callable), input, {}, output, {});
+}
+
+template <typename Self, typename F, typename... Rest>
+NvResult WrapFixedInlIn(Self* self, F&& callable, std::span<const u8> input, std::span<const u8> inline_input, std::span<u8> output, Rest&&... rest) {
+    using FixedArg    = typename std::remove_reference_t<decltype(IoctlTwoArgTraits::GetFirstArgImpl(callable))>;
+    using InlInVarArg = typename std::remove_reference_t<decltype(IoctlTwoArgTraits::GetSecondArgImpl(callable))>::value_type;
+
+    const auto Callable = [&](auto& fixed, auto& var, auto& inl_in, auto& inl_out) -> NvResult {
+        return (self->*callable)(fixed, inl_in, std::forward<Rest>(rest)...);
+    };
+
+    return WrapGeneric<FixedArg, Null, InlInVarArg, Null>(std::move(Callable), input, inline_input, output, {});
+}
+
+// clang-format on
+
+} // namespace Service::Nvidia::Devices

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_as_gpu.cpp

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/container.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/nvmap.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/ioctl_serialization.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_as_gpu.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_gpu.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/nvdrv.h"
@@ -33,21 +34,21 @@ NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::Ioctl1(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> i
     case 'A':
         switch (command.cmd) {
         case 0x1:
-            return BindChannel(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_as_gpu::BindChannel, input, output);
         case 0x2:
-            return AllocateSpace(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_as_gpu::AllocateSpace, input, output);
         case 0x3:
-            return FreeSpace(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_as_gpu::FreeSpace, input, output);
         case 0x5:
-            return UnmapBuffer(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_as_gpu::UnmapBuffer, input, output);
         case 0x6:
-            return MapBufferEx(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_as_gpu::MapBufferEx, input, output);
         case 0x8:
-            return GetVARegions(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_as_gpu::GetVARegions1, input, output);
         case 0x9:
-            return AllocAsEx(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_as_gpu::AllocAsEx, input, output);
         case 0x14:
-            return Remap(input, output);
+            return WrapVariable(this, &nvhost_as_gpu::Remap, input, output);
         default:
             break;
         }
@@ -72,7 +73,8 @@ NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::Ioctl3(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> i
     case 'A':
         switch (command.cmd) {
         case 0x8:
-            return GetVARegions(input, output, inline_output);
+            return WrapFixedInlOut(this, &nvhost_as_gpu::GetVARegions3, input, output,
+                                   inline_output);
         default:
             break;
         }
@@ -87,10 +89,7 @@ NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::Ioctl3(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> i
 void nvhost_as_gpu::OnOpen(DeviceFD fd) {}
 void nvhost_as_gpu::OnClose(DeviceFD fd) {}
 
-NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::AllocAsEx(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlAllocAsEx params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
-
+NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::AllocAsEx(IoctlAllocAsEx& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, big_page_size=0x{:X}", params.big_page_size);
 
     std::scoped_lock lock(mutex);
@@ -141,10 +140,7 @@ NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::AllocAsEx(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> outpu
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::AllocateSpace(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlAllocSpace params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
-
+NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::AllocateSpace(IoctlAllocSpace& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, pages={:X}, page_size={:X}, flags={:X}", params.pages,
               params.page_size, params.flags);
 
@@ -194,7 +190,6 @@ NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::AllocateSpace(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> o
         .big_pages = params.page_size != VM::YUZU_PAGESIZE,
     };
 
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
@@ -222,10 +217,7 @@ void nvhost_as_gpu::FreeMappingLocked(u64 offset) {
     mapping_map.erase(offset);
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::FreeSpace(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlFreeSpace params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
-
+NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::FreeSpace(IoctlFreeSpace& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, offset={:X}, pages={:X}, page_size={:X}", params.offset,
               params.pages, params.page_size);
 
@@ -264,18 +256,11 @@ NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::FreeSpace(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> outpu
         return NvResult::BadValue;
     }
 
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::Remap(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    const auto num_entries = input.size() / sizeof(IoctlRemapEntry);
-
-    LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, num_entries=0x{:X}", num_entries);
-
-    std::scoped_lock lock(mutex);
-    entries.resize_destructive(num_entries);
-    std::memcpy(entries.data(), input.data(), input.size());
+NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::Remap(std::span<IoctlRemapEntry> entries) {
+    LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, num_entries=0x{:X}", entries.size());
 
     if (!vm.initialised) {
         return NvResult::BadValue;
@@ -317,14 +302,10 @@ NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::Remap(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
         }
     }
 
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), entries.data(), output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::MapBufferEx(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlMapBufferEx params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
-
+NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::MapBufferEx(IoctlMapBufferEx& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV,
               "called, flags={:X}, nvmap_handle={:X}, buffer_offset={}, mapping_size={}"
               ", offset={}",
@@ -421,14 +402,10 @@ NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::MapBufferEx(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> out
         mapping_map[params.offset] = mapping;
     }
 
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::UnmapBuffer(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlUnmapBuffer params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
-
+NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::UnmapBuffer(IoctlUnmapBuffer& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, offset=0x{:X}", params.offset);
 
     std::scoped_lock lock(mutex);
@@ -464,9 +441,7 @@ NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::UnmapBuffer(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> out
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::BindChannel(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlBindChannel params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
+NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::BindChannel(IoctlBindChannel& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, fd={:X}", params.fd);
 
     auto gpu_channel_device = module.GetDevice<nvhost_gpu>(params.fd);
@@ -493,10 +468,7 @@ void nvhost_as_gpu::GetVARegionsImpl(IoctlGetVaRegions& params) {
     };
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::GetVARegions(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlGetVaRegions params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
-
+NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::GetVARegions1(IoctlGetVaRegions& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, buf_addr={:X}, buf_size={:X}", params.buf_addr,
               params.buf_size);
 
@@ -508,15 +480,10 @@ NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::GetVARegions(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> ou
 
     GetVARegionsImpl(params);
 
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::GetVARegions(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output,
-                                     std::span<u8> inline_output) {
-    IoctlGetVaRegions params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
-
+NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::GetVARegions3(IoctlGetVaRegions& params, std::span<VaRegion> regions) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, buf_addr={:X}, buf_size={:X}", params.buf_addr,
               params.buf_size);
 
@@ -528,9 +495,10 @@ NvResult nvhost_as_gpu::GetVARegions(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> ou
 
     GetVARegionsImpl(params);
 
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
-    std::memcpy(inline_output.data(), &params.regions[0], sizeof(VaRegion));
-    std::memcpy(inline_output.data() + sizeof(VaRegion), &params.regions[1], sizeof(VaRegion));
+    const size_t num_regions = std::min(params.regions.size(), regions.size());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_regions; i++) {
+        regions[i] = params.regions[i];
+    }
 
     return NvResult::Success;
 }

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_as_gpu.h

@@ -139,18 +139,17 @@ private:
     static_assert(sizeof(IoctlGetVaRegions) == 16 + sizeof(VaRegion) * 2,
                   "IoctlGetVaRegions is incorrect size");
 
-    NvResult AllocAsEx(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult AllocateSpace(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult Remap(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult MapBufferEx(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult UnmapBuffer(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult FreeSpace(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult BindChannel(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
+    NvResult AllocAsEx(IoctlAllocAsEx& params);
+    NvResult AllocateSpace(IoctlAllocSpace& params);
+    NvResult Remap(std::span<IoctlRemapEntry> params);
+    NvResult MapBufferEx(IoctlMapBufferEx& params);
+    NvResult UnmapBuffer(IoctlUnmapBuffer& params);
+    NvResult FreeSpace(IoctlFreeSpace& params);
+    NvResult BindChannel(IoctlBindChannel& params);
 
     void GetVARegionsImpl(IoctlGetVaRegions& params);
-    NvResult GetVARegions(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult GetVARegions(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output,
-                          std::span<u8> inline_output);
+    NvResult GetVARegions1(IoctlGetVaRegions& params);
+    NvResult GetVARegions3(IoctlGetVaRegions& params, std::span<VaRegion> regions);
 
     void FreeMappingLocked(u64 offset);
 
@@ -213,7 +212,6 @@ private:
         bool initialised{};
     } vm;
     std::shared_ptr<Tegra::MemoryManager> gmmu;
-    Common::ScratchBuffer<IoctlRemapEntry> entries;
 
