newlib/winsup/cygwin/fhandler.h

/* fhandler.h

   Copyright 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006,
   2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 Red Hat, Inc.

This file is part of Cygwin.

This software is a copyrighted work licensed under the terms of the
Cygwin license.  Please consult the file "CYGWIN_LICENSE" for
details. */

#pragma once
#include "pinfo.h"

#include "tty.h"
/* fcntl flags used only internaly. */
#define O_NOSYMLINK	0x080000
#define O_DIROPEN	0x100000

/* newlib used to define O_NDELAY differently from O_NONBLOCK.  Now it
   properly defines both to be the same.  Unfortunately, we have to
   behave properly the old version, too, to accommodate older executables. */
#define OLD_O_NDELAY	(CYGWIN_VERSION_CHECK_FOR_OLD_O_NONBLOCK ? 4 : 0)

/* Care for the old O_NDELAY flag. If one of the flags is set,
   both flags are set. */
#define O_NONBLOCK_MASK (O_NONBLOCK | OLD_O_NDELAY)

/* It appears that 64K is the block size used for buffered I/O on NT.
   Using this blocksize in read/write calls in the application results
   in a much better performance than using smaller values. */
#define PREFERRED_IO_BLKSIZE ((blksize_t) 65536)

/* It also appears that this may be the only acceptable block size for
   atomic writes to a pipe.  It is a shame that we have to make this
   so small.  http://cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2011-03/msg00541.html  */
#define DEFAULT_PIPEBUFSIZE PREFERRED_IO_BLKSIZE

/* Used for fhandler_pipe::create.  Use an available flag which will
   never be used in Cygwin for this function. */
#define PIPE_ADD_PID	FILE_FLAG_FIRST_PIPE_INSTANCE

extern const char *windows_device_names[];
extern struct __cygwin_perfile *perfile_table;
#define __fmode (*(user_data->fmode_ptr))
extern const char proc[];
extern const size_t proc_len;
extern const char procsys[];
extern const size_t procsys_len;

class select_record;
class select_stuff;
class fhandler_disk_file;
class inode_t;
typedef struct __DIR DIR;
struct dirent;
struct iovec;
struct acl;

enum dirent_states
{
  dirent_ok		= 0x0000,
  dirent_saw_dot	= 0x0001,
  dirent_saw_dot_dot	= 0x0002,
  dirent_saw_eof	= 0x0004,
  dirent_isroot		= 0x0008,
  dirent_set_d_ino	= 0x0010,
  dirent_get_d_ino	= 0x0020,
  dirent_nfs_d_ino	= 0x0040,

  /* Global flags which must not be deleted on rewinddir or seekdir. */
  dirent_info_mask	= 0x0078
};

enum conn_state
{
  unconnected = 0,
  connect_pending = 1,
  connected = 2,
  connect_failed = 3
};

enum line_edit_status
{
  line_edit_ok = 0,
  line_edit_input_done = 1,
  line_edit_signalled = 2,
  line_edit_error = 3,
  line_edit_pipe_full = 4
};

enum bg_check_types
{
  bg_error = -1,
  bg_eof = 0,
  bg_ok = 1,
  bg_signalled = 2
};

enum query_state {
  no_query = 0,
  query_read_control = 1,
  query_read_attributes = 2,
  query_write_control = 3,
  query_write_dac = 4,
  query_write_attributes = 5
};

enum del_lock_called_from {
  on_close,
  after_fork,
  after_exec
};

enum virtual_ftype_t {
  virt_blk = -7,	/* Block special */
  virt_chr = -6,	/* Character special */
  virt_fsfile = -5,	/* FS-based file via /proc/sys */
  virt_socket = -4,	/* Socket */
  virt_pipe = -3,	/* Pipe */
  virt_symlink = -2,	/* Symlink */
  virt_file = -1,	/* Regular file */
  virt_none = 0,	/* Invalid, Error */
  virt_directory = 1,	/* Directory */
  virt_rootdir = 2,	/* Root directory of virtual FS */
  virt_fsdir = 3,	/* FS-based directory via /proc/sys */
};

class fhandler_base
{
  friend class dtable;
  friend void close_all_files (bool);

  struct status_flags
  {
    unsigned rbinary		: 1; /* binary read mode */
    unsigned rbinset	    	: 1; /* binary read mode explicitly set */
    unsigned wbinary		: 1; /* binary write mode */
    unsigned wbinset		: 1; /* binary write mode explicitly set */
    unsigned nohandle		: 1; /* No handle associated with fhandler. */
    unsigned did_lseek		: 1; /* set when lseek is called as a flag that
					_write should check if we've moved
					beyond EOF, zero filling or making
					file sparse if so. */
    unsigned query_open		: 3; /* open file without requesting either
					read or write access */
    unsigned close_on_exec      : 1; /* close-on-exec */
    unsigned need_fork_fixup    : 1; /* Set if need to fixup after fork. */
    unsigned isclosed		: 1; /* Set when fhandler is closed. */
    unsigned mandatory_locking	: 1; /* Windows mandatory locking */

   public:
    status_flags () :
      rbinary (0), rbinset (0), wbinary (0), wbinset (0), nohandle (0),
      did_lseek (0), query_open (no_query), close_on_exec (0),
      need_fork_fixup (0), isclosed (0), mandatory_locking (0)
      {}
  } status, open_status;

 private:
  ACCESS_MASK access;
  ULONG options;

  HANDLE io_handle;

  ino_t ino;	/* file ID or hashed filename, depends on FS. */
  LONG _refcnt;

 protected:
  /* File open flags from open () and fcntl () calls */
  int openflags;

  char *rabuf;		/* used for crlf conversion in text files */
  size_t ralen;
  size_t raixget;
  size_t raixput;
  size_t rabuflen;

  /* Used for advisory file locking.  See flock.cc.  */
  long long unique_id;
  void del_my_locks (del_lock_called_from);

  HANDLE read_state;

 public:
  LONG inc_refcnt () {return InterlockedIncrement (&_refcnt);}
  LONG dec_refcnt () {return InterlockedDecrement (&_refcnt);}
  class fhandler_base *archetype;
  int usecount;

  path_conv pc;

  void reset (const fhandler_base *);
  virtual bool use_archetype () const {return false;}
  virtual void set_name (path_conv &pc);
  virtual void set_name (const char *s)
  {
    pc.set_normalized_path (s);
    pc.set_path (s);
  }
  int error () const {return pc.error;}
  void set_error (int error) {pc.error = error;}
  bool exists () const {return pc.exists ();}
  int pc_binmode () const {return pc.binmode ();}
  device& dev () {return pc.dev;}
  operator DWORD& () {return (DWORD&) pc;}
  fhandler_base ();
  virtual ~fhandler_base ();

  /* Non-virtual simple accessor functions. */
  void set_io_handle (HANDLE x) { io_handle = x; }

  dev_t& get_device () { return dev (); }
  _major_t get_major () { return dev ().get_major (); }
  _minor_t get_minor () { return dev ().get_minor (); }

  ACCESS_MASK get_access () const { return access; }
  void set_access (ACCESS_MASK x) { access = x; }

