171 lines
6.4 KiB
TeX
Executable File
171 lines
6.4 KiB
TeX
Executable File
\documentclass{standalone}
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%
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\usepackage{tikz}
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\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds}
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\usetikzlibrary{plotmarks}
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\usetikzlibrary{bending,arrows.meta,snakes,shapes}
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\usepackage{pgfplots}
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\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}
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\usepackage{xcolor}
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\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
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\usetkzobj{all}
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%
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\definecolor{space}{HTML}{1F2C4E}
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\definecolor{earth}{HTML}{0089FA}
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\definecolor{moon}{HTML}{AFAFAF}
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%
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\usepackage{mathptmx}
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\usepackage{fontspec}
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%
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\setmainfont{Montserrat}
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\title{Spin}
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\begin{document}
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\tikzset{
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declare function={f(\x)=sin(540*\x);}
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}
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\begin{tikzpicture}[>={[inset=0,angle'=27]Stealth},background rectangle/.style={fill=space},show background rectangle]
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%
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\begin{scope}[xscale=4,yscale=1.2]
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%asse z
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\tkzDefPoint(0,-15){Z1} \tkzDefPoint(0,15){Z2}
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick,color=white](Z1,Z2)
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\node [right] at (Z2) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{24}{25}\selectfont \emph{S}}};
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\node [right,shift={(0.5,-0.4)}] at (Z2) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{13}{14}\selectfont \emph{z}}};
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%asse y
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\tkzDefPoint(-5,-2){Y1} \tkzDefPoint(5,2){Y2}
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick,color=white](Y1,Y2)
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\node [right] at (Y2) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{24}{25}\selectfont \emph{S}}};
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\node [right,shift={(0.5,-0.4)}] at (Y2) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{13}{14}\selectfont \emph{y}}};
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%asse x
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\tkzDefPoint(-5,2){X1} \tkzDefPoint(5,-2){X2}
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick,color=white](X1,X2)
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\node [right] at (X2) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{24}{25}\selectfont \emph{S}}};
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\node [right,shift={(0.5,-0.4)}] at (X2) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{13}{14}\selectfont \emph{x}}};
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%ellisse superiore
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\tkzDefPoint(0,10){C}
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\tkzDefPoint(3,10){A}
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\tkzDrawCircle[fill=earth,color=earth,opacity=0.5](C,A)
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%centro
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\tkzDefPoint(0,0){V}
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%ellisse centrale
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\tkzDefPointBy[rotation= center C angle -60](A) \tkzGetPoint{s}
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%
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\tkzDefLine[parallel=through s](V,C) \tkzGetPoint{s'}
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\tkzInterLL(s,s')(X1,X2) \tkzGetPoint{s1}
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\tkzInterLL(s,s')(Y1,Y2) \tkzGetPoint{s2}
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\tkzDrawCircle[fill=earth,color=earth,opacity=0.5](V,s1)
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%
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\tkzTangent[from=V](C,A) \tkzGetPoints{a}{b}
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\tkzDrawLines[color=white](V,a V,b)
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%ellisse inferiore
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\tkzDefPoint(0,-10){C1}
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\tkzDefPoint(3,-10){A1}
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\tkzDrawCircle[fill=earth,color=earth,opacity=0.5](C1,A1)
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\tkzTangent[from=V](C1,A1) \tkzGetPoints{a1}{b1}
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\tkzDrawLines[color=white](V,a1 V,b1)
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%
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick,color=red](V,C)
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\node [left] at (C) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{24}{25}\selectfont +\emph{ħ}/2}};
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\draw (-0.05,-10) -- (0.05,-10);
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\node [left] at (C1) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{24}{25}\selectfont -\emph{ħ}/2}};
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%
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick,color=moon](V,s)
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\node [left, above] at (s) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{24}{25}\selectfont S}};
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%spin x e y
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick,color=red](V,s1)
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick,color=red](V,s2)
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\end{scope}
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%
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\begin{scope}[rotate around={-30:(0,0)}]
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\begin{scope}[xscale=4,yscale=4]
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\tkzDefPoint(0,4.8){v1}
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\tkzDefPoint(0,5.6){v2}
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick, color=white](v1,v2)
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\tkzDefPoint(0,5.2){C'}