     // s32 channel{};
     // u32 big_page_size{VM::DEFAULT_BIG_PAGE_SIZE};

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_ctrl.cpp

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_event.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/container.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/syncpoint_manager.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/ioctl_serialization.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_ctrl.h"
 #include "video_core/gpu.h"
 #include "video_core/host1x/host1x.h"
@@ -40,19 +41,19 @@ NvResult nvhost_ctrl::Ioctl1(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> inp
     case 0x0:
         switch (command.cmd) {
         case 0x1b:
-            return NvOsGetConfigU32(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl::NvOsGetConfigU32, input, output);
         case 0x1c:
-            return IocCtrlClearEventWait(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlClearEventWait, input, output);
         case 0x1d:
-            return IocCtrlEventWait(input, output, true);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventWait, input, output, true);
         case 0x1e:
-            return IocCtrlEventWait(input, output, false);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventWait, input, output, false);
         case 0x1f:
-            return IocCtrlEventRegister(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventRegister, input, output);
         case 0x20:
-            return IocCtrlEventUnregister(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventUnregister, input, output);
         case 0x21:
-            return IocCtrlEventUnregisterBatch(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventUnregisterBatch, input, output);
         }
         break;
     default:
@@ -79,25 +80,19 @@ void nvhost_ctrl::OnOpen(DeviceFD fd) {}
 
 void nvhost_ctrl::OnClose(DeviceFD fd) {}
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl::NvOsGetConfigU32(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IocGetConfigParams params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(params));
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl::NvOsGetConfigU32(IocGetConfigParams& params) {
     LOG_TRACE(Service_NVDRV, "called, setting={}!{}", params.domain_str.data(),
               params.param_str.data());
     return NvResult::ConfigVarNotFound; // Returns error on production mode
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventWait(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output,
-                                       bool is_allocation) {
-    IocCtrlEventWaitParams params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(params));
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventWait(IocCtrlEventWaitParams& params, bool is_allocation) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "syncpt_id={}, threshold={}, timeout={}, is_allocation={}",
               params.fence.id, params.fence.value, params.timeout, is_allocation);
 
     bool must_unmark_fail = !is_allocation;
     const u32 event_id = params.value.raw;
     SCOPE_EXIT({
-        std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(params));
         if (must_unmark_fail) {
             events[event_id].fails = 0;
         }
@@ -231,9 +226,7 @@ NvResult nvhost_ctrl::FreeEvent(u32 slot) {
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventRegister(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IocCtrlEventRegisterParams params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(params));
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventRegister(IocCtrlEventRegisterParams& params) {
     const u32 event_id = params.user_event_id;
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, " called, user_event_id: {:X}", event_id);
     if (event_id >= MaxNvEvents) {
@@ -252,9 +245,7 @@ NvResult nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventRegister(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventUnregister(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IocCtrlEventUnregisterParams params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(params));
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventUnregister(IocCtrlEventUnregisterParams& params) {
     const u32 event_id = params.user_event_id & 0x00FF;
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, " called, user_event_id: {:X}", event_id);
 
@@ -262,9 +253,7 @@ NvResult nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventUnregister(std::span<const u8> input, std::spa
     return FreeEvent(event_id);
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventUnregisterBatch(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IocCtrlEventUnregisterBatchParams params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(params));
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventUnregisterBatch(IocCtrlEventUnregisterBatchParams& params) {
     u64 event_mask = params.user_events;
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, " called, event_mask: {:X}", event_mask);
 
@@ -280,10 +269,7 @@ NvResult nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlEventUnregisterBatch(std::span<const u8> input, std
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlClearEventWait(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IocCtrlEventClearParams params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(params));
-
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl::IocCtrlClearEventWait(IocCtrlEventClearParams& params) {
     u32 event_id = params.event_id.slot;
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, event_id: {:X}", event_id);
 

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_ctrl.h

@@ -186,12 +186,12 @@ private:
     static_assert(sizeof(IocCtrlEventUnregisterBatchParams) == 8,
                   "IocCtrlEventKill is incorrect size");
 
-    NvResult NvOsGetConfigU32(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult IocCtrlEventWait(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output, bool is_allocation);
-    NvResult IocCtrlEventRegister(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult IocCtrlEventUnregister(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult IocCtrlEventUnregisterBatch(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult IocCtrlClearEventWait(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
+    NvResult NvOsGetConfigU32(IocGetConfigParams& params);
+    NvResult IocCtrlEventRegister(IocCtrlEventRegisterParams& params);
+    NvResult IocCtrlEventUnregister(IocCtrlEventUnregisterParams& params);
+    NvResult IocCtrlEventUnregisterBatch(IocCtrlEventUnregisterBatchParams& params);
+    NvResult IocCtrlEventWait(IocCtrlEventWaitParams& params, bool is_allocation);
+    NvResult IocCtrlClearEventWait(IocCtrlEventClearParams& params);
 
     NvResult FreeEvent(u32 slot);
 

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_ctrl_gpu.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/core_timing.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/ioctl_serialization.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_ctrl_gpu.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/nvdrv.h"
 
@@ -27,23 +28,23 @@ NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::Ioctl1(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8>
     case 'G':
         switch (command.cmd) {
         case 0x1:
-            return ZCullGetCtxSize(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl_gpu::ZCullGetCtxSize, input, output);
         case 0x2:
-            return ZCullGetInfo(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl_gpu::ZCullGetInfo, input, output);
         case 0x3:
-            return ZBCSetTable(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl_gpu::ZBCSetTable, input, output);
         case 0x4:
-            return ZBCQueryTable(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl_gpu::ZBCQueryTable, input, output);
         case 0x5:
-            return GetCharacteristics(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetCharacteristics1, input, output);
         case 0x6:
-            return GetTPCMasks(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetTPCMasks1, input, output);
         case 0x7:
-            return FlushL2(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl_gpu::FlushL2, input, output);
         case 0x14:
-            return GetActiveSlotMask(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetActiveSlotMask, input, output);
         case 0x1c:
-            return GetGpuTime(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetGpuTime, input, output);
         default:
             break;
         }
@@ -65,9 +66,11 @@ NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::Ioctl3(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8>
     case 'G':
         switch (command.cmd) {
         case 0x5:
-            return GetCharacteristics(input, output, inline_output);
+            return WrapFixedInlOut(this, &nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetCharacteristics3, input, output,
+                                   inline_output);
         case 0x6:
-            return GetTPCMasks(input, output, inline_output);
+            return WrapFixedInlOut(this, &nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetTPCMasks3, input, output,
+                                   inline_output);
         default:
             break;
         }
@@ -82,10 +85,8 @@ NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::Ioctl3(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8>
 void nvhost_ctrl_gpu::OnOpen(DeviceFD fd) {}
 void nvhost_ctrl_gpu::OnClose(DeviceFD fd) {}
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetCharacteristics(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetCharacteristics1(IoctlCharacteristics& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called");
-    IoctlCharacteristics params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
     params.gc.arch = 0x120;
     params.gc.impl = 0xb;
     params.gc.rev = 0xa1;
@@ -123,15 +124,13 @@ NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetCharacteristics(std::span<const u8> input, std::spa
     params.gc.gr_compbit_store_base_hw = 0x0;
     params.gpu_characteristics_buf_size = 0xA0;
     params.gpu_characteristics_buf_addr = 0xdeadbeef; // Cannot be 0 (UNUSED)
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetCharacteristics(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output,
-                                             std::span<u8> inline_output) {
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetCharacteristics3(
+    IoctlCharacteristics& params, std::span<IoctlGpuCharacteristics> gpu_characteristics) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called");
-    IoctlCharacteristics params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
+
     params.gc.arch = 0x120;
     params.gc.impl = 0xb;
     params.gc.rev = 0xa1;
@@ -169,70 +168,47 @@ NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetCharacteristics(std::span<const u8> input, std::spa
     params.gc.gr_compbit_store_base_hw = 0x0;
     params.gpu_characteristics_buf_size = 0xA0;
     params.gpu_characteristics_buf_addr = 0xdeadbeef; // Cannot be 0 (UNUSED)
-
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
-    std::memcpy(inline_output.data(), &params.gc, inline_output.size());
+    if (!gpu_characteristics.empty()) {
+        gpu_characteristics.front() = params.gc;
+    }
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetTPCMasks(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlGpuGetTpcMasksArgs params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetTPCMasks1(IoctlGpuGetTpcMasksArgs& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, mask_buffer_size=0x{:X}", params.mask_buffer_size);
     if (params.mask_buffer_size != 0) {
         params.tcp_mask = 3;
     }
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetTPCMasks(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output,
-                                      std::span<u8> inline_output) {
-    IoctlGpuGetTpcMasksArgs params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetTPCMasks3(IoctlGpuGetTpcMasksArgs& params, std::span<u32> tpc_mask) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, mask_buffer_size=0x{:X}", params.mask_buffer_size);
     if (params.mask_buffer_size != 0) {
         params.tcp_mask = 3;
     }
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
-    std::memcpy(inline_output.data(), &params.tcp_mask, inline_output.size());
+    if (!tpc_mask.empty()) {
+        tpc_mask.front() = params.tcp_mask;
+    }
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetActiveSlotMask(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetActiveSlotMask(IoctlActiveSlotMask& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called");
 