  ULONG get_options () const { return options; }
  void set_options (ULONG x) { options = x; }

  int get_flags () { return openflags; }
  void set_flags (int x, int supplied_bin = 0);

  bool is_nonblocking ();
  void set_nonblocking (int);

  bool wbinary () const { return status.wbinset ? status.wbinary : 1; }
  bool rbinary () const { return status.rbinset ? status.rbinary : 1; }

  void wbinary (bool b) {status.wbinary = b; status.wbinset = 1;}
  void rbinary (bool b) {status.rbinary = b; status.rbinset = 1;}

  void set_open_status () {open_status = status;}
  void reset_to_open_binmode ()
  {
    set_flags ((get_flags () & ~(O_TEXT | O_BINARY))
	       | ((open_status.wbinary || open_status.rbinary)
		   ? O_BINARY : O_TEXT));
  }

  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (bool, wbinset)
  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (bool, rbinset)
  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (bool, nohandle)
  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (bool, did_lseek)
  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (query_state, query_open)
  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (bool, close_on_exec)
  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (bool, need_fork_fixup)
  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (bool, isclosed)
  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (bool, mandatory_locking)

  int get_default_fmode (int flags);

  virtual void set_close_on_exec (bool val);

  LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES get_inheritance (bool all = 0)
  {
    if (all)
      return close_on_exec () ? &sec_all_nih : &sec_all;
    else
      return close_on_exec () ? &sec_none_nih : &sec_none;
  }

  virtual int fixup_before_fork_exec (DWORD) { return 0; }
  virtual void fixup_after_fork (HANDLE);
  virtual void fixup_after_exec ();
  void create_read_state (LONG n)
  {
    read_state = CreateSemaphore (&sec_none_nih, 0, n, NULL);
    ProtectHandle (read_state);
  }

  void signal_read_state (LONG n)
  {
    ReleaseSemaphore (read_state, n, NULL);
  }

  bool get_readahead_valid () { return raixget < ralen; }
  int puts_readahead (const char *s, size_t len = (size_t) -1);
  int put_readahead (char value);

  int get_readahead ();
  int peek_readahead (int queryput = 0);

  int eat_readahead (int n);

  void set_readahead_valid (int val, int ch = -1);

  int get_readahead_into_buffer (char *buf, size_t buflen);

  bool has_acls () const { return pc.has_acls (); }

  bool isremote () { return pc.isremote (); }

  bool has_attribute (DWORD x) const {return pc.has_attribute (x);}
  const char *get_name () const { return pc.normalized_path; }
  const char *get_win32_name () { return pc.get_win32 (); }
  dev_t get_dev () { return pc.fs_serial_number (); }
  ino_t get_ino () { return ino ?: ino = hash_path_name (0, pc.get_nt_native_path ()); }
  long long get_unique_id () const { return unique_id; }
  /* Returns name used for /proc/<pid>/fd in buf. */
  virtual char *get_proc_fd_name (char *buf);

  virtual void hclose (HANDLE h) {CloseHandle (h);}
  virtual void set_no_inheritance (HANDLE &, bool);

  /* fixup fd possibly non-inherited handles after fork */
  bool fork_fixup (HANDLE, HANDLE &, const char *);
  virtual bool need_fixup_before () const {return false;}

  int open_with_arch (int, mode_t = 0);
  virtual int open (int, mode_t);
  virtual void open_setup (int flags) { return; }

  int close_with_arch ();
  virtual int close ();
  virtual void cleanup () { return; }
  int _archetype_usecount (const char *fn, int ln, int n)
  {
    if (!archetype)
      return 0;
    archetype->usecount += n;
    if (strace.active ())
      strace.prntf (_STRACE_ALL, fn, "line %d:  %s<%p> usecount + %d = %d", ln, get_name (), archetype, n, archetype->usecount);
    return archetype->usecount;
  }

  int open_fs (int, mode_t = 0);
# define archetype_usecount(n) _archetype_usecount (__PRETTY_FUNCTION__, __LINE__, (n))
  int close_fs () { return fhandler_base::close (); }
  virtual int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);
  void __reg2 stat_fixup (struct stat *buf);
  int __reg2 fstat_fs (struct stat *buf);
private:
  int __reg3 fstat_helper (struct stat *buf,
			      DWORD nNumberOfLinks);
  int __reg2 fstat_by_nfs_ea (struct stat *buf);
  int __reg2 fstat_by_handle (struct stat *buf);
  int __reg2 fstat_by_name (struct stat *buf);
public:
  virtual int __reg2 fstatvfs (struct statvfs *buf);
  int __reg2 utimens_fs (const struct timespec *);
  virtual int __reg1 fchmod (mode_t mode);
  virtual int __reg2 fchown (uid_t uid, gid_t gid);
  virtual int __reg3 facl (int, int, struct acl *);
  virtual ssize_t __reg3 fgetxattr (const char *, void *, size_t);
  virtual int __reg3 fsetxattr (const char *, const void *, size_t, int);
  virtual int __reg3 fadvise (off_t, off_t, int);
  virtual int __reg3 ftruncate (off_t, bool);
  virtual int __reg2 link (const char *);
  virtual int __reg2 utimens (const struct timespec *);
  virtual int __reg1 fsync ();
  virtual int ioctl (unsigned int cmd, void *);
  virtual int fcntl (int cmd, intptr_t);
  virtual char const *ttyname () { return get_name (); }
  virtual void __reg3 read (void *ptr, size_t& len);
  virtual ssize_t __stdcall write (const void *ptr, size_t len);
  virtual ssize_t __stdcall readv (const struct iovec *, int iovcnt, ssize_t tot = -1);
  virtual ssize_t __stdcall writev (const struct iovec *, int iovcnt, ssize_t tot = -1);
  virtual ssize_t __reg3 pread (void *, size_t, off_t);
  virtual ssize_t __reg3 pwrite (void *, size_t, off_t);
  virtual off_t lseek (off_t offset, int whence);
  virtual int lock (int, struct flock *);
  virtual int mand_lock (int, struct flock *);
  virtual int dup (fhandler_base *child, int flags);
  virtual int fpathconf (int);

  virtual HANDLE mmap (caddr_t *addr, size_t len, int prot,
		       int flags, off_t off);
  virtual int munmap (HANDLE h, caddr_t addr, size_t len);
  virtual int msync (HANDLE h, caddr_t addr, size_t len, int flags);
  virtual bool fixup_mmap_after_fork (HANDLE h, int prot, int flags,
				      off_t offset, DWORD size,
				      void *address);

  void *operator new (size_t, void *p) __attribute__ ((nothrow)) {return p;}

  virtual int init (HANDLE, DWORD, mode_t);

  virtual int tcflush (int);
  virtual int tcsendbreak (int);
  virtual int tcdrain ();
  virtual int tcflow (int);
  virtual int tcsetattr (int a, const struct termios *t);
  virtual int tcgetattr (struct termios *t);
  virtual int tcsetpgrp (const pid_t pid);
  virtual int tcgetpgrp ();
  virtual pid_t tcgetsid ();
  virtual bool is_tty () const { return false; }
  virtual bool ispipe () const { return false; }
  virtual pid_t get_popen_pid () const {return 0;}
  virtual bool isdevice () const { return true; }
  virtual bool isfifo () const { return false; }
  virtual int ptsname_r (char *, size_t);
  virtual class fhandler_socket *is_socket () { return NULL; }
  virtual class fhandler_console *is_console () { return 0; }
  virtual int is_windows () {return 0; }

  virtual void __reg3 raw_read (void *ptr, size_t& ulen);
  virtual ssize_t __reg3 raw_write (const void *ptr, size_t ulen);

