195 lines
19 KiB
Markdown
195 lines
19 KiB
Markdown
# I-Cloudwall Enkulu
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![] "
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---
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## Misa i-Cloudflare
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| 🖹 | 🖼 |
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| --- | --- |
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| I- "Cloud Cloudwall" enkulu iCloudflare Inc., inkampani yase-U.S. Inikezela ngezinsizakalo ze-CDN (inethiwekhi yokulethwa kokuqukethwe), ukuncishiswa kwe-DDoS, ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi, kanye nezinsizakalo ze-DNS (zesizinda segama lesizinda) ezisatshalaliswa. |  |
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| I-Cloudflare yommeleli omkhulu we-MITM emhlabeni (ummeleli ophambukayo). I-Cloudflare inabanini abangaphezulu kwama-80% wezabelo zemakethe ze-CDN kanye nenani labasebenzisi befu. Bangezelele inethiwekhi yabo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. I-Cloudflare isebenza nge-web traffic kakhulu kune-Twitter, i-Amazon, i-Apple, i-Instagram, i-Bing ne-Wikipedia ehlanganisiwe. I-Cloudflare inikeza uhlelo lwamahhala futhi abantu abaningi bayayisebenzisa esikhundleni sokumisa amaseva abo kahle. Babedayisa ubumfihlo ngokungcono. |  |
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| I-Cloudflare ihlala phakathi kwakho nomsuka webserver, esebenza njenge-ejenti yokuhamba umngcele. Awukwazi ukuxhuma endaweni oyikhethile. Uxhuma ku-Cloudflare futhi yonke imininingwane yakho iyathuliswa futhi idluliselwe endibeni. |  |
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| Umqondisi we-webserver odabuka wavumela i-ejenti - iCloudflare - ukuthi inqume ukuthi ngubani ongangena "empahleni yewebhu" yabo futhi ichaze "indawo ekhawulelwe". |  |
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| Bheka isithombe esifanele. Uzocabanga ukuthi i-Cloudflare block kuphela abantu ababi. Uzocabanga ukuthi iCloudflare ihlala iku-inthanethi (ungaze wehle). Uzocabanga ukuthi ama-bots bots nabakhandi bangakhombisa iwebhusayithi yakho. |  |
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| Kodwa-ke lokho akulona iqiniso nakancane. I-Cloudflare ivimba abantu abangenacala ngaphandle kwesizathu. I-Cloudflare ingaya phansi. I-Cloudflare ivimba ama-bots bots. |  |
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| Njenganoma iyiphi insizakalo yokusingathwa, iCloudflare ayiphelele. Uzobona lesi sikrini noma ngabe iseva yomsuka isebenza kahle. |  |
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| Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi i-Cloudflare ine-100% isikhathi esengeziwe? Awunangqondo ukuthi iCloudflare yehla kangaki. Uma iCloudflare yehla ikhasimende lakho alikwazi ukungena kuwebhusayithi yakho. | ![]]/media/branch/master/image/cloudflareoutage2020.jpg) |
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| Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi kubhekiselwa kwi-Great Firewall yaseChina eyenza umsebenzi wokuqhafaza abantu abaningi bangakuboni okuqukethwe kwewebhu (okusho wonke umuntu ezweni lase China nabantu bangaphandle) ngenkathi ngasikhathi sinye labo abangathintekanga ukubona iwebhu ehlukile kakhulu , iwebhu engenakho ukucabanga okufana nesithombe se- "tank man" nomlando wokubhikisha "kweTiananmen Square". |  |
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| I-Cloudflare inamandla amakhulu. Ngomqondo othile, balawula lokho okubonwa ngumsebenzisi ekugcineni. Uvinjelwe ukuphequlula iwebhusayithi ngenxa ye-Cloudflare. |  |
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| I-Cloudflare ingasetjenziselwa ukucubungula. |  |