-    IoctlActiveSlotMask params{};
-    if (input.size() > 0) {
-        std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
-    }
     params.slot = 0x07;
     params.mask = 0x01;
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::ZCullGetCtxSize(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::ZCullGetCtxSize(IoctlZcullGetCtxSize& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called");
-
-    IoctlZcullGetCtxSize params{};
-    if (input.size() > 0) {
-        std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
-    }
     params.size = 0x1;
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::ZCullGetInfo(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::ZCullGetInfo(IoctlNvgpuGpuZcullGetInfoArgs& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called");
-
-    IoctlNvgpuGpuZcullGetInfoArgs params{};
-
-    if (input.size() > 0) {
-        std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
-    }
-
     params.width_align_pixels = 0x20;
     params.height_align_pixels = 0x20;
     params.pixel_squares_by_aliquots = 0x400;
@@ -243,53 +219,28 @@ NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::ZCullGetInfo(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8>
     params.subregion_width_align_pixels = 0x20;
     params.subregion_height_align_pixels = 0x40;
     params.subregion_count = 0x10;
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::ZBCSetTable(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::ZBCSetTable(IoctlZbcSetTable& params) {
     LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "(STUBBED) called");
-
-    IoctlZbcSetTable params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
     // TODO(ogniK): What does this even actually do?
-
-    // Prevent null pointer being passed as arg 1
-    if (output.empty()) {
-        LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "Avoiding passing null pointer to memcpy");
-    } else {
-        std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
-    }
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::ZBCQueryTable(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::ZBCQueryTable(IoctlZbcQueryTable& params) {
     LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "(STUBBED) called");
-
-    IoctlZbcQueryTable params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
-    // TODO : To implement properly
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::FlushL2(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::FlushL2(IoctlFlushL2& params) {
     LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "(STUBBED) called");
-
-    IoctlFlushL2 params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
-    // TODO : To implement properly
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetGpuTime(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
+NvResult nvhost_ctrl_gpu::GetGpuTime(IoctlGetGpuTime& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called");
-
-    IoctlGetGpuTime params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
     params.gpu_time = static_cast<u64_le>(system.CoreTiming().GetGlobalTimeNs().count());
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_ctrl_gpu.h

@@ -151,21 +151,20 @@ private:
     };
     static_assert(sizeof(IoctlGetGpuTime) == 0x10, "IoctlGetGpuTime is incorrect size");
 
-    NvResult GetCharacteristics(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult GetCharacteristics(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output,
-                                std::span<u8> inline_output);
+    NvResult GetCharacteristics1(IoctlCharacteristics& params);
+    NvResult GetCharacteristics3(IoctlCharacteristics& params,
+                                 std::span<IoctlGpuCharacteristics> gpu_characteristics);
 
-    NvResult GetTPCMasks(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult GetTPCMasks(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output,
-                         std::span<u8> inline_output);
+    NvResult GetTPCMasks1(IoctlGpuGetTpcMasksArgs& params);
+    NvResult GetTPCMasks3(IoctlGpuGetTpcMasksArgs& params, std::span<u32> tpc_mask);
 
-    NvResult GetActiveSlotMask(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult ZCullGetCtxSize(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult ZCullGetInfo(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult ZBCSetTable(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult ZBCQueryTable(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult FlushL2(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult GetGpuTime(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
+    NvResult GetActiveSlotMask(IoctlActiveSlotMask& params);
+    NvResult ZCullGetCtxSize(IoctlZcullGetCtxSize& params);
+    NvResult ZCullGetInfo(IoctlNvgpuGpuZcullGetInfoArgs& params);
+    NvResult ZBCSetTable(IoctlZbcSetTable& params);
+    NvResult ZBCQueryTable(IoctlZbcQueryTable& params);
+    NvResult FlushL2(IoctlFlushL2& params);
+    NvResult GetGpuTime(IoctlGetGpuTime& params);
 
     EventInterface& events_interface;
 

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_gpu.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/container.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/nvmap.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/syncpoint_manager.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/ioctl_serialization.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_gpu.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/nvdrv.h"
 #include "core/memory.h"
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ NvResult nvhost_gpu::Ioctl1(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> inpu
     case 0x0:
         switch (command.cmd) {
         case 0x3:
-            return GetWaitbase(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_gpu::GetWaitbase, input, output);
         default:
             break;
         }
@@ -60,25 +61,25 @@ NvResult nvhost_gpu::Ioctl1(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> inpu
     case 'H':
         switch (command.cmd) {
         case 0x1:
-            return SetNVMAPfd(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_gpu::SetNVMAPfd, input, output);
         case 0x3:
-            return ChannelSetTimeout(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_gpu::ChannelSetTimeout, input, output);
         case 0x8:
-            return SubmitGPFIFOBase(input, output, false);
+            return WrapFixedVariable(this, &nvhost_gpu::SubmitGPFIFOBase1, input, output, false);
         case 0x9:
-            return AllocateObjectContext(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_gpu::AllocateObjectContext, input, output);
         case 0xb:
-            return ZCullBind(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_gpu::ZCullBind, input, output);
         case 0xc:
-            return SetErrorNotifier(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_gpu::SetErrorNotifier, input, output);
         case 0xd:
-            return SetChannelPriority(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_gpu::SetChannelPriority, input, output);
         case 0x1a:
-            return AllocGPFIFOEx2(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_gpu::AllocGPFIFOEx2, input, output);
         case 0x1b:
-            return SubmitGPFIFOBase(input, output, true);
+            return WrapFixedVariable(this, &nvhost_gpu::SubmitGPFIFOBase1, input, output, true);
         case 0x1d:
-            return ChannelSetTimeslice(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_gpu::ChannelSetTimeslice, input, output);
         default:
             break;
         }
@@ -86,9 +87,9 @@ NvResult nvhost_gpu::Ioctl1(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> inpu
     case 'G':
         switch (command.cmd) {
         case 0x14:
-            return SetClientData(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_gpu::SetClientData, input, output);
         case 0x15:
-            return GetClientData(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_gpu::GetClientData, input, output);
         default:
             break;
         }
@@ -104,7 +105,8 @@ NvResult nvhost_gpu::Ioctl2(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> inpu
     case 'H':
         switch (command.cmd) {
         case 0x1b:
-            return SubmitGPFIFOBase(input, inline_input, output);
+            return WrapFixedInlIn(this, &nvhost_gpu::SubmitGPFIFOBase2, input, inline_input,
+                                  output);
         }
         break;
     }
@@ -121,63 +123,45 @@ NvResult nvhost_gpu::Ioctl3(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> inpu
 void nvhost_gpu::OnOpen(DeviceFD fd) {}
 void nvhost_gpu::OnClose(DeviceFD fd) {}
 