  /* Virtual accessor functions to hide the fact
     that some fd's have two handles. */
  virtual HANDLE& get_handle () { return io_handle; }
  virtual HANDLE& get_io_handle () { return io_handle; }
  virtual HANDLE& get_output_handle () { return io_handle; }
  virtual HANDLE get_stat_handle () { return pc.handle () ?: io_handle; }
  virtual bool hit_eof () {return false;}
  virtual select_record *select_read (select_stuff *);
  virtual select_record *select_write (select_stuff *);
  virtual select_record *select_except (select_stuff *);
  virtual const char *get_native_name ()
  {
    return dev ().native;
  }
  virtual bg_check_types bg_check (int) {return bg_ok;}
  void clear_readahead ()
  {
    raixput = raixget = ralen = rabuflen = 0;
    rabuf = NULL;
  }
  void operator delete (void *p) {cfree (p);}
  virtual void set_eof () {}
  virtual int mkdir (mode_t mode);
  virtual int rmdir ();
  virtual __reg2 DIR *opendir (int fd);
  virtual __reg3 int readdir (DIR *, dirent *);
  virtual long telldir (DIR *);
  virtual void seekdir (DIR *, long);
  virtual void rewinddir (DIR *);
  virtual int closedir (DIR *);
  bool is_auto_device () {return isdevice () && !dev ().isfs ();}
  bool is_fs_special () {return pc.is_fs_special ();}
  bool issymlink () {return pc.issymlink ();}
  bool __reg2 device_access_denied (int);
  int __reg3 fhaccess (int flags, bool);
  virtual bool __reg1 has_ongoing_io ()  {return false;}

  fhandler_base (void *) {}

  virtual void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_base *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  virtual fhandler_base *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_base));
    fhandler_base *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_base (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

struct wsa_event
{
  LONG serial_number;
  long events;
  int  connect_errorcode;
  pid_t owner;
};

class fhandler_socket: public fhandler_base
{
 private:
  int addr_family;
  int type;
  int connect_secret[4];

  wsa_event *wsock_events;
  HANDLE wsock_mtx;
  HANDLE wsock_evt;
 public:
  bool init_events ();
  int evaluate_events (const long event_mask, long &events, const bool erase);
  const HANDLE wsock_event () const { return wsock_evt; }
  const LONG serial_number () const { return wsock_events->serial_number; }
 private:
  int wait_for_events (const long event_mask, const DWORD flags);
  void release_events ();

  pid_t sec_pid;
  uid_t sec_uid;
  gid_t sec_gid;
  pid_t sec_peer_pid;
  uid_t sec_peer_uid;
  gid_t sec_peer_gid;
  void af_local_set_secret (char *);
  void af_local_setblocking (bool &, bool &);
  void af_local_unsetblocking (bool, bool);
  void af_local_set_cred ();
  void af_local_copy (fhandler_socket *);
  bool af_local_recv_secret ();
  bool af_local_send_secret ();
  bool af_local_recv_cred ();
  bool af_local_send_cred ();
  int af_local_accept ();
 public:
  int af_local_connect ();
  void af_local_set_sockpair_cred ();

 private:
  int	    _rmem;
  int	    _wmem;
 public:
  int &rmem () { return _rmem; }
  int &wmem () { return _wmem; }
  void rmem (int nrmem) { _rmem = nrmem; }
  void wmem (int nwmem) { _wmem = nwmem; }

 private:
  struct _WSAPROTOCOL_INFOW *prot_info_ptr;
 public:
  void init_fixup_before ();
  bool need_fixup_before () const {return prot_info_ptr != NULL;}

 private:
  char *sun_path;
  char *peer_sun_path;
  struct status_flags
  {
    unsigned async_io		   : 1; /* async I/O */
    unsigned saw_shutdown_read     : 1; /* Socket saw a SHUT_RD */
    unsigned saw_shutdown_write    : 1; /* Socket saw a SHUT_WR */
    unsigned saw_reuseaddr	   : 1; /* Socket saw SO_REUSEADDR call */
    unsigned listener		   : 1; /* listen called */
    unsigned connect_state	   : 2;
   public:
    status_flags () :
      async_io (0), saw_shutdown_read (0), saw_shutdown_write (0),
      listener (0), connect_state (unconnected)
      {}
  } status;

 public:
  fhandler_socket ();
  ~fhandler_socket ();
/* Originally get_socket returned an int, which is not a good idea
   to cast a handle to on 64 bit.  The right type here is very certainly
   SOCKET instead.  On the other hand, we don't want to have to include
   winsock.h just to build fhandler.h.  Therefore we define get_socket
   now only when building network related code. */
#ifdef __INSIDE_CYGWIN_NET__
  SOCKET get_socket () { return (SOCKET) get_handle(); }
#endif
  fhandler_socket *is_socket () { return this; }

  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (bool, async_io)
  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (bool, saw_shutdown_read)
  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (bool, saw_shutdown_write)
  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (bool, saw_reuseaddr)
  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (bool, listener)
  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (conn_state, connect_state)

  int bind (const struct sockaddr *name, int namelen);
  int connect (const struct sockaddr *name, int namelen);
  int listen (int backlog);
  int accept4 (struct sockaddr *peer, int *len, int flags);
  int getsockname (struct sockaddr *name, int *namelen);
  int getpeername (struct sockaddr *name, int *namelen);
  int getpeereid (pid_t *pid, uid_t *euid, gid_t *egid);

  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  void __reg3 read (void *ptr, size_t& len);
  ssize_t __stdcall readv (const struct iovec *, int iovcnt, ssize_t tot = -1);
  inline ssize_t __reg3 recv_internal (struct _WSAMSG *wsamsg, bool use_recvmsg);
  ssize_t recvfrom (void *ptr, size_t len, int flags,
		    struct sockaddr *from, int *fromlen);
  ssize_t recvmsg (struct msghdr *msg, int flags);

  ssize_t __stdcall write (const void *ptr, size_t len);
  ssize_t __stdcall writev (const struct iovec *, int iovcnt, ssize_t tot = -1);
  inline ssize_t send_internal (struct _WSAMSG *wsamsg, int flags);
  ssize_t sendto (const void *ptr, size_t len, int flags,
	      const struct sockaddr *to, int tolen);
  ssize_t sendmsg (const struct msghdr *msg, int flags);

  int ioctl (unsigned int cmd, void *);
  int fcntl (int cmd, intptr_t);
  off_t lseek (off_t, int) { return 0; }
  int shutdown (int how);
  int close ();
  void hclose (HANDLE) {close ();}
  int dup (fhandler_base *child, int);

  void set_close_on_exec (bool val);
  int fixup_before_fork_exec (DWORD);
  void fixup_after_fork (HANDLE);
  void fixup_after_exec ();
  char *get_proc_fd_name (char *buf);

