### This is a Bitwarden server API implementation written in Rust compatible with [upstream Bitwarden clients](https://bitwarden.com/#download)*, perfect for self-hosted deployment where running the official resource-heavy service might not be ideal.
The persistent data is stored under /data inside the container, so the only requirement for persistent deployment using Docker is to mount persistent volume at the path:
```
docker run -d --name bitwarden -v /bw-data/:/data/ -p 80:80 mprasil/bitwarden:latest
```
This will preserve any persistent data under `/bw-data/`, you can adapt the path to whatever suits you.
The service will be exposed on port 80.
### Updating the bitwarden image
Updating is straightforward, you just make sure to preserve the mounted volume. If you used the bind-mounted path as in the example above, you just need to `pull` the latest image, `stop` and `rm` the current container and then start a new one the same way as before:
In case you didn't bind mount the volume for persistent data, you need an intermediate step where you preserve the data with an intermediate container:
```sh
# Pull the latest version
docker pull mprasil/bitwarden:latest
# Create intermediate container to preserve data
docker run --volumes-from bitwarden --name bitwarden_data busybox true
# Stop and remove the old container
docker stop bitwarden
docker rm bitwarden
# Start new container with the data mounted
docker run -d --volumes-from bitwarden_data --name bitwarden -p 80:80 mprasil/bitwarden:latest
# Optionally remove the intermediate container
docker rm bitwarden_data
# Alternatively you can keep data container around for future updates in which case you can skip last step.
```
## Configuring bitwarden service
### Disable registration of new users
By default new users can register, if you want to disable that, set the `SIGNUPS_ALLOWED` env variable to `false`:
Even when registration is disabled, organization administrators or owners can invite users to join organization. This won't send email invitation to the users, but after they are invited, they can register with the invited email even if `SIGNUPS_ALLOWED` is actually set to `false`. You can disable this functionality completely by setting `INVITATIONS_ALLOWED` env variable to `false`:
**Warning:** *Never* use your regular account for the admin functionality. This is a bit of a hack using the Vault interface for something it's not intended to do and it breaks any other functionality for the account. Please set up and use separate account just for this functionality.
You can configure one email account to be server administrator via the `SERVER_ADMIN_EMAIL` environment variable:
```sh
docker run -d --name bitwarden \
-e SERVER_ADMIN_EMAIL=admin@example.com \
-v /bw-data/:/data/ \
-p 80:80 \
mprasil/bitwarden:latest
```
This will give the user extra functionality and privileges to manage users on the server. In the Vault, the user will see a special (virtual) organization called `bitwarden_rs`. This organization doesn't actually exist and can't be used for most things. (can't have collections or ciphers) Instead it just contains all the users registered on the server. Deleting users from this organization will actually completely delete the user from the server. Inviting users into this organization will just invite the user so they are able to register, but will not grant any organization membership. (unlike inviting user to regular organization)
You can think of the `bitwarden_rs` organization as sort of Admin interface to manage users on the server. Keep in mind that deleting user this way removes the user permanently without any way to restore the deleted data just as if user deleted their own account.
Due to what is likely a certificate validation bug in Android, you need to make sure that your certificate includes the full chain of trust. In the case of certbot, this means using `fullchain.pem` instead of `cert.pem`.
Example: [certbot](https://certbot.eff.org/) will create a folder that contains the needed `fullchain.pem` and `privkey.pem` files in `/etc/letsencrypt/live/mydomain/`
- Route the `/notifications/hub` endpoint to the WebSocket server, by default at port `3012`, making sure to pass the `Connection` and `Upgrade` headers. (Note the port can be changed with `WEBSOCKET_PORT` variable)
Note: The reason for this workaround is the lack of support for WebSockets from Rocket (though [it's a planned feature](https://github.com/SergioBenitez/Rocket/issues/90)), which forces us to launch a secondary server on a separate port.
To enable U2F authentication, you must be serving bitwarden_rs from an HTTPS domain with a valid certificate (Either using the included
HTTPS options or with a reverse proxy). We recommend using a free certificate from Let's Encrypt.