-NvResult nvhost_gpu::SetNVMAPfd(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlSetNvmapFD params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
+NvResult nvhost_gpu::SetNVMAPfd(IoctlSetNvmapFD& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, fd={}", params.nvmap_fd);
 
     nvmap_fd = params.nvmap_fd;
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_gpu::SetClientData(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
+NvResult nvhost_gpu::SetClientData(IoctlClientData& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called");
-
-    IoctlClientData params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
     user_data = params.data;
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_gpu::GetClientData(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
+NvResult nvhost_gpu::GetClientData(IoctlClientData& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called");
-
-    IoctlClientData params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
     params.data = user_data;
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_gpu::ZCullBind(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    std::memcpy(&zcull_params, input.data(), input.size());
+NvResult nvhost_gpu::ZCullBind(IoctlZCullBind& params) {
+    zcull_params = params;
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, gpu_va={:X}, mode={:X}", zcull_params.gpu_va,
               zcull_params.mode);
-
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &zcull_params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_gpu::SetErrorNotifier(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlSetErrorNotifier params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
+NvResult nvhost_gpu::SetErrorNotifier(IoctlSetErrorNotifier& params) {
     LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "(STUBBED) called, offset={:X}, size={:X}, mem={:X}", params.offset,
                 params.size, params.mem);
-
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_gpu::SetChannelPriority(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    std::memcpy(&channel_priority, input.data(), input.size());
+NvResult nvhost_gpu::SetChannelPriority(IoctlChannelSetPriority& params) {
+    channel_priority = params.priority;
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "(STUBBED) called, priority={:X}", channel_priority);
-
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_gpu::AllocGPFIFOEx2(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlAllocGpfifoEx2 params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
+NvResult nvhost_gpu::AllocGPFIFOEx2(IoctlAllocGpfifoEx2& params) {
     LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV,
                 "(STUBBED) called, num_entries={:X}, flags={:X}, unk0={:X}, "
                 "unk1={:X}, unk2={:X}, unk3={:X}",
@@ -193,18 +177,14 @@ NvResult nvhost_gpu::AllocGPFIFOEx2(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> out
 
     params.fence_out = syncpoint_manager.GetSyncpointFence(channel_syncpoint);
 
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_gpu::AllocateObjectContext(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlAllocObjCtx params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
+NvResult nvhost_gpu::AllocateObjectContext(IoctlAllocObjCtx& params) {
     LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "(STUBBED) called, class_num={:X}, flags={:X}", params.class_num,
                 params.flags);
 
     params.obj_id = 0x0;
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
@@ -248,8 +228,7 @@ static boost::container::small_vector<Tegra::CommandHeader, 512> BuildIncrementW
     return result;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_gpu::SubmitGPFIFOImpl(IoctlSubmitGpfifo& params, std::span<u8> output,
-                                      Tegra::CommandList&& entries) {
+NvResult nvhost_gpu::SubmitGPFIFOImpl(IoctlSubmitGpfifo& params, Tegra::CommandList&& entries) {
     LOG_TRACE(Service_NVDRV, "called, gpfifo={:X}, num_entries={:X}, flags={:X}", params.address,
               params.num_entries, params.flags.raw);
 
@@ -290,65 +269,55 @@ NvResult nvhost_gpu::SubmitGPFIFOImpl(IoctlSubmitGpfifo& params, std::span<u8> o
 
     flags.raw = 0;
 
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlSubmitGpfifo));
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_gpu::SubmitGPFIFOBase(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output,
-                                      bool kickoff) {
-    if (input.size() < sizeof(IoctlSubmitGpfifo)) {
+NvResult nvhost_gpu::SubmitGPFIFOBase1(IoctlSubmitGpfifo& params,
+                                       std::span<Tegra::CommandListHeader> commands, bool kickoff) {
+    if (params.num_entries > commands.size()) {
         UNIMPLEMENTED();
         return NvResult::InvalidSize;
     }
-    IoctlSubmitGpfifo params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlSubmitGpfifo));
-    Tegra::CommandList entries(params.num_entries);
 
+    Tegra::CommandList entries(params.num_entries);
     if (kickoff) {
         system.ApplicationMemory().ReadBlock(params.address, entries.command_lists.data(),
                                              params.num_entries * sizeof(Tegra::CommandListHeader));
     } else {
-        std::memcpy(entries.command_lists.data(), &input[sizeof(IoctlSubmitGpfifo)],
+        std::memcpy(entries.command_lists.data(), commands.data(),
                     params.num_entries * sizeof(Tegra::CommandListHeader));
     }
 
-    return SubmitGPFIFOImpl(params, output, std::move(entries));
+    return SubmitGPFIFOImpl(params, std::move(entries));
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_gpu::SubmitGPFIFOBase(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<const u8> input_inline,
-                                      std::span<u8> output) {
-    if (input.size() < sizeof(IoctlSubmitGpfifo)) {
+NvResult nvhost_gpu::SubmitGPFIFOBase2(IoctlSubmitGpfifo& params,
+                                       std::span<const Tegra::CommandListHeader> commands) {
+    if (params.num_entries > commands.size()) {
         UNIMPLEMENTED();
         return NvResult::InvalidSize;
     }
-    IoctlSubmitGpfifo params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlSubmitGpfifo));
+
     Tegra::CommandList entries(params.num_entries);
-    std::memcpy(entries.command_lists.data(), input_inline.data(), input_inline.size());
-    return SubmitGPFIFOImpl(params, output, std::move(entries));
+    std::memcpy(entries.command_lists.data(), commands.data(),
+                params.num_entries * sizeof(Tegra::CommandListHeader));
+    return SubmitGPFIFOImpl(params, std::move(entries));
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_gpu::GetWaitbase(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlGetWaitbase params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlGetWaitbase));
+NvResult nvhost_gpu::GetWaitbase(IoctlGetWaitbase& params) {
     LOG_INFO(Service_NVDRV, "called, unknown=0x{:X}", params.unknown);
 
     params.value = 0; // Seems to be hard coded at 0
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_gpu::ChannelSetTimeout(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlChannelSetTimeout params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlChannelSetTimeout));
+NvResult nvhost_gpu::ChannelSetTimeout(IoctlChannelSetTimeout& params) {
     LOG_INFO(Service_NVDRV, "called, timeout=0x{:X}", params.timeout);
 
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_gpu::ChannelSetTimeslice(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlSetTimeslice params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlSetTimeslice));
+NvResult nvhost_gpu::ChannelSetTimeslice(IoctlSetTimeslice& params) {
     LOG_INFO(Service_NVDRV, "called, timeslice=0x{:X}", params.timeslice);
 
     channel_timeslice = params.timeslice;

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_gpu.h

@@ -186,23 +186,24 @@ private:
     u32_le channel_priority{};
     u32_le channel_timeslice{};
 
-    NvResult SetNVMAPfd(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult SetClientData(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult GetClientData(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult ZCullBind(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult SetErrorNotifier(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult SetChannelPriority(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult AllocGPFIFOEx2(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult AllocateObjectContext(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult SubmitGPFIFOImpl(IoctlSubmitGpfifo& params, std::span<u8> output,
-                              Tegra::CommandList&& entries);
-    NvResult SubmitGPFIFOBase(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output,
-                              bool kickoff = false);
-    NvResult SubmitGPFIFOBase(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<const u8> input_inline,
-                              std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult GetWaitbase(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult ChannelSetTimeout(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult ChannelSetTimeslice(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
+    NvResult SetNVMAPfd(IoctlSetNvmapFD& params);
+    NvResult SetClientData(IoctlClientData& params);
+    NvResult GetClientData(IoctlClientData& params);
+    NvResult ZCullBind(IoctlZCullBind& params);
+    NvResult SetErrorNotifier(IoctlSetErrorNotifier& params);
+    NvResult SetChannelPriority(IoctlChannelSetPriority& params);
+    NvResult AllocGPFIFOEx2(IoctlAllocGpfifoEx2& params);
+    NvResult AllocateObjectContext(IoctlAllocObjCtx& params);
+
+    NvResult SubmitGPFIFOImpl(IoctlSubmitGpfifo& params, Tegra::CommandList&& entries);
+    NvResult SubmitGPFIFOBase1(IoctlSubmitGpfifo& params,
+                               std::span<Tegra::CommandListHeader> commands, bool kickoff = false);
+    NvResult SubmitGPFIFOBase2(IoctlSubmitGpfifo& params,
+                               std::span<const Tegra::CommandListHeader> commands);
+
+    NvResult GetWaitbase(IoctlGetWaitbase& params);
+    NvResult ChannelSetTimeout(IoctlChannelSetTimeout& params);
+    NvResult ChannelSetTimeslice(IoctlSetTimeslice& params);
 