  select_record *select_read (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_write (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_except (select_stuff *);
  void set_addr_family (int af) {addr_family = af;}
  int get_addr_family () {return addr_family;}
  void set_socket_type (int st) { type = st;}
  int get_socket_type () {return type;}
  void set_sun_path (const char *path);
  char *get_sun_path () {return sun_path;}
  void set_peer_sun_path (const char *path);
  char *get_peer_sun_path () {return peer_sun_path;}

  int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);
  int __reg2 fstatvfs (struct statvfs *buf);
  int __reg1 fchmod (mode_t mode);
  int __reg2 fchown (uid_t uid, gid_t gid);
  int __reg3 facl (int, int, struct acl *);
  int __reg2 link (const char *);

  fhandler_socket (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_socket *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_socket *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_socket));
    fhandler_socket *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_socket (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_base_overlapped: public fhandler_base
{
  static HANDLE asio_done;
  static LONG asio_close_counter;
protected:
  enum wait_return
  {
    overlapped_unknown = 0,
    overlapped_success,
    overlapped_nonblocking_no_data,
    overlapped_nullread,
    overlapped_error
  };
  bool io_pending;
  OVERLAPPED io_status;
  OVERLAPPED *overlapped;
  size_t max_atomic_write;
public:
  wait_return __reg3 wait_overlapped (bool, bool, DWORD *, bool, DWORD = 0);
  int __reg1 setup_overlapped ();
  void __reg1 destroy_overlapped ();
  virtual void __reg3 raw_read (void *ptr, size_t& len);
  virtual ssize_t __reg3 raw_write (const void *ptr, size_t len);
  OVERLAPPED *&get_overlapped () {return overlapped;}
  OVERLAPPED *get_overlapped_buffer () {return &io_status;}
  void set_overlapped (OVERLAPPED *ov) {overlapped = ov;}
  fhandler_base_overlapped (): io_pending (false), overlapped (NULL), max_atomic_write (0)
  {
    memset (&io_status, 0, sizeof io_status);
  }
  bool __reg1 has_ongoing_io ();

  void fixup_after_fork (HANDLE);
  void fixup_after_exec ();

  int close ();
  int dup (fhandler_base *child, int);

  void check_later ();
  static void __reg1 flush_all_async_io ();;

  fhandler_base_overlapped (void *) {}

  virtual void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_base_overlapped *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  virtual fhandler_base_overlapped *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_base_overlapped));
    fhandler_base_overlapped *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_base_overlapped (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }

  friend DWORD WINAPI flush_async_io (void *);
};

class fhandler_pipe: public fhandler_base_overlapped
{
private:
  pid_t popen_pid;
public:
  fhandler_pipe ();


  bool ispipe() const { return true; }

  void set_popen_pid (pid_t pid) {popen_pid = pid;}
  pid_t get_popen_pid () const {return popen_pid;}
  off_t lseek (off_t offset, int whence);
  select_record *select_read (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_write (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_except (select_stuff *);
  char *get_proc_fd_name (char *buf);
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  int dup (fhandler_base *child, int);
  int ioctl (unsigned int cmd, void *);
  int __reg2 fstatvfs (struct statvfs *buf);
  int __reg3 fadvise (off_t, off_t, int);
  int __reg3 ftruncate (off_t, bool);
  int init (HANDLE, DWORD, mode_t);
  static int create (fhandler_pipe *[2], unsigned, int);
  static DWORD create (LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES, HANDLE *, HANDLE *, DWORD,
		       const char *, DWORD);
  fhandler_pipe (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_pipe *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_pipe *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_pipe));
    fhandler_pipe *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_pipe (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_fifo: public fhandler_base_overlapped
{
  HANDLE read_ready;
  HANDLE write_ready;
  bool __reg2 wait (HANDLE);
  char __reg2 *fifo_name (char *, const char *);
public:
  fhandler_fifo ();
  int open (int, mode_t);
  int close ();
  int dup (fhandler_base *child, int);
  bool isfifo () const { return true; }
  void set_close_on_exec (bool val);
  void __reg3 raw_read (void *ptr, size_t& ulen);
  bool arm (HANDLE h);
  void fixup_after_fork (HANDLE);
  int __reg2 fstatvfs (struct statvfs *buf);
  select_record *select_read (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_write (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_except (select_stuff *);

  fhandler_fifo (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_fifo *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_fifo *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_fifo));
    fhandler_fifo *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_fifo (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_mailslot : public fhandler_base_overlapped
{
  POBJECT_ATTRIBUTES get_object_attr (OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES &, PUNICODE_STRING, int);
 public:
  fhandler_mailslot ();
  int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  ssize_t __reg3 raw_write (const void *, size_t);
  int ioctl (unsigned int cmd, void *);
  select_record *select_read (select_stuff *);

  fhandler_mailslot (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_mailslot *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_mailslot *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_mailslot));
    fhandler_mailslot *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_mailslot (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_dev_raw: public fhandler_base
{
 protected:
  char *devbufalloc;
  char *devbuf;
  DWORD devbufalign;
  DWORD devbufsiz;
  DWORD devbufstart;
  DWORD devbufend;
  struct status_flags
  {
    unsigned lastblk_to_read : 1;
   public:
    status_flags () : lastblk_to_read (0) {}
  } status;

  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (bool, lastblk_to_read)

  fhandler_dev_raw ();

 public:
  ~fhandler_dev_raw ();

  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);

  int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);

  int dup (fhandler_base *child, int);
  int ioctl (unsigned int cmd, void *buf);

  void fixup_after_fork (HANDLE);
  void fixup_after_exec ();

  fhandler_dev_raw (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_dev_raw *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_dev_raw *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_dev_raw));
    fhandler_dev_raw *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_dev_raw (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

#define MAX_PARTITIONS 15

struct part_t
{
  LONG refcnt;
  HANDLE hdl[MAX_PARTITIONS];
};

class fhandler_dev_floppy: public fhandler_dev_raw
{
 private:
  off_t drive_size;
  part_t *partitions;
  struct status_flags
  {
    unsigned eom_detected    : 1;
   public:
    status_flags () : eom_detected (0) {}
  } status;

  IMPLEMENT_STATUS_FLAG (bool, eom_detected)

  inline off_t get_current_position ();
  int get_drive_info (struct hd_geometry *geo);

  int lock_partition (DWORD to_write);

  BOOL write_file (const void *buf, DWORD to_write, DWORD *written, int *err);
  BOOL read_file (void *buf, DWORD to_read, DWORD *read, int *err);

 public:
  fhandler_dev_floppy ();

  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  int close ();
  int dup (fhandler_base *child, int);
  void __reg3 raw_read (void *ptr, size_t& ulen);
  ssize_t __reg3 raw_write (const void *ptr, size_t ulen);
  off_t lseek (off_t offset, int whence);
  int ioctl (unsigned int cmd, void *buf);

  fhandler_dev_floppy (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_dev_floppy *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_dev_floppy *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_dev_floppy));
    fhandler_dev_floppy *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_dev_floppy (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_dev_tape: public fhandler_dev_raw
{
  HANDLE mt_mtx;
  OVERLAPPED ov;

  bool is_rewind_device () { return get_minor () < 128; }
  unsigned int driveno () { return (unsigned int) get_minor () & 0x7f; }
  void drive_init ();

  inline bool _lock (bool);
  inline int unlock (int ret = 0);

 public:
  fhandler_dev_tape ();