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| Awukwazi ukubuka iwebhusayithi efakwe amafu uma usebenzisa isiphequluli esincane i-Cloudflare engacabanga ukuthi yi-bot (ngoba ababaningi abantu abayisebenzisayo). |  |
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| Awukwazi ukudlulisa lokhu "isiphequluli" esingahlaseli ngaphandle kokunika amandla iJavascript. Lokhu ukuchitha imizuzwana emihlanu (noma ngaphezulu) yempilo yakho ebalulekile. |  |
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| I-Cloudflare futhi ivimba ngokuzenzakalelayo amarobhothi/abakhaseli njenge-Google, Yandex, Yacy, kanye namakhasimende e-API. I-Cloudflare iqapha ngentshiseko umphakathi "odlula Cloudflare" umphakathi ngenhloso yokuhlephula i-bots yocwaningo. |  |
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| I-Cloudflare ngokufanayo ivimbela abantu abaningi abanokuxhumana okungaxhunyiwe kwe-inthanethi ukufinyelela amawebhusayithi ngemuva kwayo (ngokwesibonelo, bangaba ngemuva kwezendlalelo ezingama-7+ ze-NAT noma babelane nge-IP efanayo, ngokwesibonelo i-Wifi yomphakathi) ngaphandle kokuthi baxazulule ama-picha amaningi amaCAPTCHA. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kuzothatha imizuzu eyi-10 kuye kwengama-30 ukwanelisa iGoogle. |  |
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| Ngonyaka ka-2020 iCloudflare ishintshe isuka kuRecaptcha yakwaGoogle yaya ku-hCaptcha njengoba iGoogle ihlose ukuyokhokhisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo. I-Cloudflare ikutshele ukuthi bayayikhathalela ubumfihlo bakho ("kuyasiza ukulungisa ukukhathazeka kobumfihlo") kepha ngokusobala kungamanga. Imayelana nemali. "I-hCaptcha ivumela amawebhusayithi ukuthi enze imali ukwenza le mfuno ngenkathi ivimba i-bots nezinye izindlela zokuhlukumezeka" - Ngokombono womsebenzisi, lokhu akushintshi kakhulu. Uyaphoqelelwa ukuthi uyixazulule. |  |
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| Abantu abaningi nesoftware bavinjwa yi-Cloudflare nsuku zonke. |  |
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| I-Cloudflare icasule abantu abaningi emhlabeni jikelele. Bheka uhlu bese ucabanga ukuthi ukwamukela i-Cloudflare kusayithi lakho kulungile kulwazi lomsebenzisi. |  |
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| Yini inhloso ye-inthanethi uma ungakwazi ukwenza lokho okufunayo? Abantu abaningi abavakashela iwebhusayithi yakho bazomane babheke amanye amakhasi uma bengakwazi ukulayisha ikhasi le-web. Ungahle ungavimbeli noma yiziphi izivakashi, kepha isibhengezo somlilo esizenzakalelayo se-Cloudflare siqine ngokwanele ukuvimba abantu abaningi. | ![] "/media/branch/master/image/omsappl.jpg) |
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| Ayikho indlela yokuxazulula i-Captcha ngaphandle kokunika amandla iJavascript kanye namakhukhi. I-Cloudflare iyabasebenzisa ukwenza isignesha sesiphequluli ukukubona. I-Cloudflare idinga ukwazi ubunikazi bakho ukunquma ukuthi ngabe u-eligeble ukuze uqhubeke ukuphequlula isiza. |  |
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| Abasebenzisi be-Tor nabasebenzisi be-VPN nabo bayisisulu se-Cloudflare. Zombili lezi zixazululo zisetshenziswa ngabantu abaningi abangakwazi ukukhokhela i-inthanethi engafundile ngenxa yenqubomgomo yezwe/yabo yenhlangano/yenethiwekhi noma abafuna ukwengeza ungqimba olungeziwe ukuvikela ubumfihlo babo. I-Cloudflare ihlasela ngokungenamahloni labo bantu, ibaphoqa ukuthi bacishe isixazululo sommeleli. |  |
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| Uma ungazange uzame iTor kuze kube manje, sikukhuthaza ukulanda i-Tor Browser futhi uvakashele amawebhusayithi akho owathandayo. (Iseluleko: Musa ukungena ngemvume kuwebhusayithi yakho yasebhange noma ekhasini lewebhu likahulumeni noma bazomaka i-akhawunti yakho. Sebenzisa i-VPN kulawo mawebhusayithi.) |  |
