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yt-dlp/yt_dlp/downloader/hls.py

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import binascii
import io
import re
import urllib.parse
from . import get_suitable_downloader
from .external import FFmpegFD
from .fragment import FragmentFD
from .. import webvtt
from ..dependencies import Cryptodome_AES
from ..utils import bug_reports_message, parse_m3u8_attributes, update_url_query
class HlsFD(FragmentFD):
"""
Download segments in a m3u8 manifest. External downloaders can take over
the fragment downloads by supporting the 'm3u8_frag_urls' protocol and
re-defining 'supports_manifest' function
"""
FD_NAME = 'hlsnative'
@staticmethod
def can_download(manifest, info_dict, allow_unplayable_formats=False):
UNSUPPORTED_FEATURES = [
# r'#EXT-X-BYTERANGE', # playlists composed of byte ranges of media files [2]
# Live streams heuristic does not always work (e.g. geo restricted to Germany
# http://hls-geo.daserste.de/i/videoportal/Film/c_620000/622873/format,716451,716457,716450,716458,716459,.mp4.csmil/index_4_av.m3u8?null=0)
# r'#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:(?!0$)', # live streams [3]
# This heuristic also is not correct since segments may not be appended as well.
# Twitch vods of finished streams have EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:EVENT despite
# no segments will definitely be appended to the end of the playlist.
# r'#EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:EVENT', # media segments may be appended to the end of
# # event media playlists [4]
# r'#EXT-X-MAP:', # media initialization [5]
# 1. https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pantos-http-live-streaming-17#section-4.3.2.4
# 2. https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pantos-http-live-streaming-17#section-4.3.2.2
# 3. https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pantos-http-live-streaming-17#section-4.3.3.2
# 4. https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pantos-http-live-streaming-17#section-4.3.3.5
# 5. https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pantos-http-live-streaming-17#section-4.3.2.5
]
if not allow_unplayable_formats:
UNSUPPORTED_FEATURES += [
r'#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=(?!NONE|AES-128)', # encrypted streams [1]
]
def check_results():
yield not info_dict.get('is_live')
for feature in UNSUPPORTED_FEATURES:
yield not re.search(feature, manifest)
return all(check_results())
def real_download(self, filename, info_dict):
man_url = info_dict['url']
self.to_screen('[%s] Downloading m3u8 manifest' % self.FD_NAME)
urlh = self.ydl.urlopen(self._prepare_url(info_dict, man_url))
man_url = urlh.geturl()
s = urlh.read().decode('utf-8', 'ignore')
can_download, message = self.can_download(s, info_dict, self.params.get('allow_unplayable_formats')), None
if can_download:
has_ffmpeg = FFmpegFD.available()
no_crypto = not Cryptodome_AES and '#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=AES-128' in s
if no_crypto and has_ffmpeg:
can_download, message = False, 'The stream has AES-128 encryption and pycryptodomex is not available'
elif no_crypto:
message = ('The stream has AES-128 encryption and neither ffmpeg nor pycryptodomex are available; '
'Decryption will be performed natively, but will be extremely slow')
elif info_dict.get('extractor_key') == 'Generic' and re.search(r'(?m)#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:(?!0$)', s):
install_ffmpeg = '' if has_ffmpeg else 'install ffmpeg and '
message = ('Live HLS streams are not supported by the native downloader. If this is a livestream, '
f'please {install_ffmpeg}add "--downloader ffmpeg --hls-use-mpegts" to your command')
if not can_download:
has_drm = re.search('|'.join([
r'#EXT-X-FAXS-CM:', # Adobe Flash Access
r'#EXT-X-(?:SESSION-)?KEY:.*?URI="skd://', # Apple FairPlay
]), s)
if has_drm and not self.params.get('allow_unplayable_formats'):