  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  virtual int close ();

  void __reg3 raw_read (void *ptr, size_t& ulen);
  ssize_t __reg3 raw_write (const void *ptr, size_t ulen);

  virtual off_t lseek (off_t offset, int whence);

  virtual int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);

  virtual int dup (fhandler_base *child, int);
  virtual void fixup_after_fork (HANDLE parent);
  virtual void set_close_on_exec (bool val);
  virtual int ioctl (unsigned int cmd, void *buf);

  fhandler_dev_tape (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_dev_tape *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_dev_tape *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_dev_tape));
    fhandler_dev_tape *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_dev_tape (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

/* Standard disk file */

class fhandler_disk_file: public fhandler_base
{
  HANDLE prw_handle;
  int __reg3 readdir_helper (DIR *, dirent *, DWORD, DWORD, PUNICODE_STRING fname);

  int prw_open (bool);

 public:
  fhandler_disk_file ();
  fhandler_disk_file (path_conv &pc);

  int open (int flags, mode_t mode);
  int close ();
  int fcntl (int cmd, intptr_t);
  int dup (fhandler_base *child, int);
  void fixup_after_fork (HANDLE parent);
  int lock (int, struct flock *);
  int mand_lock (int, struct flock *);
  bool isdevice () const { return false; }
  int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);
  int __reg1 fchmod (mode_t mode);
  int __reg2 fchown (uid_t uid, gid_t gid);
  int __reg3 facl (int, int, struct acl *);
  ssize_t __reg3 fgetxattr (const char *, void *, size_t);
  int __reg3 fsetxattr (const char *, const void *, size_t, int);
  int __reg3 fadvise (off_t, off_t, int);
  int __reg3 ftruncate (off_t, bool);
  int __reg2 link (const char *);
  int __reg2 utimens (const struct timespec *);
  int __reg2 fstatvfs (struct statvfs *buf);

  HANDLE mmap (caddr_t *addr, size_t len, int prot, int flags, off_t off);
  int munmap (HANDLE h, caddr_t addr, size_t len);
  int msync (HANDLE h, caddr_t addr, size_t len, int flags);
  bool fixup_mmap_after_fork (HANDLE h, int prot, int flags,
			      off_t offset, DWORD size, void *address);
  int mkdir (mode_t mode);
  int rmdir ();
  DIR __reg2 *opendir (int fd);
  int __reg3 readdir (DIR *, dirent *);
  long telldir (DIR *);
  void seekdir (DIR *, long);
  void rewinddir (DIR *);
  int closedir (DIR *);

  ssize_t __reg3 pread (void *, size_t, off_t);
  ssize_t __reg3 pwrite (void *, size_t, off_t);

  fhandler_disk_file (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_disk_file *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_disk_file *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_disk_file));
    fhandler_disk_file *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_disk_file (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_dev: public fhandler_disk_file
{
  const struct device *devidx;
  bool dir_exists;
public:
  fhandler_dev ();
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode);
  int close ();
  int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);
  int __reg2 fstatvfs (struct statvfs *buf);
  DIR __reg2 *opendir (int fd);
  int __reg3 readdir (DIR *, dirent *);
  void rewinddir (DIR *);

  fhandler_dev (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_dev *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_dev *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_dev));
    fhandler_dev *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_dev (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_cygdrive: public fhandler_disk_file
{
  enum
  {
    DRVSZ = sizeof ("x:\\")
  };
  int ndrives;
  const char *pdrive;
  char pdrive_buf[1 + (2 * 26 * DRVSZ)];
  void set_drives ();
 public:
  fhandler_cygdrive ();
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode);
  int close ();
  DIR __reg2 *opendir (int fd);
  int __reg3 readdir (DIR *, dirent *);
  void rewinddir (DIR *);
  int closedir (DIR *);
  int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);
  int __reg2 fstatvfs (struct statvfs *buf);

  fhandler_cygdrive (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_cygdrive *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_cygdrive *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_cygdrive));
    fhandler_cygdrive *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_cygdrive (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_serial: public fhandler_base
{
 private:
  size_t vmin_;				/* from termios */
  unsigned int vtime_;			/* from termios */
  pid_t pgrp_;
  int rts;				/* for Windows 9x purposes only */
  int dtr;				/* for Windows 9x purposes only */

 public:
  int overlapped_armed;
  OVERLAPPED io_status;
  DWORD ev;

  /* Constructor */
  fhandler_serial ();

  int open (int flags, mode_t mode);
  int close ();
  int init (HANDLE h, DWORD a, mode_t flags);
  void overlapped_setup ();
  int dup (fhandler_base *child, int);
  void __reg3 raw_read (void *ptr, size_t& ulen);
  ssize_t __reg3 raw_write (const void *ptr, size_t ulen);
  int tcsendbreak (int);
  int tcdrain ();
  int tcflow (int);
  int ioctl (unsigned int cmd, void *);
  int switch_modem_lines (int set, int clr);
  int tcsetattr (int a, const struct termios *t);
  int tcgetattr (struct termios *t);
  off_t lseek (off_t, int) { return 0; }
  int tcflush (int);
  bool is_tty () const { return true; }
  void fixup_after_fork (HANDLE parent);
  void fixup_after_exec ();

  /* We maintain a pgrp so that tcsetpgrp and tcgetpgrp work, but we
     don't use it for permissions checking.  fhandler_pty_slave does
     permission checking on pgrps.  */
  virtual int tcgetpgrp () { return pgrp_; }
  virtual int tcsetpgrp (const pid_t pid) { pgrp_ = pid; return 0; }
  select_record *select_read (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_write (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_except (select_stuff *);

  fhandler_serial (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_serial *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_serial *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_serial));
    fhandler_serial *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_serial (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

#define acquire_output_mutex(ms) \
  __acquire_output_mutex (__PRETTY_FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ms)

#define release_output_mutex() \
  __release_output_mutex (__PRETTY_FUNCTION__, __LINE__)

class tty;
class tty_min;
class fhandler_termios: public fhandler_base
{
 private:
  HANDLE output_handle;
 protected:
  virtual void doecho (const void *, DWORD) {};
  virtual int accept_input () {return 1;};
  int ioctl (int, void *);
  tty_min *_tc;
  tty *get_ttyp () {return (tty *) tc ();}
 public:
  tty_min*& tc () {return _tc;}
  fhandler_termios () :
  fhandler_base ()
  {
    need_fork_fixup (true);
  }
  HANDLE& get_output_handle () { return output_handle; }
  line_edit_status line_edit (const char *rptr, int nread, termios&);
  void set_output_handle (HANDLE h) { output_handle = h; }
  void tcinit (bool force);
  bool is_tty () const { return true; }
  void sigflush ();
  int tcgetpgrp ();
  int tcsetpgrp (int pid);
  bg_check_types bg_check (int sig);
  virtual DWORD __acquire_output_mutex (const char *fn, int ln, DWORD ms) {return 1;}
  virtual void __release_output_mutex (const char *fn, int ln) {}
  void echo_erase (int force = 0);
  virtual off_t lseek (off_t, int);
  pid_t tcgetsid ();

  fhandler_termios (void *) {}

  virtual void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_termios *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  virtual fhandler_termios *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_termios));
    fhandler_termios *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_termios (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

enum ansi_intensity
{
  INTENSITY_INVISIBLE,
  INTENSITY_DIM,
  INTENSITY_NORMAL,
  INTENSITY_BOLD
};