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| Ungahle uthande ukusho ukuthi "iTor ayikho emthethweni! Abasebenzisi be-Tor bayizigebengu! I-Tor is bad!". Cha. Ungase ufunde ngeTor kumabonakude, uthi iTor ingasetshenziswa ukubhekisisa izibhamu ezimnyama nezokuhweba, izidakamizwa noma i-chid porn. Yize isitatimende esingenhla siliqiniso ukuthi ziningi iwebhusayithi zemakethe lapho ungathenga khona izinto ezinjalo, lawo masayithi nawo avela naku-clearnet. |  |
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| I-Tor yathuthukiswa Amasosha ase-US, kepha iTor yakhona yathuthukiswa yiphrojekthi yeTor. Kunabantu abaningi kanye nezinhlangano ezisebenzisa iTor kufaka abangane bakho bakusasa. Ngakho-ke, uma usebenzisa iCloudflare kuwebhusayithi yakho uvimba abantu bangempela. Uzolahlekelwa ubungani obunokwenzeka kanye nesivumelwano sebhizinisi. |  |
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| Futhi insizakalo yabo ye-DNS, engu-1.1.1.1, ibuye ihlunge abasebenzisi ukuthi bavakashele iwebhusayithi ngokubuyisa ikheli le-IP elingelolabakwa-Cloudflare, IPh yasendaweni efana ne- "127.0.0.x", noma babuyise nje lutho. | ![] "/media/branch/master/image/cferr1016sp.jpg) |
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| I-Cloudflare DNS ibuye igqekeze isoftware eku-inthanethi kusuka kuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-smartphone iye kumdlalo wekhompyutha ngenxa yempendulo yabo engamanga ye-DNS. I-Cloudflare DNS ayikwazi ukubuza amanye amawebhusayithi asebhange. | ![] "/media/branch/master/image/dnsfailtest.jpg) |
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| Futhi lapha ungacabanga, <br> "Angisebenzisi iTor noma i-VPN, kungani kufanele nginakekele?" <br> "Ngiyethemba ukumaketha kwe-Cloudflare, kungani kufanele nginakekele" <br> "Iwebhusayithi yami i-https kungani kufanele nginakekele "|  |
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| Uma uvakashela iwebhusayithi esebenzisa i-Cloudflare, wabelana ngemininingwane yakho hhayi kumnikazi wewebhusayithi kuphela kepha futhi ne-Cloudflare. Le ndlela isebenza kanjena isebenza kanjani. |  |
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| Akunakwenzeka ukuhlaziya ngaphandle kokubeka isiminyaminya i-TLS traffic. |  |
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| I-Cloudflare yazi yonke imininingwane yakho efana ne-password eluhlaza. |  |
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| I-Cloudbeed ingenzeka noma nini. |  |
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| I-Cloudflare's https ayikaze iphele-ukuphela. |  |
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| Ngabe uyafuna ngempela ukwabelana ngemininingwane yakho ne-Cloudflare, kanye ne-ejensi eyi-3? |  |
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| Iphrofayili yomsebenzisi we-inthanethi "umkhiqizo" uhulumeni nezinkampani ezinkulu ze-tech abafuna ukuzithenga. |  |
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| UMnyango Wezokuphepha KwaseMelika uthe: "Uyazi yini ukuthi imininingwane yakho ibaluleke kangakanani? Ngabe ikhona indlela ongasithengisa ngayo leyo datha?" |  |
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| I-Cloudflare iphinde inikeze insizakalo ye-MAHHALA ye-VPN ebizwa nge- "Cloudflare Warp". Uma uyisebenzisa, konke ukuxhumana kwakho kwe-smartphone (noma ikhompyutha yakho) kuthunyelwa kumaseva we-Cloudflare. I-Cloudflare iyakwazi ukuthi iyiphi iwebhusayithi oyifundile, yikuphi ukuphawula okuthumele, okhulume nobani, njll. Ngokuzithandela unikela yonke imininingwane yakho ku-Cloudflare. Uma ucabanga ukuthi "Uyahlekisa? I-Cloudflare iphephile." lapho-ke kufanele ufunde ukuthi i-VPN isebenza kanjani. |  |