self.report_error(
'This video is DRM protected; Try selecting another format with --format or '
'add --check-formats to automatically fallback to the next best format')
return False
message = message or 'Unsupported features have been detected'
fd = FFmpegFD(self.ydl, self.params)
self.report_warning(f'{message}; extraction will be delegated to {fd.get_basename()}')
return fd.real_download(filename, info_dict)
elif message:
self.report_warning(message)
is_webvtt = info_dict['ext'] == 'vtt'
if is_webvtt:
real_downloader = None # Packing the fragments is not currently supported for external downloader
else:
real_downloader = get_suitable_downloader(
info_dict, self.params, None, protocol='m3u8_frag_urls', to_stdout=(filename == '-'))
if real_downloader and not real_downloader.supports_manifest(s):
real_downloader = None
if real_downloader:
self.to_screen(f'[{self.FD_NAME}] Fragment downloads will be delegated to {real_downloader.get_basename()}')
def is_ad_fragment_start(s):
return (s.startswith('#ANVATO-SEGMENT-INFO') and 'type=ad' in s
or s.startswith('#UPLYNK-SEGMENT') and s.endswith(',ad'))
def is_ad_fragment_end(s):
return (s.startswith('#ANVATO-SEGMENT-INFO') and 'type=master' in s
or s.startswith('#UPLYNK-SEGMENT') and s.endswith(',segment'))
fragments = []
media_frags = 0
ad_frags = 0
ad_frag_next = False
for line in s.splitlines():
line = line.strip()
if not line:
continue
if line.startswith('#'):
if is_ad_fragment_start(line):
ad_frag_next = True
elif is_ad_fragment_end(line):
ad_frag_next = False
continue
if ad_frag_next:
ad_frags += 1
continue
media_frags += 1
ctx = {
'filename': filename,
'total_frags': media_frags,
'ad_frags': ad_frags,
}
if real_downloader:
self._prepare_external_frag_download(ctx)
else:
self._prepare_and_start_frag_download(ctx, info_dict)
extra_state = ctx.setdefault('extra_state', {})
format_index = info_dict.get('format_index')
extra_query = None
extra_param_to_segment_url = info_dict.get('extra_param_to_segment_url')
if extra_param_to_segment_url:
extra_query = urllib.parse.parse_qs(extra_param_to_segment_url)
i = 0
media_sequence = 0
decrypt_info = {'METHOD': 'NONE'}
byte_range = {}
discontinuity_count = 0
frag_index = 0
ad_frag_next = False
for line in s.splitlines():
line = line.strip()
if line:
if not line.startswith('#'):
if format_index and discontinuity_count != format_index:
continue
if ad_frag_next:
continue
frag_index += 1
if frag_index <= ctx['fragment_index']:
continue
frag_url = (
line
if re.match(r'^https?://', line)
else urllib.parse.urljoin(man_url, line))
if extra_query:
frag_url = update_url_query(frag_url, extra_query)
fragments.append({
'frag_index': frag_index,
'url': frag_url,
'decrypt_info': decrypt_info,
'byte_range': byte_range,
'media_sequence': media_sequence,
})
media_sequence += 1
elif line.startswith('#EXT-X-MAP'):
if format_index and discontinuity_count != format_index:
continue
if frag_index > 0:
self.report_error(
'Initialization fragment found after media fragments, unable to download')
return False
frag_index += 1
map_info = parse_m3u8_attributes(line[11:])
frag_url = (
map_info.get('URI')
if re.match(r'^https?://', map_info.get('URI'))
else urllib.parse.urljoin(man_url, map_info.get('URI')))
if extra_query:
frag_url = update_url_query(frag_url, extra_query)
if map_info.get('BYTERANGE'):
splitted_byte_range = map_info.get('BYTERANGE').split('@')
sub_range_start = int(splitted_byte_range[1]) if len(splitted_byte_range) == 2 else byte_range['end']
byte_range = {
'start': sub_range_start,
'end': sub_range_start + int(splitted_byte_range[0]),
}
fragments.append({
'frag_index': frag_index,
'url': frag_url,
'decrypt_info': decrypt_info,
'byte_range': byte_range,
'media_sequence': media_sequence
})
media_sequence += 1
elif line.startswith('#EXT-X-KEY'):
decrypt_url = decrypt_info.get('URI')
decrypt_info = parse_m3u8_attributes(line[11:])
if decrypt_info['METHOD'] == 'AES-128':