#define normal 0
#define gotesc 1
#define gotsquare 2
#define gotarg1 3
#define gotrsquare 4
#define gotcommand 5
#define gettitle 6
#define eattitle 7
#define gotparen 8
#define gotrparen 9
#define MAXARGS 10

class dev_console
{
  WORD default_color, underline_color, dim_color;

  /* Used to determine if an input keystroke should be modified with META. */
  int meta_mask;

/* Output state */
  int state_;
  int args_[MAXARGS];
  int nargs_;
  unsigned rarg;
  bool saw_question_mark;
  bool saw_greater_than_sign;
  bool saw_space;
  bool vt100_graphics_mode_G0;
  bool vt100_graphics_mode_G1;
  bool iso_2022_G1;
  bool alternate_charset_active;
  bool metabit;
  char backspace_keycode;

  char my_title_buf [TITLESIZE + 1];

  WORD current_win32_attr;
  ansi_intensity intensity;
  bool underline, blink, reverse;
  WORD fg, bg;

  /* saved cursor coordinates */
  int savex, savey;

  /* saved screen */
  COORD savebufsiz;
  PCHAR_INFO savebuf;

  struct
    {
      short Top, Bottom;
    } scroll_region;
  struct
    {
      SHORT winTop;
      SHORT winBottom;
      COORD dwWinSize;
      COORD dwBufferSize;
      COORD dwCursorPosition;
      WORD wAttributes;
    } info;

  COORD dwLastCursorPosition;
  COORD dwMousePosition;	/* scroll-adjusted coord of mouse event */
  COORD dwLastMousePosition;	/* scroll-adjusted coord of previous mouse event */
  DWORD dwLastButtonState;	/* (not noting mouse wheel events) */
  int last_button_code;		/* transformed mouse report button code */
  int nModifiers;

  bool insert_mode;
  int use_mouse;
  bool ext_mouse_mode5;
  bool ext_mouse_mode6;
  bool ext_mouse_mode15;
  bool use_focus;
  bool raw_win32_keyboard_mode;

  inline UINT get_console_cp ();
  DWORD con_to_str (char *d, int dlen, WCHAR w);
  DWORD str_to_con (mbtowc_p, const char *, PWCHAR d, const char *s, DWORD sz);
  void set_color (HANDLE);
  bool fillin_info (HANDLE);
  void set_default_attr ();

  friend class fhandler_console;
};

/* This is a input and output console handle */
class fhandler_console: public fhandler_termios
{
public:
  struct console_state
  {
    tty_min tty_min_state;
    dev_console dev_state;
  };
private:
  static const unsigned MAX_WRITE_CHARS;
  static console_state *shared_console_info;
  static bool invisible_console;

  /* Used when we encounter a truncated multi-byte sequence.  The
     lead bytes are stored here and revisited in the next write call. */
  struct {
    int len;
    unsigned char buf[4]; /* Max len of valid UTF-8 sequence. */
  } trunc_buf;
  PWCHAR write_buf;

/* Output calls */
  void set_default_attr ();

  void clear_screen (int, int, int, int);
  void scroll_screen (int, int, int, int, int, int);
  void cursor_set (bool, int, int);
  void cursor_get (int *, int *);
  void cursor_rel (int, int);
  inline void write_replacement_char ();
  inline bool write_console (PWCHAR, DWORD, DWORD&);
  const unsigned char *write_normal (unsigned const char*, unsigned const char *);
  void char_command (char);
  bool set_raw_win32_keyboard_mode (bool);
  int output_tcsetattr (int a, const struct termios *t);

/* Input calls */
  int igncr_enabled ();
  int input_tcsetattr (int a, const struct termios *t);
  void set_cursor_maybe ();
  static bool create_invisible_console (HWINSTA);
  static bool create_invisible_console_workaround ();
  static console_state *open_shared_console (HWND, HANDLE&, bool&);

 public:
  static pid_t tc_getpgid ()
  {
    return shared_console_info ? shared_console_info->tty_min_state.getpgid () : myself->pgid;
  }
  fhandler_console (fh_devices);
  static console_state *open_shared_console (HWND hw, HANDLE& h)
  {
    bool createit = false;
    return open_shared_console (hw, h, createit);
  }

  fhandler_console* is_console () { return this; }

  bool use_archetype () const {return true;}

  int open (int flags, mode_t mode);
  void open_setup (int flags);
  int dup (fhandler_base *, int);

  void __reg3 read (void *ptr, size_t& len);
  ssize_t __stdcall write (const void *ptr, size_t len);
  void doecho (const void *str, DWORD len) { (void) write (str, len); }
  int close ();
  static bool exists () {return !!GetConsoleCP ();}

  int tcflush (int);
  int tcsetattr (int a, const struct termios *t);
  int tcgetattr (struct termios *t);

  int ioctl (unsigned int cmd, void *);
  int init (HANDLE, DWORD, mode_t);
  bool mouse_aware (MOUSE_EVENT_RECORD& mouse_event);
  bool focus_aware () {return shared_console_info->dev_state.use_focus;}

  select_record *select_read (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_write (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_except (select_stuff *);
  void fixup_after_fork_exec (bool);
  void fixup_after_exec () {fixup_after_fork_exec (true);}
  void fixup_after_fork (HANDLE) {fixup_after_fork_exec (false);}
  void set_close_on_exec (bool val);
  void set_input_state ();
  void send_winch_maybe ();
  void setup ();
  bool set_unit ();
  static bool need_invisible ();
  static void free_console ();

  fhandler_console (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_console *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_console *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_console));
    fhandler_console *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_console (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
  friend tty_min * tty_list::get_cttyp ();
};

class fhandler_pty_common: public fhandler_termios
{
 public:
  fhandler_pty_common ()
    : fhandler_termios (),
      output_mutex (NULL),
    input_mutex (NULL), input_available_event (NULL)
  {
    pc.file_attributes (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL);
  }
  static const unsigned pipesize = 128 * 1024;
  HANDLE output_mutex, input_mutex;
  HANDLE input_available_event;

  bool use_archetype () const {return true;}
  DWORD __acquire_output_mutex (const char *fn, int ln, DWORD ms);
  void __release_output_mutex (const char *fn, int ln);

  int close ();
  off_t lseek (off_t, int);
  bool bytes_available (DWORD& n);
  void set_close_on_exec (bool val);
  select_record *select_read (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_write (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_except (select_stuff *);

  fhandler_pty_common (void *) {}

  virtual void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_pty_common *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  virtual fhandler_pty_common *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_pty_common));
    fhandler_pty_common *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_pty_common (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_pty_slave: public fhandler_pty_common
{
  HANDLE inuse;			// used to indicate that a tty is in use