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| I-Cloudflare ithe inkonzo yabo ye-VPN yenza i-inthanethi yakho isheshe. Kodwa i-VPN yenza ukuxhumana kwakho kwe-inthanethi kube kancane kunokuxhuma kwakho okukhona. |  |
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| Kungenzeka ukuthi usuvele uyazi ngesehlakalo se-PRISM. Kuliqiniso ukuthi i-AT & T ivumela i-NSA ukuthi ikopishe yonke idatha ye-inthanethi ukuze ihlolwe. |  |
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| Ake sithi usebenza kwa-NSA, futhi ufuna yonke imininingwane ye-inthanethi yezakhamizi. Uyazi ukuthi iningi labo lithembela ngokungagxili ku-Cloudflare futhi bayisebenzisa - isango elilodwa elihlanganisiwe - ukubanga uxhumano lweseva yenkampani yabo (SSH/RDP), iwebhusayithi yomuntu siqu, iwebhusayithi yokuxoxa, iwebhusayithi yeforamu, iwebhusayithi yebhange, iwebhusayithi yomshuwalense, injini yokusesha, ilungu eliyimfihlo Iwebhusayithi -yodwa, iwebhusayithi ye-auction, ukuyothenga, iwebhusayithi yevidiyo, iwebhusayithi yeNSFW, newebhusayithi engekho emthethweni. Uyazi futhi ukuthi basebenzisa insizakalo ye-DNS ye-Cloudflare ("1.1.1.1") nensizakalo ye-VPN ("Cloudflare Warp") ye- "Safe! Faster! Better!" isipiliyoni se-inthanethi. Ukuwahlanganisa nekheli le-IP lomsebenzisi, isithonjana seminwe yesiphequluli, amakhukhi kanye ne-RAY-ID kuzosiza ekwakheni iphrofayli le-inthanethi kwelitshe |  |
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| Ufuna idatha yabo. Uzokwenzani? |  |
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### I-Cloudflare iyi-honeypot.
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### Uju lwamahhala kuwo wonke umuntu. _Izintambo ezithile_ zinamathiselwe.
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### Ungasebenzisi i-Cloudflare.
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### Nikezela i-inthanethi ngokweqile.
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---
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## Sicela uqhubeke ekhasini elilandelayo: "[Cloudflare Ethics](zu.ethics.md)"
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---
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<details>
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<summary> _ngichofoza_
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# # Idatha Nolunye ulwazi
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</summary>
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Lokhu kugcina uhlu lwamawebhusayithi angemuva kwe- "_The Cloudwall_" enkulu, evimba abasebenzisi be-Tor namanye ama-CDN.
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** Idatha **
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* [I-Cloudflare Inc.](../cloudflare_inc/)
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* [Abasebenzisi be-Cloudflare](i-Cloudflare_users/)
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* [I-Cloudflare Domain](i-Cloudflare_users/izizinda/)
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* [Abasebenzisi be-CDN be-non-Cloudflare CDN](hhayi_cloudflare/)
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* [Abasebenzisi baka-Anti-Tor](../anti-tor_users/)
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** Imininingwane Ngini **
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* [Uhlobo olufushane lwe-README](zu.short.md) ngu- [Robin Wils](https://linuxrocks.online/@RMW)
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* Ungahle uthande ukubuza ukuthi kungani le- README.md inezithombe eziningi kangaka. Ngenhla okufushane kunemifanekiso emincane.
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* [Iningi labantu lifunde kuphela ama-20- 28% wamagama asekhasini](https://movableink.com/blog/29-incredible-stats-that-prove-the-power-of-visual-marketing/).