     EventInterface& events_interface;
     NvCore::Container& core;

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_nvdec.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/container.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/ioctl_serialization.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_nvdec.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_base.h"
 
@@ -25,18 +26,18 @@ NvResult nvhost_nvdec::Ioctl1(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> in
             if (!host1x_file.fd_to_id.contains(fd)) {
                 host1x_file.fd_to_id[fd] = host1x_file.nvdec_next_id++;
             }
-            return Submit(fd, input, output);
+            return WrapFixedVariable(this, &nvhost_nvdec::Submit, input, output, fd);
         }
         case 0x2:
-            return GetSyncpoint(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_nvdec::GetSyncpoint, input, output);
         case 0x3:
-            return GetWaitbase(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_nvdec::GetWaitbase, input, output);
         case 0x7:
-            return SetSubmitTimeout(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_nvdec::SetSubmitTimeout, input, output);
         case 0x9:
-            return MapBuffer(input, output);
+            return WrapFixedVariable(this, &nvhost_nvdec::MapBuffer, input, output);
         case 0xa:
-            return UnmapBuffer(input, output);
+            return WrapFixedVariable(this, &nvhost_nvdec::UnmapBuffer, input, output);
         default:
             break;
         }
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ NvResult nvhost_nvdec::Ioctl1(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> in
     case 'H':
         switch (command.cmd) {
         case 0x1:
-            return SetNVMAPfd(input);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_nvdec::SetNVMAPfd, input, output);
         default:
             break;
         }

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_nvdec_common.cpp

@@ -29,6 +29,9 @@ std::size_t SliceVectors(std::span<const u8> input, std::vector<T>& dst, std::si
         return 0;
     }
     const size_t bytes_copied = count * sizeof(T);
+    if (input.size() < offset + bytes_copied) {
+        return 0;
+    }
     std::memcpy(dst.data(), input.data() + offset, bytes_copied);
     return bytes_copied;
 }
@@ -41,6 +44,9 @@ std::size_t WriteVectors(std::span<u8> dst, const std::vector<T>& src, std::size
         return 0;
     }
     const size_t bytes_copied = src.size() * sizeof(T);
+    if (dst.size() < offset + bytes_copied) {
+        return 0;
+    }
     std::memcpy(dst.data() + offset, src.data(), bytes_copied);
     return bytes_copied;
 }
@@ -63,18 +69,14 @@ nvhost_nvdec_common::~nvhost_nvdec_common() {
     core.Host1xDeviceFile().syncpts_accumulated.push_back(channel_syncpoint);
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::SetNVMAPfd(std::span<const u8> input) {
-    IoctlSetNvmapFD params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlSetNvmapFD));
+NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::SetNVMAPfd(IoctlSetNvmapFD& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, fd={}", params.nvmap_fd);
 
     nvmap_fd = params.nvmap_fd;
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::Submit(DeviceFD fd, std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlSubmit params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlSubmit));
+NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::Submit(IoctlSubmit& params, std::span<u8> data, DeviceFD fd) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called NVDEC Submit, cmd_buffer_count={}", params.cmd_buffer_count);
 
     // Instantiate param buffers
@@ -85,12 +87,12 @@ NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::Submit(DeviceFD fd, std::span<const u8> input, std
     std::vector<u32> fence_thresholds(params.fence_count);
 
     // Slice input into their respective buffers
-    std::size_t offset = sizeof(IoctlSubmit);
-    offset += SliceVectors(input, command_buffers, params.cmd_buffer_count, offset);
-    offset += SliceVectors(input, relocs, params.relocation_count, offset);
-    offset += SliceVectors(input, reloc_shifts, params.relocation_count, offset);
-    offset += SliceVectors(input, syncpt_increments, params.syncpoint_count, offset);
-    offset += SliceVectors(input, fence_thresholds, params.fence_count, offset);
+    std::size_t offset = 0;
+    offset += SliceVectors(data, command_buffers, params.cmd_buffer_count, offset);
+    offset += SliceVectors(data, relocs, params.relocation_count, offset);
+    offset += SliceVectors(data, reloc_shifts, params.relocation_count, offset);
+    offset += SliceVectors(data, syncpt_increments, params.syncpoint_count, offset);
+    offset += SliceVectors(data, fence_thresholds, params.fence_count, offset);
 
     auto& gpu = system.GPU();
     if (gpu.UseNvdec()) {
@@ -108,72 +110,51 @@ NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::Submit(DeviceFD fd, std::span<const u8> input, std
                                              cmdlist.size() * sizeof(u32));
         gpu.PushCommandBuffer(core.Host1xDeviceFile().fd_to_id[fd], cmdlist);
     }
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlSubmit));
     // Some games expect command_buffers to be written back
-    offset = sizeof(IoctlSubmit);
-    offset += WriteVectors(output, command_buffers, offset);
-    offset += WriteVectors(output, relocs, offset);
-    offset += WriteVectors(output, reloc_shifts, offset);
-    offset += WriteVectors(output, syncpt_increments, offset);
-    offset += WriteVectors(output, fence_thresholds, offset);
+    offset = 0;
+    offset += WriteVectors(data, command_buffers, offset);
+    offset += WriteVectors(data, relocs, offset);
+    offset += WriteVectors(data, reloc_shifts, offset);
+    offset += WriteVectors(data, syncpt_increments, offset);
+    offset += WriteVectors(data, fence_thresholds, offset);
 
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::GetSyncpoint(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlGetSyncpoint params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlGetSyncpoint));
+NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::GetSyncpoint(IoctlGetSyncpoint& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called GetSyncpoint, id={}", params.param);
-
-    // const u32 id{NvCore::SyncpointManager::channel_syncpoints[static_cast<u32>(channel_type)]};
     params.value = channel_syncpoint;
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlGetSyncpoint));
-
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::GetWaitbase(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlGetWaitbase params{};
+NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::GetWaitbase(IoctlGetWaitbase& params) {
     LOG_CRITICAL(Service_NVDRV, "called WAITBASE");
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlGetWaitbase));
     params.value = 0; // Seems to be hard coded at 0
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlGetWaitbase));
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::MapBuffer(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlMapBuffer params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlMapBuffer));
-    std::vector<MapBufferEntry> cmd_buffer_handles(params.num_entries);
-
-    SliceVectors(input, cmd_buffer_handles, params.num_entries, sizeof(IoctlMapBuffer));
-
-    for (auto& cmd_buffer : cmd_buffer_handles) {
-        cmd_buffer.map_address = nvmap.PinHandle(cmd_buffer.map_handle);
-    }
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlMapBuffer));
-    std::memcpy(output.data() + sizeof(IoctlMapBuffer), cmd_buffer_handles.data(),
-                cmd_buffer_handles.size() * sizeof(MapBufferEntry));
-
-    return NvResult::Success;
-}
-
-NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::UnmapBuffer(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlMapBuffer params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlMapBuffer));
-    std::vector<MapBufferEntry> cmd_buffer_handles(params.num_entries);
-
-    SliceVectors(input, cmd_buffer_handles, params.num_entries, sizeof(IoctlMapBuffer));
-    for (auto& cmd_buffer : cmd_buffer_handles) {
-        nvmap.UnpinHandle(cmd_buffer.map_handle);
+NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::MapBuffer(IoctlMapBuffer& params, std::span<MapBufferEntry> entries) {
+    const size_t num_entries = std::min(params.num_entries, static_cast<u32>(entries.size()));
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_entries; i++) {
+        entries[i].map_address = nvmap.PinHandle(entries[i].map_handle);
     }
 
-    std::memset(output.data(), 0, output.size());
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::SetSubmitTimeout(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    std::memcpy(&submit_timeout, input.data(), input.size());
+NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::UnmapBuffer(IoctlMapBuffer& params,
+                                          std::span<MapBufferEntry> entries) {
+    const size_t num_entries = std::min(params.num_entries, static_cast<u32>(entries.size()));
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_entries; i++) {
+        nvmap.UnpinHandle(entries[i].map_handle);
+        entries[i] = {};
+    }
+
+    params = {};
+    return NvResult::Success;
+}
+
+NvResult nvhost_nvdec_common::SetSubmitTimeout(u32 timeout) {
     LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "(STUBBED) called");
     return NvResult::Success;
 }