  /* Helper functions for fchmod and fchown. */
  bool fch_open_handles ();
  int fch_set_sd (security_descriptor &sd, bool chown);
  void fch_close_handles ();

 public:
  /* Constructor */
  fhandler_pty_slave (int);

  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  void open_setup (int flags);
  ssize_t __stdcall write (const void *ptr, size_t len);
  void __reg3 read (void *ptr, size_t& len);
  int init (HANDLE, DWORD, mode_t);

  int tcsetattr (int a, const struct termios *t);
  int tcgetattr (struct termios *t);
  int tcflush (int);
  int ioctl (unsigned int cmd, void *);
  int close ();
  void cleanup ();
  int dup (fhandler_base *child, int);
  void fixup_after_fork (HANDLE parent);
  void fixup_after_exec ();

  select_record *select_read (select_stuff *);
  virtual char const *ttyname () { return pc.dev.name; }
  int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);
  int __reg1 fchmod (mode_t mode);
  int __reg2 fchown (uid_t uid, gid_t gid);

  fhandler_pty_slave (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_pty_slave *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_pty_slave *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_pty_slave));
    fhandler_pty_slave *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_pty_slave (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

#define __ptsname(buf, unit) __small_sprintf ((buf), "/dev/pty%d", (unit))
class fhandler_pty_master: public fhandler_pty_common
{
  int pktmode;			// non-zero if pty in a packet mode.
  HANDLE master_ctl;		// Control socket for handle duplication
  cygthread *master_thread;	// Master control thread
  HANDLE from_master, to_master;
  DWORD dwProcessId;		// Owner of master handles

public:
  int need_nl;			// Next read should start with \n

  /* Constructor */
  fhandler_pty_master (int);

  DWORD pty_master_thread ();
  int process_slave_output (char *buf, size_t len, int pktmode_on);
  void doecho (const void *str, DWORD len);
  int accept_input ();
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  void open_setup (int flags);
  ssize_t __stdcall write (const void *ptr, size_t len);
  void __reg3 read (void *ptr, size_t& len);
  int close ();
  void cleanup ();

  int tcsetattr (int a, const struct termios *t);
  int tcgetattr (struct termios *t);
  int tcflush (int);
  int ioctl (unsigned int cmd, void *);

  int ptsname_r (char *, size_t);

  bool hit_eof ();
  bool setup ();
  int dup (fhandler_base *, int);
  void fixup_after_fork (HANDLE parent);
  void fixup_after_exec ();
  int tcgetpgrp ();
  void flush_to_slave ();

  fhandler_pty_master (void *) {}
  ~fhandler_pty_master ();

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_pty_master *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_pty_master *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_pty_master));
    fhandler_pty_master *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_pty_master (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_dev_null: public fhandler_base
{
 public:
  fhandler_dev_null ();

  select_record *select_read (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_write (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_except (select_stuff *);

  fhandler_dev_null (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_dev_null *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_dev_null *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_dev_null));
    fhandler_dev_null *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_dev_null (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_dev_zero: public fhandler_base
{
 public:
  fhandler_dev_zero ();
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  ssize_t __stdcall write (const void *ptr, size_t len);
  void __reg3 read (void *ptr, size_t& len);
  off_t lseek (off_t offset, int whence);

  virtual HANDLE mmap (caddr_t *addr, size_t len, int prot,
		       int flags, off_t off);
  virtual int munmap (HANDLE h, caddr_t addr, size_t len);
  virtual int msync (HANDLE h, caddr_t addr, size_t len, int flags);
  virtual bool fixup_mmap_after_fork (HANDLE h, int prot, int flags,
				      off_t offset, DWORD size,
				      void *address);

  fhandler_dev_zero (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_dev_zero *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_dev_zero *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_dev_zero));
    fhandler_dev_zero *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_dev_zero (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_dev_random: public fhandler_base
{
 protected:
  HCRYPTPROV crypt_prov;
  uint32_t pseudo;
  off_t dummy_offset;

  bool crypt_gen_random (void *ptr, size_t len);
  int pseudo_write (const void *ptr, size_t len);
  int pseudo_read (void *ptr, size_t len);

 public:
  fhandler_dev_random ();
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  ssize_t __stdcall write (const void *ptr, size_t len);
  void __reg3 read (void *ptr, size_t& len);
  off_t lseek (off_t offset, int whence);
  int close ();
  int dup (fhandler_base *child, int);

  fhandler_dev_random (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_dev_random *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_dev_random *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_dev_random));
    fhandler_dev_random *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_dev_random (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_dev_clipboard: public fhandler_base
{
  off_t pos;
  void *membuffer;
  size_t msize;
 public:
  fhandler_dev_clipboard ();
  int is_windows () { return 1; }
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);
  ssize_t __stdcall write (const void *ptr, size_t len);
  void __reg3 read (void *ptr, size_t& len);
  off_t lseek (off_t offset, int whence);
  int close ();

  int dup (fhandler_base *child, int);
  void fixup_after_exec ();

  fhandler_dev_clipboard (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_dev_clipboard *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_dev_clipboard *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_dev_clipboard));
    fhandler_dev_clipboard *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_dev_clipboard (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_windows: public fhandler_base
{
 private:
  HWND hWnd_;	// the window whose messages are to be retrieved by read() call
  int method_;  // write method (Post or Send)
 public:
  fhandler_windows ();
  int is_windows () { return 1; }
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  ssize_t __stdcall write (const void *ptr, size_t len);
  void __reg3 read (void *ptr, size_t& len);
  int ioctl (unsigned int cmd, void *);
  off_t lseek (off_t, int) { return 0; }
  int close () { return 0; }

  void set_close_on_exec (bool val);
  void fixup_after_fork (HANDLE parent);
  select_record *select_read (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_write (select_stuff *);
  select_record *select_except (select_stuff *);

  fhandler_windows (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_windows *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_windows *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_windows));
    fhandler_windows *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_windows (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_dev_dsp: public fhandler_base
{
 public:
  class Audio;
  class Audio_out;
  class Audio_in;
 private:
  int audioformat_;
  int audiofreq_;
  int audiobits_;
  int audiochannels_;
  Audio_out *audio_out_;
  Audio_in  *audio_in_;
 public:
  fhandler_dev_dsp ();