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\tkzDefPoint(0.25,5.2){A'}
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\tkzDrawCircle[fill=earth,color=earth,opacity=0.5](C',A')
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\end{scope}
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%
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\begin{scope}[xscale=4,yscale=1.2,shift={(0,12)}]
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\tikzset{compass style/.append style={->}}
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\tkzDefPoint(0,5.2){C''}
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\tkzDefPoint(0.3,5.2){A''}
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\tkzDefPoint(-0.3,5.2){B''}
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\tkzDrawArc[color=white,ultra thick](C'',B'')(A'')
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\end{scope}
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\end{scope}
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%destra
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\begin{scope}[shift={(50,0)}]
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\begin{scope}[xscale=4,yscale=1.2]
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%asse z
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\tkzDefPoint(0,-15){Z1} \tkzDefPoint(0,15){Z2}
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick,color=white](Z1,Z2)
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\node [right] at (Z2) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{24}{25}\selectfont \emph{S}}};
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\node [right,shift={(0.5,-0.4)}] at (Z2) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{13}{14}\selectfont \emph{z}}};
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%asse y
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\tkzDefPoint(-5,-2){Y1} \tkzDefPoint(5,2){Y2}
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick,color=white](Y1,Y2)
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\node [right] at (Y2) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{24}{25}\selectfont \emph{S}}};
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\node [right,shift={(0.5,-0.4)}] at (Y2) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{13}{14}\selectfont \emph{y}}};
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%asse x
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\tkzDefPoint(-5,2){X1} \tkzDefPoint(5,-2){X2}
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick,color=white](X1,X2)
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\node [right] at (X2) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{24}{25}\selectfont \emph{S}}};
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\node [right,shift={(0.5,-0.4)}] at (X2) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{13}{14}\selectfont \emph{x}}};
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%ellisse superiore
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\tkzDefPoint(0,10){C}
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\tkzDefPoint(3,10){A}
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\tkzDrawCircle[fill=earth,color=earth,opacity=0.5](C,A)
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%centro
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\tkzDefPoint(0,0){V}
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%ellisse inferiore
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\tkzDefPoint(0,-10){C1}
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\tkzDefPoint(3,-10){A1}
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\tkzDrawCircle[fill=earth,color=earth,opacity=0.5](C1,A1)
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\tkzTangent[from=V](C1,A1) \tkzGetPoints{a1}{b1}
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\tkzDrawLines[color=white](V,a1 V,b1)
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%ellisse centrale
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\tkzDefPointBy[rotation= center C1 angle -120](A1) \tkzGetPoint{s}
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%
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\tkzDefLine[parallel=through s](V,C) \tkzGetPoint{s'}
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\tkzInterLL(s,s')(X1,X2) \tkzGetPoint{s1}
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\tkzInterLL(s,s')(Y1,Y2) \tkzGetPoint{s2}
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\tkzDrawCircle[fill=earth,color=earth,opacity=0.5](V,s1)
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%
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\tkzTangent[from=V](C,A) \tkzGetPoints{a}{b}
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\tkzDrawLines[color=white](V,a V,b)
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%
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick,color=red](V,C1)
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\node [left] at (C1) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{24}{25}\selectfont -\emph{ħ}/2}};
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\draw (-0.05,10) -- (0.05,10);
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\node [left] at (C) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{24}{25}\selectfont +\emph{ħ}/2}};
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%
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick,color=moon](V,s)
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\node [left, below] at (s) {\textcolor{white}{\fontsize{24}{25}\selectfont -S}};
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%spin x e y
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick,color=red](V,s1)
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick,color=red](V,s2)
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\end{scope}
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%
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\begin{scope}[rotate around={158:(0,0)}]
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\begin{scope}[xscale=4,yscale=4]
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\tkzDefPoint(0,4.8){v1}
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\tkzDefPoint(0,5.6){v2}
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\tkzDrawSegment[->,ultra thick, color=white](v1,v2)
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\tkzDefPoint(0,5.2){C'}
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\tkzDefPoint(0.25,5.2){A'}
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\tkzDrawCircle[fill=earth,color=earth,opacity=0.5](C',A')
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\end{scope}
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%
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\begin{scope}[xscale=4,yscale=1.2,shift={(0,12)}]
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\tikzset{compass style/.append style={->}}
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\tkzDefPoint(0,5.2){C''}
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\tkzDefPoint(0.3,5.2){A''}
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\tkzDefPoint(-0.3,5.2){B''}
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\tkzDrawArc[color=white,ultra thick](C'',B'')(A'')
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\end{scope}
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\end{scope}
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\end{scope}
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\end{document} |