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_nvdec_common.h

@@ -107,13 +107,13 @@ protected:
     static_assert(sizeof(IoctlMapBuffer) == 0x0C, "IoctlMapBuffer is incorrect size");
 
     /// Ioctl command implementations
-    NvResult SetNVMAPfd(std::span<const u8> input);
-    NvResult Submit(DeviceFD fd, std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult GetSyncpoint(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult GetWaitbase(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult MapBuffer(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult UnmapBuffer(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult SetSubmitTimeout(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
+    NvResult SetNVMAPfd(IoctlSetNvmapFD&);
+    NvResult Submit(IoctlSubmit& params, std::span<u8> input, DeviceFD fd);
+    NvResult GetSyncpoint(IoctlGetSyncpoint& params);
+    NvResult GetWaitbase(IoctlGetWaitbase& params);
+    NvResult MapBuffer(IoctlMapBuffer& params, std::span<MapBufferEntry> entries);
+    NvResult UnmapBuffer(IoctlMapBuffer& params, std::span<MapBufferEntry> entries);
+    NvResult SetSubmitTimeout(u32 timeout);
 
     Kernel::KEvent* QueryEvent(u32 event_id) override;
 

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_nvjpg.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/ioctl_serialization.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_nvjpg.h"
 
 namespace Service::Nvidia::Devices {
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ NvResult nvhost_nvjpg::Ioctl1(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> in
     case 'H':
         switch (command.cmd) {
         case 0x1:
-            return SetNVMAPfd(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_nvjpg::SetNVMAPfd, input, output);
         default:
             break;
         }
@@ -46,9 +47,7 @@ NvResult nvhost_nvjpg::Ioctl3(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> in
 void nvhost_nvjpg::OnOpen(DeviceFD fd) {}
 void nvhost_nvjpg::OnClose(DeviceFD fd) {}
 
-NvResult nvhost_nvjpg::SetNVMAPfd(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IoctlSetNvmapFD params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
+NvResult nvhost_nvjpg::SetNVMAPfd(IoctlSetNvmapFD& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, fd={}", params.nvmap_fd);
 
     nvmap_fd = params.nvmap_fd;

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_nvjpg.h

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ private:
 
     s32_le nvmap_fd{};
 
-    NvResult SetNVMAPfd(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
+    NvResult SetNVMAPfd(IoctlSetNvmapFD& params);
 };
 
 } // namespace Service::Nvidia::Devices

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_vic.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/container.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/ioctl_serialization.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_vic.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_base.h"
 
@@ -25,16 +26,16 @@ NvResult nvhost_vic::Ioctl1(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> inpu
             if (!host1x_file.fd_to_id.contains(fd)) {
                 host1x_file.fd_to_id[fd] = host1x_file.vic_next_id++;
             }
-            return Submit(fd, input, output);
+            return WrapFixedVariable(this, &nvhost_vic::Submit, input, output, fd);
         }
         case 0x2:
-            return GetSyncpoint(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_vic::GetSyncpoint, input, output);
         case 0x3:
-            return GetWaitbase(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_vic::GetWaitbase, input, output);
         case 0x9:
-            return MapBuffer(input, output);
+            return WrapFixedVariable(this, &nvhost_vic::MapBuffer, input, output);
         case 0xa:
-            return UnmapBuffer(input, output);
+            return WrapFixedVariable(this, &nvhost_vic::UnmapBuffer, input, output);
         default:
             break;
         }
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@ NvResult nvhost_vic::Ioctl1(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> inpu
     case 'H':
         switch (command.cmd) {
         case 0x1:
-            return SetNVMAPfd(input);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvhost_vic::SetNVMAPfd, input, output);
         default:
             break;
         }

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvmap.cpp

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_process.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/container.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/nvmap.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/ioctl_serialization.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvmap.h"
 #include "core/memory.h"
 
@@ -31,17 +32,17 @@ NvResult nvmap::Ioctl1(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> input,
     case 0x1:
         switch (command.cmd) {
         case 0x1:
-            return IocCreate(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvmap::IocCreate, input, output);
         case 0x3:
-            return IocFromId(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvmap::IocFromId, input, output);
         case 0x4:
-            return IocAlloc(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvmap::IocAlloc, input, output);
         case 0x5:
-            return IocFree(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvmap::IocFree, input, output);
         case 0x9:
-            return IocParam(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvmap::IocParam, input, output);
         case 0xe:
-            return IocGetId(input, output);
+            return WrapFixed(this, &nvmap::IocGetId, input, output);
         default:
             break;
         }
@@ -69,9 +70,7 @@ NvResult nvmap::Ioctl3(DeviceFD fd, Ioctl command, std::span<const u8> input, st
 void nvmap::OnOpen(DeviceFD fd) {}
 void nvmap::OnClose(DeviceFD fd) {}
 
-NvResult nvmap::IocCreate(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IocCreateParams params;
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(params));
+NvResult nvmap::IocCreate(IocCreateParams& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, size=0x{:08X}", params.size);
 
     std::shared_ptr<NvCore::NvMap::Handle> handle_description{};
@@ -85,13 +84,10 @@ NvResult nvmap::IocCreate(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
     params.handle = handle_description->id;
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "handle: {}, size: 0x{:X}", handle_description->id, params.size);
 
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(params));
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvmap::IocAlloc(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IocAllocParams params;
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(params));
+NvResult nvmap::IocAlloc(IocAllocParams& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, addr={:X}", params.address);
 
     if (!params.handle) {
@@ -133,14 +129,10 @@ NvResult nvmap::IocAlloc(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
                                              handle_description->size,
                                              Kernel::KMemoryPermission::None, true, false)
                .IsSuccess());
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(params));
     return result;
 }
 
-NvResult nvmap::IocGetId(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IocGetIdParams params;
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(params));
-
+NvResult nvmap::IocGetId(IocGetIdParams& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called");
 
     // See the comment in FromId for extra info on this function
@@ -157,14 +149,10 @@ NvResult nvmap::IocGetId(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
     }
 
     params.id = handle_description->id;
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(params));
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvmap::IocFromId(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IocFromIdParams params;
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(params));
-
+NvResult nvmap::IocFromId(IocFromIdParams& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, id:{}", params.id);
 
     // Handles and IDs are always the same value in nvmap however IDs can be used globally given the
@@ -188,16 +176,12 @@ NvResult nvmap::IocFromId(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
         return result;
     }
     params.handle = handle_description->id;
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(params));
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvmap::IocParam(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
+NvResult nvmap::IocParam(IocParamParams& params) {
     enum class ParamTypes { Size = 1, Alignment = 2, Base = 3, Heap = 4, Kind = 5, Compr = 6 };
 
-    IocParamParams params;
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(params));
-
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called type={}", params.param);
 
     if (!params.handle) {
@@ -237,14 +221,10 @@ NvResult nvmap::IocParam(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
         return NvResult::BadValue;
     }
 
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(params));
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 
-NvResult nvmap::IocFree(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
-    IocFreeParams params;
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(params));
-
+NvResult nvmap::IocFree(IocFreeParams& params) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called");
 
     if (!params.handle) {
@@ -267,7 +247,6 @@ NvResult nvmap::IocFree(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output) {
         // This is possible when there's internal dups or other duplicates.
     }
 
-    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(params));
     return NvResult::Success;
 }
 

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvmap.h

@@ -99,12 +99,12 @@ public:
     };
     static_assert(sizeof(IocGetIdParams) == 8, "IocGetIdParams has wrong size");
 
-    NvResult IocCreate(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult IocAlloc(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult IocGetId(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult IocFromId(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult IocParam(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
-    NvResult IocFree(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output);
+    NvResult IocCreate(IocCreateParams& params);
+    NvResult IocAlloc(IocAllocParams& params);
+    NvResult IocGetId(IocGetIdParams& params);
+    NvResult IocFromId(IocFromIdParams& params);
+    NvResult IocParam(IocParamParams& params);
+    NvResult IocFree(IocFreeParams& params);
 
 private:
     /// Id to use for the next handle that is created.

src/core/hle/service/nvnflinger/buffer_transform_flags.h

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 
 namespace Service::android {
@@ -21,5 +22,6 @@ enum class BufferTransformFlags : u32 {
     /// Rotate source image 270 degrees clockwise
     Rotate270 = 0x07,
 };
+DECLARE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS(BufferTransformFlags);
 