  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  ssize_t __stdcall write (const void *ptr, size_t len);
  void __reg3 read (void *ptr, size_t& len);
  int ioctl (unsigned int cmd, void *);
  off_t lseek (off_t, int);
  int close ();
  void fixup_after_fork (HANDLE parent);
  void fixup_after_exec ();
 private:
  void close_audio_in ();
  void close_audio_out (bool immediately = false);
  bool use_archetype () const {return true;}

  fhandler_dev_dsp (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_dev_dsp *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_dev_dsp *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_dev_dsp));
    fhandler_dev_dsp *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_dev_dsp (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_virtual : public fhandler_base
{
 protected:
  char *filebuf;
  off_t filesize;
  off_t position;
  int fileid; // unique within each class
 public:

  fhandler_virtual ();
  virtual ~fhandler_virtual();

  virtual virtual_ftype_t exists();
  DIR __reg2 *opendir (int fd);
  long telldir (DIR *);
  void seekdir (DIR *, long);
  void rewinddir (DIR *);
  int closedir (DIR *);
  ssize_t __stdcall write (const void *ptr, size_t len);
  void __reg3 read (void *ptr, size_t& len);
  off_t lseek (off_t, int);
  int dup (fhandler_base *child, int);
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  int close ();
  int __reg2 fstatvfs (struct statvfs *buf);
  int __reg1 fchmod (mode_t mode);
  int __reg2 fchown (uid_t uid, gid_t gid);
  int __reg3 facl (int, int, struct acl *);
  virtual bool fill_filebuf ();
  char *get_filebuf () { return filebuf; }
  void fixup_after_exec ();

  fhandler_virtual (void *) {}

  virtual void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_virtual *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  virtual fhandler_virtual *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_virtual));
    fhandler_virtual *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_virtual (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_proc: public fhandler_virtual
{
 public:
  fhandler_proc ();
  virtual_ftype_t exists();
  DIR __reg2 *opendir (int fd);
  int closedir (DIR *);
  int __reg3 readdir (DIR *, dirent *);
  static fh_devices get_proc_fhandler (const char *path);

  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);
  bool fill_filebuf ();

  fhandler_proc (void *) {}

  virtual void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_proc *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  virtual fhandler_proc *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_proc));
    fhandler_proc *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_proc (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_procsys: public fhandler_virtual
{
 public:
  fhandler_procsys ();
  virtual_ftype_t __reg2 exists(struct stat *buf);
  virtual_ftype_t exists();
  DIR __reg2 *opendir (int fd);
  int __reg3 readdir (DIR *, dirent *);
  long telldir (DIR *);
  void seekdir (DIR *, long);
  int closedir (DIR *);
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  int close ();
  void __reg3 read (void *ptr, size_t& len);
  ssize_t __stdcall write (const void *ptr, size_t len);
  int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);
  bool fill_filebuf ();

  fhandler_procsys (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_procsys *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_procsys *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_procsys));
    fhandler_procsys *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_procsys (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_procsysvipc: public fhandler_proc
{
  pid_t pid;
 public:
  fhandler_procsysvipc ();
  virtual_ftype_t exists();
  int __reg3 readdir (DIR *, dirent *);
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);
  bool fill_filebuf ();

  fhandler_procsysvipc (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_procsysvipc *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_procsysvipc *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_procsysvipc));
    fhandler_procsysvipc *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_procsysvipc (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_netdrive: public fhandler_virtual
{
 public:
  fhandler_netdrive ();
  virtual_ftype_t exists();
  int __reg3 readdir (DIR *, dirent *);
  void seekdir (DIR *, long);
  void rewinddir (DIR *);
  int closedir (DIR *);
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);

  fhandler_netdrive (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_netdrive *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_netdrive *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_netdrive));
    fhandler_netdrive *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_netdrive (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_registry: public fhandler_proc
{
 private:
  wchar_t *value_name;
  DWORD wow64;
  int prefix_len;
 public:
  fhandler_registry ();
  void set_name (path_conv &pc);
  virtual_ftype_t exists();
  DIR __reg2 *opendir (int fd);
  int __reg3 readdir (DIR *, dirent *);
  long telldir (DIR *);
  void seekdir (DIR *, long);
  void rewinddir (DIR *);
  int closedir (DIR *);

  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);
  bool fill_filebuf ();
  int close ();
  int dup (fhandler_base *child, int);

  fhandler_registry (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_registry *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_registry *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_registry));
    fhandler_registry *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_registry (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class pinfo;
class fhandler_process: public fhandler_proc
{
  pid_t pid;
 public:
  fhandler_process ();
  virtual_ftype_t exists();
  DIR __reg2 *opendir (int fd);
  int closedir (DIR *);
  int __reg3 readdir (DIR *, dirent *);
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);
  bool fill_filebuf ();

  fhandler_process (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_process *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_process *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_process));
    fhandler_process *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_process (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

class fhandler_procnet: public fhandler_proc
{
  pid_t pid;
 public:
  fhandler_procnet ();
  virtual_ftype_t exists();
  int __reg3 readdir (DIR *, dirent *);
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
  int __reg2 fstat (struct stat *buf);
  bool fill_filebuf ();

  fhandler_procnet (void *) {}

  void copyto (fhandler_base *x)
  {
    x->pc.free_strings ();
    *reinterpret_cast<fhandler_procnet *> (x) = *this;
    x->reset (this);
  }

  fhandler_procnet *clone (cygheap_types malloc_type = HEAP_FHANDLER)
  {
    void *ptr = (void *) ccalloc (malloc_type, 1, sizeof (fhandler_procnet));
    fhandler_procnet *fh = new (ptr) fhandler_procnet (ptr);
    copyto (fh);
    return fh;
  }
};

struct fhandler_nodevice: public fhandler_base
{
  fhandler_nodevice ();
  int open (int flags, mode_t mode = 0);
};

#define report_tty_counts(fh, call, use_op) \
  termios_printf ("%s %s, %susecount %d",\
		  fh->ttyname (), call,\
		  use_op, ((fhandler_pty_slave *) (fh->archetype ?: fh))->usecount);

typedef union
{
  char __base[sizeof (fhandler_base)];
  char __console[sizeof (fhandler_console)];
  char __dev[sizeof (fhandler_dev)];
  char __cygdrive[sizeof (fhandler_cygdrive)];
  char __dev_clipboard[sizeof (fhandler_dev_clipboard)];
  char __dev_dsp[sizeof (fhandler_dev_dsp)];
  char __dev_floppy[sizeof (fhandler_dev_floppy)];
  char __dev_null[sizeof (fhandler_dev_null)];
  char __dev_random[sizeof (fhandler_dev_random)];
  char __dev_raw[sizeof (fhandler_dev_raw)];
  char __dev_tape[sizeof (fhandler_dev_tape)];
  char __dev_zero[sizeof (fhandler_dev_zero)];
  char __disk_file[sizeof (fhandler_disk_file)];
  char __fifo[sizeof (fhandler_fifo)];
  char __mailslot[sizeof (fhandler_mailslot)];
  char __netdrive[sizeof (fhandler_netdrive)];
  char __nodevice[sizeof (fhandler_nodevice)];
  char __pipe[sizeof (fhandler_pipe)];
  char __proc[sizeof (fhandler_proc)];
  char __process[sizeof (fhandler_process)];
  char __procnet[sizeof (fhandler_procnet)];
  char __procsys[sizeof (fhandler_procsys)];
  char __procsysvipc[sizeof (fhandler_procsysvipc)];
  char __pty_master[sizeof (fhandler_pty_master)];
  char __registry[sizeof (fhandler_registry)];
  char __serial[sizeof (fhandler_serial)];
  char __socket[sizeof (fhandler_socket)];
  char __termios[sizeof (fhandler_termios)];
  char __pty_common[sizeof (fhandler_pty_common)];
  char __pty_slave[sizeof (fhandler_pty_slave)];
  char __virtual[sizeof (fhandler_virtual)];
  char __windows[sizeof (fhandler_windows)];
} fhandler_union;