if 'IV' in decrypt_info:
decrypt_info['IV'] = binascii.unhexlify(decrypt_info['IV'][2:].zfill(32))
if not re.match(r'^https?://', decrypt_info['URI']):
decrypt_info['URI'] = urllib.parse.urljoin(
man_url, decrypt_info['URI'])
if extra_query:
decrypt_info['URI'] = update_url_query(decrypt_info['URI'], extra_query)
if decrypt_url != decrypt_info['URI']:
decrypt_info['KEY'] = None
elif line.startswith('#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE'):
media_sequence = int(line[22:])
elif line.startswith('#EXT-X-BYTERANGE'):
splitted_byte_range = line[17:].split('@')
sub_range_start = int(splitted_byte_range[1]) if len(splitted_byte_range) == 2 else byte_range['end']
byte_range = {
'start': sub_range_start,
'end': sub_range_start + int(splitted_byte_range[0]),
}
elif is_ad_fragment_start(line):
ad_frag_next = True
elif is_ad_fragment_end(line):
ad_frag_next = False
elif line.startswith('#EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY'):
discontinuity_count += 1
i += 1
# We only download the first fragment during the test
if self.params.get('test', False):
fragments = [fragments[0] if fragments else None]
if real_downloader:
info_dict['fragments'] = fragments
fd = real_downloader(self.ydl, self.params)
# TODO: Make progress updates work without hooking twice
# for ph in self._progress_hooks:
# fd.add_progress_hook(ph)
return fd.real_download(filename, info_dict)
if is_webvtt:
def pack_fragment(frag_content, frag_index):
output = io.StringIO()
adjust = 0
overflow = False
mpegts_last = None
for block in webvtt.parse_fragment(frag_content):
if isinstance(block, webvtt.CueBlock):
extra_state['webvtt_mpegts_last'] = mpegts_last
if overflow:
extra_state['webvtt_mpegts_adjust'] += 1
overflow = False
block.start += adjust
block.end += adjust
dedup_window = extra_state.setdefault('webvtt_dedup_window', [])
ready = []
i = 0
is_new = True
while i < len(dedup_window):
wcue = dedup_window[i]
wblock = webvtt.CueBlock.from_json(wcue)
i += 1
if wblock.hinges(block):
wcue['end'] = block.end
is_new = False
continue
if wblock == block:
is_new = False
continue
if wblock.end > block.start:
continue
ready.append(wblock)
i -= 1
del dedup_window[i]
if is_new:
dedup_window.append(block.as_json)
for block in ready:
block.write_into(output)
# we only emit cues once they fall out of the duplicate window
continue
elif isinstance(block, webvtt.Magic):
# take care of MPEG PES timestamp overflow
if block.mpegts is None:
block.mpegts = 0
extra_state.setdefault('webvtt_mpegts_adjust', 0)
block.mpegts += extra_state['webvtt_mpegts_adjust'] << 33
if block.mpegts < extra_state.get('webvtt_mpegts_last', 0):
overflow = True
block.mpegts += 1 << 33
mpegts_last = block.mpegts
if frag_index == 1:
extra_state['webvtt_mpegts'] = block.mpegts or 0
extra_state['webvtt_local'] = block.local or 0
# XXX: block.local = block.mpegts = None ?
else:
if block.mpegts is not None and block.local is not None:
adjust = (
(block.mpegts - extra_state.get('webvtt_mpegts', 0))
- (block.local - extra_state.get('webvtt_local', 0))
)
continue
elif isinstance(block, webvtt.HeaderBlock):
if frag_index != 1:
# XXX: this should probably be silent as well
# or verify that all segments contain the same data
self.report_warning(bug_reports_message(
'Discarding a %s block found in the middle of the stream; '
'if the subtitles display incorrectly,'
% (type(block).__name__)))
continue
block.write_into(output)
return output.getvalue().encode()
def fin_fragments():
dedup_window = extra_state.get('webvtt_dedup_window')
if not dedup_window:
return b''
output = io.StringIO()
for cue in dedup_window:
webvtt.CueBlock.from_json(cue).write_into(output)
return output.getvalue().encode()
self.download_and_append_fragments(
ctx, fragments, info_dict, pack_func=pack_fragment, finish_func=fin_fragments)
else:
return self.download_and_append_fragments(ctx, fragments, info_dict)
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