After that, you need to set the `DOMAIN` environment variable to the same address from where bitwarden_rs is being served:
```sh
docker run -d --name bitwarden \
-e DOMAIN=https://bw.domain.tld \
-v /bw-data/:/data/ \
-p 80:80 \
mprasil/bitwarden:latest
```
Note that the value has to include the `https://` and it may include a port at the end (in the format of `https://bw.domain.tld:port`) when not using `443`.
To enable YubiKey authentication, you must set the `YUBICO_CLIENT_ID` and `YUBICO_SECRET_KEY` env variables.
If `YUBICO_SERVER` is not specified, it will use the default YubiCloud servers. You can generate `YUBICO_CLIENT_ID` and `YUBICO_SECRET_KEY` for the default YubiCloud [here](https://upgrade.yubico.com/getapikey/).
Note: In order to generate API keys or use a YubiKey with an OTP server, it must be registered. After configuring your key in the [YubiKey Personalization Tool](https://www.yubico.com/products/services-software/personalization-tools/use/), you can register it with the default servers [here](https://upload.yubico.com/).
Note, that in the above example we don't mount the volume locally, which means it won't be persisted during the upgrade unless you use intermediate data container using `--volumes-from`. This will impact performance as bitwarden will have to re-download the icons on restart, but might save you from having stale icons in cache as they are not automatically cleaned.
By default the API calls are limited to 10MB. This should be sufficient for most cases, however if you want to support large imports, this might be limiting you. On the other hand you might want to limit the request size to something smaller than that to prevent API abuse and possible DOS attack, especially if running with limited resources.
To set the limit, you can use the `ROCKET_LIMITS` variable. Example here shows 10MB limit for posted json in the body (this is the default):
When you run bitwarden_rs, it spawns `2 * <number of cpu cores>` workers to handle requests. On some systems this might lead to low number of workers and hence slow performance, so the default in the docker image is changed to spawn 10 threads. You can override this setting to increase or decrease the number of workers by setting the `ROCKET_WORKERS` variable.
When `SMTP_SSL` is set to `true`(this is the default), only TLSv1.1 and TLSv1.2 protocols will be accepted and `SMTP_PORT` will default to `587`. If set to `false`, `SMTP_PORT` will default to `25` and the connection won't be encrypted. This can be very insecure, use this setting only if you know what you're doing.
### Password hint display
Usually, password hints are sent by email. But as bitwarden_rs is made with small or personal deployment in mind, hints are also available from the password hint page, so you don't have to configure an email service. If you want to disable this feature, you can use the `SHOW_PASSWORD_HINT` variable:
### Disabling or overriding the Vault interface hosting
As a convenience bitwarden_rs image will also host static files for Vault web interface. You can disable this static file hosting completely by setting the WEB_VAULT_ENABLED variable.
```sh
docker run -d --name bitwarden \
-e WEB_VAULT_ENABLED=false \
-v /bw-data/:/data/ \
-p 80:80 \
mprasil/bitwarden:latest
```
Alternatively you can override the Vault files and provide your own static files to host. You can do that by mounting a path with your files over the `/web-vault` directory in the container. Just make sure the directory contains at least `index.html` file.
Note that you can also change the path where bitwarden_rs looks for static files by providing the `WEB_VAULT_FOLDER` environment variable with the path.
Though this is unlikely to be required in small deployment, you can fine-tune some other settings like number of workers using environment variables that are processed by [Rocket](https://rocket.rs), please see details in [documentation](https://rocket.rs/guide/configuration/#environment-variables).
For building binary outside the Docker environment and running it locally without docker, please see [build instructions](https://github.com/dani-garcia/bitwarden_rs/blob/master/BUILD.md).
Bitwarden_rs is already packaged for Archlinux thanks to @mqus. There is an [AUR package](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/bitwarden_rs) (optionally with the [vault web interface](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/bitwarden_rs-vault/) ) available.
It will setup a fully functional and secure `bitwarden_rs` application in Kubernetes behind [nginx-ingress-controller](https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx) and AWS [ELBv1](https://aws.amazon.com/elasticloadbalancing/features/#Details_for_Elastic_Load_Balancing_Products). It provides little bit more than just simple deployment but you can use all or just part of the manifests depending on your needs and setup.