 } // namespace Service::android

src/core/hle/service/nvnflinger/fb_share_buffer_manager.cpp

@@ -71,24 +71,17 @@ Result AllocateIoForProcessAddressSpace(Common::ProcessAddress* out_map_address,
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-template <typename T>
-std::span<u8> SerializeIoc(T& params) {
-    return std::span(reinterpret_cast<u8*>(std::addressof(params)), sizeof(T));
-}
-
 Result CreateNvMapHandle(u32* out_nv_map_handle, Nvidia::Devices::nvmap& nvmap, u32 size) {
     // Create a handle.
-    Nvidia::Devices::nvmap::IocCreateParams create_in_params{
+    Nvidia::Devices::nvmap::IocCreateParams create_params{
         .size = size,
         .handle = 0,
     };
-    Nvidia::Devices::nvmap::IocCreateParams create_out_params{};
-    R_UNLESS(nvmap.IocCreate(SerializeIoc(create_in_params), SerializeIoc(create_out_params)) ==
-                 Nvidia::NvResult::Success,
+    R_UNLESS(nvmap.IocCreate(create_params) == Nvidia::NvResult::Success,
              VI::ResultOperationFailed);
 
     // Assign the output handle.
-    *out_nv_map_handle = create_out_params.handle;
+    *out_nv_map_handle = create_params.handle;
 
     // We succeeded.
     R_SUCCEED();
@@ -96,13 +89,10 @@ Result CreateNvMapHandle(u32* out_nv_map_handle, Nvidia::Devices::nvmap& nvmap,
 
 Result FreeNvMapHandle(Nvidia::Devices::nvmap& nvmap, u32 handle) {
     // Free the handle.
-    Nvidia::Devices::nvmap::IocFreeParams free_in_params{
+    Nvidia::Devices::nvmap::IocFreeParams free_params{
         .handle = handle,
     };
-    Nvidia::Devices::nvmap::IocFreeParams free_out_params{};
-    R_UNLESS(nvmap.IocFree(SerializeIoc(free_in_params), SerializeIoc(free_out_params)) ==
-                 Nvidia::NvResult::Success,
-             VI::ResultOperationFailed);
+    R_UNLESS(nvmap.IocFree(free_params) == Nvidia::NvResult::Success, VI::ResultOperationFailed);
 
     // We succeeded.
     R_SUCCEED();
@@ -111,7 +101,7 @@ Result FreeNvMapHandle(Nvidia::Devices::nvmap& nvmap, u32 handle) {
 Result AllocNvMapHandle(Nvidia::Devices::nvmap& nvmap, u32 handle, Common::ProcessAddress buffer,
                         u32 size) {
     // Assign the allocated memory to the handle.
-    Nvidia::Devices::nvmap::IocAllocParams alloc_in_params{
+    Nvidia::Devices::nvmap::IocAllocParams alloc_params{
         .handle = handle,
         .heap_mask = 0,
         .flags = {},
@@ -119,10 +109,7 @@ Result AllocNvMapHandle(Nvidia::Devices::nvmap& nvmap, u32 handle, Common::Proce
         .kind = 0,
         .address = GetInteger(buffer),
     };
-    Nvidia::Devices::nvmap::IocAllocParams alloc_out_params{};
-    R_UNLESS(nvmap.IocAlloc(SerializeIoc(alloc_in_params), SerializeIoc(alloc_out_params)) ==
-                 Nvidia::NvResult::Success,
-             VI::ResultOperationFailed);
+    R_UNLESS(nvmap.IocAlloc(alloc_params) == Nvidia::NvResult::Success, VI::ResultOperationFailed);
 
     // We succeeded.
     R_SUCCEED();

src/core/memory.cpp

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ struct Memory::Impl {
     explicit Impl(Core::System& system_) : system{system_} {}
 
     void SetCurrentPageTable(Kernel::KProcess& process, u32 core_id) {
-        current_page_table = &process.GetPageTable().PageTableImpl();
+        current_page_table = &process.GetPageTable().GetImpl();
         current_page_table->fastmem_arena = system.DeviceMemory().buffer.VirtualBasePointer();
 
         const std::size_t address_space_width = process.GetPageTable().GetAddressSpaceWidth();
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ struct Memory::Impl {
 
     bool WalkBlock(const Common::ProcessAddress addr, const std::size_t size, auto on_unmapped,
                    auto on_memory, auto on_rasterizer, auto increment) {
-        const auto& page_table = system.ApplicationProcess()->GetPageTable().PageTableImpl();
+        const auto& page_table = system.ApplicationProcess()->GetPageTable().GetImpl();
         std::size_t remaining_size = size;
         std::size_t page_index = addr >> YUZU_PAGEBITS;
         std::size_t page_offset = addr & YUZU_PAGEMASK;
@@ -826,7 +826,7 @@ void Memory::UnmapRegion(Common::PageTable& page_table, Common::ProcessAddress b
 
 bool Memory::IsValidVirtualAddress(const Common::ProcessAddress vaddr) const {
     const Kernel::KProcess& process = *system.ApplicationProcess();
-    const auto& page_table = process.GetPageTable().PageTableImpl();
+    const auto& page_table = process.GetPageTable().GetImpl();
     const size_t page = vaddr >> YUZU_PAGEBITS;
     if (page >= page_table.pointers.size()) {
         return false;

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_blit_screen.cpp

@@ -137,6 +137,56 @@ BlitScreen::BlitScreen(Core::Memory::Memory& cpu_memory_, Core::Frontend::EmuWin
 
 BlitScreen::~BlitScreen() = default;
 
+static Common::Rectangle<f32> NormalizeCrop(const Tegra::FramebufferConfig& framebuffer,
+                                            const ScreenInfo& screen_info) {
+    f32 left, top, right, bottom;
+
+    if (!framebuffer.crop_rect.IsEmpty()) {
+        // If crop rectangle is not empty, apply properties from rectangle.
+        left = static_cast<f32>(framebuffer.crop_rect.left);
+        top = static_cast<f32>(framebuffer.crop_rect.top);
+        right = static_cast<f32>(framebuffer.crop_rect.right);
+        bottom = static_cast<f32>(framebuffer.crop_rect.bottom);
+    } else {
+        // Otherwise, fall back to framebuffer dimensions.
+        left = 0;
+        top = 0;
+        right = static_cast<f32>(framebuffer.width);
+        bottom = static_cast<f32>(framebuffer.height);
+    }
+
+    // Apply transformation flags.
+    auto framebuffer_transform_flags = framebuffer.transform_flags;
+
+    if (True(framebuffer_transform_flags & Service::android::BufferTransformFlags::FlipH)) {
+        // Switch left and right.
+        std::swap(left, right);
+    }
+    if (True(framebuffer_transform_flags & Service::android::BufferTransformFlags::FlipV)) {
+        // Switch top and bottom.
+        std::swap(top, bottom);
+    }
+
+    framebuffer_transform_flags &= ~Service::android::BufferTransformFlags::FlipH;
+    framebuffer_transform_flags &= ~Service::android::BufferTransformFlags::FlipV;
+    if (True(framebuffer_transform_flags)) {
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unsupported framebuffer_transform_flags={}",
+                          static_cast<u32>(framebuffer_transform_flags));
+    }
+
+    // Get the screen properties.
+    const f32 screen_width = static_cast<f32>(screen_info.width);
+    const f32 screen_height = static_cast<f32>(screen_info.height);
+
+    // Normalize coordinate space.
+    left /= screen_width;
+    top /= screen_height;
+    right /= screen_width;
+    bottom /= screen_height;
+
+    return Common::Rectangle<f32>(left, top, right, bottom);
+}
+
 void BlitScreen::Recreate() {
     present_manager.WaitPresent();
     scheduler.Finish();
@@ -354,17 +404,10 @@ void BlitScreen::Draw(const Tegra::FramebufferConfig& framebuffer,
         source_image_view = smaa->Draw(scheduler, image_index, source_image, source_image_view);
     }
     if (fsr) {
-        auto crop_rect = framebuffer.crop_rect;
-        if (crop_rect.GetWidth() == 0) {
-            crop_rect.right = framebuffer.width;
-        }
-        if (crop_rect.GetHeight() == 0) {
-            crop_rect.bottom = framebuffer.height;
-        }
-        crop_rect = crop_rect.Scale(Settings::values.resolution_info.up_factor);
-        VkExtent2D fsr_input_size{
-            .width = Settings::values.resolution_info.ScaleUp(framebuffer.width),
-            .height = Settings::values.resolution_info.ScaleUp(framebuffer.height),
+        const auto crop_rect = NormalizeCrop(framebuffer, screen_info);
+        const VkExtent2D fsr_input_size{
+            .width = Settings::values.resolution_info.ScaleUp(screen_info.width),
+            .height = Settings::values.resolution_info.ScaleUp(screen_info.height),
         };
         VkImageView fsr_image_view =
             fsr->Draw(scheduler, image_index, source_image_view, fsr_input_size, crop_rect);
@@ -1397,61 +1440,37 @@ void BlitScreen::SetUniformData(BufferData& data, const Layout::FramebufferLayou
 