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* [I-Myth Catalog](../myth_catalog.md)
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* [I-Great Cloudwall](i-athikili.txt) ka [Mnu. UJeff Cliff](https://shitposter.club/users/jeffcliff)
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* Landa njengo: PDF [lapha](../pdf/2019-The_Great_Cloudwall.pdf), ePUB [lapha](../pdf/2019-Jeff_Cliff_The_Great_Cloudwall.epub)
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* I-eBook yasekuqaleni (ePUB) isuswe yiBhukuRix GmbH ngenxa yokwephulwa kwamalungelo obunikazi bezinto ze-CC0
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* [Isithonjana sePadlock sibonisa ukuxhumana okuphephile kwe-SSL okusungulwe w MITM-ed](https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=831835) ngu-Anonymous
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* [Vimba i-Global Active Isitha Cloudflare](https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/tiketi/24351) ngo-nym-zone
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* Ithikithi lonakaliswa kaningi.
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* Kususwe i- [Tor Pro](https://lists.torproject.org/pipermail/anti-censorship-team/2020-May/000098.html). Bona [ithikithi 34175](https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/ticket/34175).
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* Ithikithi lokugcina [lokulondolozwa kwengobo yomlando 24351](https://web.archive.org/web/20200301013104/https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/ticket/24351)
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* [Inkinga nge-Cloudflare](https://github.com/privacytoolsIO/privacytools.io/issues/374#issuecomment-460077544) nge libBletchley
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* Babekade besebenzisa iCloudflare phambilini. Kungezwe i-CF-tor kodwa [uyisusile](https://github.com/privacytools/privacytools.io/pull/1804).
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* [I-Cloudflare Watch](http://www.crimeflare.org:82/)
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* [Ukugxekwa nokuphikisana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloudflare#Criticism_and_cont mpikiswano) yiWikipedia
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* [Olunye usuku oluvelele empini yokulawula, ukufaka phakathi nokuhlola i-inthanethi.](https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/comments/b8dptl/another_landmark_day_in_the_war_to_control/) nguTheGoldenGoose8888
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* [Ukudumazeka kokuncika kwinsizakalo eyodwa] % 0D% 0Ans2.digitalo Ocean.com% 0D% 0Ans3.digitalotsing.com% 0D% 0Awww.digitalo Ocean.com & hlobo = A & ns = solver & useresolver = 8.8.4.4 kanye nameservers =))
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</details>
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---
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<details>
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<summary> _ngichofoza_
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## Yini ongayenza?
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</summary>
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* [Funda uhlu lwethu lwezenzo ezinconyiwe bese wabelana ngalo nabangani bakho](yini-to-do.md)
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* [Funda izwi lomunye umsebenzisi bese ubhala imicabango yakho](../PEOPLE.md)
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* Sesha okuthile ku- [Ansero](https://ansero.wodferndripvpe6ib4uz4rtngrnzichnirgn7t5x64gxcyroopbhsuqd.onion/) ([clearnet](https://ansero.eu.org/) noma ku- [Crimeflare \ #Search](https://crimeflare. wodferndripvpe6ib4uz4rtngrnzichnirgn7t5x64gxcyroopbhsuqd.onion/) ([clearnet](https://crimeflare.eu.org/)).
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* [Vuselela uhlu lwesizinda: Imiyalo yohlu](imiyalelo.md).
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* [Faka i-Cloudflare noma umcimbi ohlobene nephrojekthi kumlando](../HISTORY.md).
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* Zama bese ubhala okusha [Ithuluzi/Isikripthi](ithuluzi/).
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* Nazi ezinye ze- [PDF/ePUB](../pdf/) ongazifunda.
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---
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# 1
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Ama-Crimeflare ayazi ngobukhona bama-akhawuntimbumbulu enza iziteshi zethu ezisemthethweni, kungaba yi-Twitter, i-Facebook, i-Patreon, i-OpenCollective, i-villages njll.
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** Asikaze sibuze i-imeyili yakho.
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Asikaze sibuze igama lakho.
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Asikaze sibuze umazisi wakho.
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Asikaze sibuze indawo yakho.
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Asilokothi sicela umnikelo wakho.
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Asikaze sibuze isibuyekezo sakho.
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Asikaze sikucele ukuthi ulandele ezinkundleni zokuxhumana.
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Asikaze sibuze imidiya yakho yezenhlalo. **
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# UNGAQHUMI ATHOLA AMA-AKHAWUNTI.
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---
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</details>
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---
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