The sqlite3 database should be backed up using the proper sqlite3 backup command. This will ensure the database does not become corrupted if the backup happens during a database write.
This command can be run via a CRON job everyday, however note that it will overwrite the same `backup.sqlite3` file each time. This backup file should therefore be saved via incremental backup either using a CRON job command that appends a timestamp or from another backup app such as Duplicati. To restore simply overwrite `db.sqlite3` with `backup.sqlite3` (while bitwarden_rs is stopped).
Running the above command requires sqlite3 to be installed on the docker host system. You can achieve the same result with a sqlite3 docker container using the following command.
You can also run a container with integrated cron daemon to automatically backup your database. See https://gitlab.com/1O/bitwarden_rs-backup for examples.
This is optional, these are only used to store tokens of users currently logged in, deleting them would simply log each user out forcing them to log in again. By default, these are located in the `$DATA_FOLDER` (by default /data in the docker). There are 3 files: rsa_key.der, rsa_key.pem, rsa_key.pub.der.
This is optional, the icon cache can re-download itself however if you have a large cache, it may take a long time. By default it is located in `$DATA_FOLDER/icon_cache`
The root user inside the container is already pretty limited in what it can do, so the default setup should be secure enough. However if you wish to go the extra mile to avoid using root even in container, here's how you can do that:
1. Create a data folder that's owned by non-root user, so you can use that user to write persistent data. Get the user `id`. In linux you can run `stat <folder_name>` to get/verify the owner ID.
2. When you run the container, you need to provide the user ID as one of the parameters. Note that this needs to be in the numeric form and not the username, because docker would try to find such user-defined inside the image, which would likely not be there or it would have different ID than your local user and hence wouldn't be able to write the persistent data. This can be done with the `--user` parameter.
3. bitwarden_rs listens on port `80` inside the container by default, this [won't work with non-root user](https://www.w3.org/Daemon/User/Installation/PrivilegedPorts.html), because regular users aren't allowed to open port below `1024`. To overcome this, you need to configure server to listen on a different port, you can use `ROCKET_PORT` to do that.
Here's sample docker run, that uses user with id `1000` and with the port redirection configured, so that inside container the service is listening on port `8080` and docker translates that to external (host) port `80`:
Because we don't have any SMTP functionality at the moment, there's no way to deliver the verification token when you try to change the email. User just needs to enter any random token to continue and the change will be applied.
### Creating organization
We use upstream Vault interface directly without any (significant) changes, this is why user is presented with paid options when creating organization. To create an organization, just use the free option, none of the limits apply when using bitwarden_rs as back-end API and after the organization is created it should behave like Enterprise organization.
The invited users won't get the invitation email, instead all already registered users will appear in the interface as if they already accepted the invitation. Organization admin then just needs to confirm them to be proper Organization members and to give them access to the shared secrets.
Invited users, that aren't registered yet will show up in the Organization admin interface as "Invited". At the same time an invitation record is created that allows the users to register even if [user registration is disabled](#disable-registration-of-new-users). (unless you [disable this functionality](#disable-invitations)) They will automatically become "Accepted" once they register. From there Organization admin can confirm them to give them access to Organization.
It is strongly recommended to run bitwarden_rs service over HTTPS. However the server itself while [supporting it](#enabling-https) does not strictly require such setup. This makes it a bit easier to spin up the service in cases where you can generally trust the connection (internal and secure network, access over VPN,..) or when you want to put the service behind HTTP proxy, that will do the encryption on the proxy end.
Running over HTTP is still reasonably secure provided you use really strong master password and that you avoid using web Vault over connection that is vulnerable to MITM attacks where attacker could inject javascript into your interface. However some forms of 2FA might not work in this setup and [Vault doesn't work in this configuration in Chrome](https://github.com/bitwarden/web/issues/254).
If you prefer to chat, we're usually hanging around at [#bitwarden_rs:matrix.org](https://matrix.to/#/#bitwarden_rs:matrix.org) room on Matrix. Feel free to join us!