 void BlitScreen::SetVertexData(BufferData& data, const Tegra::FramebufferConfig& framebuffer,
                                const Layout::FramebufferLayout layout) const {
-    const auto& framebuffer_transform_flags = framebuffer.transform_flags;
-    const auto& framebuffer_crop_rect = framebuffer.crop_rect;
+    f32 left, top, right, bottom;
 
-    static constexpr Common::Rectangle<f32> texcoords{0.f, 0.f, 1.f, 1.f};
-    auto left = texcoords.left;
-    auto right = texcoords.right;
+    if (fsr) {
+        // FSR has already applied the crop, so we just want to render the image
+        // it has produced.
+        left = 0;
+        top = 0;
+        right = 1;
+        bottom = 1;
+    } else {
+        // Get the normalized crop rectangle.
+        const auto crop = NormalizeCrop(framebuffer, screen_info);
 
-    switch (framebuffer_transform_flags) {
-    case Service::android::BufferTransformFlags::Unset:
-        break;
-    case Service::android::BufferTransformFlags::FlipV:
-        // Flip the framebuffer vertically
-        left = texcoords.right;
-        right = texcoords.left;
-        break;
-    default:
-        UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unsupported framebuffer_transform_flags={}",
-                          static_cast<u32>(framebuffer_transform_flags));
-        break;
-    }
-
-    UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(framebuffer_crop_rect.left != 0);
-
-    f32 left_start{};
-    if (framebuffer_crop_rect.Top() > 0) {
-        left_start = static_cast<f32>(framebuffer_crop_rect.Top()) /
-                     static_cast<f32>(framebuffer_crop_rect.Bottom());
-    }
-    f32 scale_u = static_cast<f32>(framebuffer.width) / static_cast<f32>(screen_info.width);
-    f32 scale_v = static_cast<f32>(framebuffer.height) / static_cast<f32>(screen_info.height);
-    // Scale the output by the crop width/height. This is commonly used with 1280x720 rendering
-    // (e.g. handheld mode) on a 1920x1080 framebuffer.
-    if (!fsr) {
-        if (framebuffer_crop_rect.GetWidth() > 0) {
-            scale_u = static_cast<f32>(framebuffer_crop_rect.GetWidth()) /
-                      static_cast<f32>(screen_info.width);
-        }
-        if (framebuffer_crop_rect.GetHeight() > 0) {
-            scale_v = static_cast<f32>(framebuffer_crop_rect.GetHeight()) /
-                      static_cast<f32>(screen_info.height);
-        }
+        // Apply the crop.
+        left = crop.left;
+        top = crop.top;
+        right = crop.right;
+        bottom = crop.bottom;
     }
 
+    // Map the coordinates to the screen.
     const auto& screen = layout.screen;
     const auto x = static_cast<f32>(screen.left);
     const auto y = static_cast<f32>(screen.top);
     const auto w = static_cast<f32>(screen.GetWidth());
     const auto h = static_cast<f32>(screen.GetHeight());
-    data.vertices[0] = ScreenRectVertex(x, y, texcoords.top * scale_u, left_start + left * scale_v);
-    data.vertices[1] =
-        ScreenRectVertex(x + w, y, texcoords.bottom * scale_u, left_start + left * scale_v);
-    data.vertices[2] =
-        ScreenRectVertex(x, y + h, texcoords.top * scale_u, left_start + right * scale_v);
-    data.vertices[3] =
-        ScreenRectVertex(x + w, y + h, texcoords.bottom * scale_u, left_start + right * scale_v);
+
+    data.vertices[0] = ScreenRectVertex(x, y, left, top);
+    data.vertices[1] = ScreenRectVertex(x + w, y, right, top);
+    data.vertices[2] = ScreenRectVertex(x, y + h, left, bottom);
+    data.vertices[3] = ScreenRectVertex(x + w, y + h, right, bottom);
 }
 
 void BlitScreen::CreateSMAA(VkExtent2D smaa_size) {

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_fsr.cpp

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ FSR::FSR(const Device& device_, MemoryAllocator& memory_allocator_, size_t image
 }
 
 VkImageView FSR::Draw(Scheduler& scheduler, size_t image_index, VkImageView image_view,
-                      VkExtent2D input_image_extent, const Common::Rectangle<int>& crop_rect) {
+                      VkExtent2D input_image_extent, const Common::Rectangle<f32>& crop_rect) {
 
     UpdateDescriptorSet(image_index, image_view);
 
@@ -61,15 +61,21 @@ VkImageView FSR::Draw(Scheduler& scheduler, size_t image_index, VkImageView imag
 
         cmdbuf.BindPipeline(VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE, *easu_pipeline);
 
-        std::array<u32, 4 * 4> push_constants;
-        FsrEasuConOffset(
-            push_constants.data() + 0, push_constants.data() + 4, push_constants.data() + 8,
-            push_constants.data() + 12,
+        const f32 input_image_width = static_cast<f32>(input_image_extent.width);
+        const f32 input_image_height = static_cast<f32>(input_image_extent.height);
+        const f32 output_image_width = static_cast<f32>(output_size.width);
+        const f32 output_image_height = static_cast<f32>(output_size.height);
+        const f32 viewport_width = (crop_rect.right - crop_rect.left) * input_image_width;
+        const f32 viewport_x = crop_rect.left * input_image_width;
+        const f32 viewport_height = (crop_rect.bottom - crop_rect.top) * input_image_height;
+        const f32 viewport_y = crop_rect.top * input_image_height;
 
-            static_cast<f32>(crop_rect.GetWidth()), static_cast<f32>(crop_rect.GetHeight()),
-            static_cast<f32>(input_image_extent.width), static_cast<f32>(input_image_extent.height),
-            static_cast<f32>(output_size.width), static_cast<f32>(output_size.height),
-            static_cast<f32>(crop_rect.left), static_cast<f32>(crop_rect.top));
+        std::array<u32, 4 * 4> push_constants;
+        FsrEasuConOffset(push_constants.data() + 0, push_constants.data() + 4,
+                         push_constants.data() + 8, push_constants.data() + 12,
+
+                         viewport_width, viewport_height, input_image_width, input_image_height,
+                         output_image_width, output_image_height, viewport_x, viewport_y);
         cmdbuf.PushConstants(*pipeline_layout, VK_SHADER_STAGE_COMPUTE_BIT, push_constants);
 
         {

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_fsr.h

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public:
     explicit FSR(const Device& device, MemoryAllocator& memory_allocator, size_t image_count,
                  VkExtent2D output_size);
     VkImageView Draw(Scheduler& scheduler, size_t image_index, VkImageView image_view,
-                     VkExtent2D input_image_extent, const Common::Rectangle<int>& crop_rect);
+                     VkExtent2D input_image_extent, const Common::Rectangle<f32>& crop_rect);
 
 private:
     void CreateDescriptorPool();

src/yuzu/vk_device_info.cpp

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ void PopulateRecords(std::vector<Record>& records, QWindow* window) try {
     // Create a test window with a Vulkan surface type for checking present modes.
     QWindow test_window(window);
     test_window.setSurfaceType(QWindow::VulkanSurface);
+    test_window.create();
     auto wsi = QtCommon::GetWindowSystemInfo(&test_window);
 
     vk::InstanceDispatch dld;