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<div class="section" id="how-to-protect-an-instance">
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<h1>How to protect an instance<a class="headerlink" href="#how-to-protect-an-instance" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<p>Searx depens on external search services. To avoid the abuse of these services
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it is advised to limit the number of requests processed by searx.</p>
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<p>An application firewall, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">filtron</span></code> solves exactly this problem. Information
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on how to install it can be found at the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/asciimoo/filtron">project page of filtron</a>.</p>
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<div class="section" id="sample-configuration-of-filtron">
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<h2>Sample configuration of filtron<a class="headerlink" href="#sample-configuration-of-filtron" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>An example configuration can be find below. This configuration limits the access
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of:</p>
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<ul class="simple">
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<li><p>scripts or applications (roboagent limit)</p></li>
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<li><p>webcrawlers (botlimit)</p></li>
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<li><p>IPs which send too many requests (IP limit)</p></li>
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<li><p>too many json, csv, etc. requests (rss/json limit)</p></li>
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<li><p>the same UserAgent of if too many requests (useragent limit)</p></li>
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</ul>
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<div class="highlight-json notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">[{</span>
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<span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"search request"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"filters"</span><span class="p">:[</span>
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<span class="s2">"Param:q"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="s2">"Path=^(/|/search)$"</span>
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<span class="p">],</span>
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<span class="nt">"interval"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"<time-interval-in-sec (int)>"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"limit"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"<max-request-number-in-interval (int)>"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"subrules"</span><span class="p">:[</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"roboagent limit"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"interval"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"<time-interval-in-sec (int)>"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"limit"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"<max-request-number-in-interval (int)>"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"filters"</span><span class="p">:[</span>
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<span class="s2">"Header:User-Agent=(curl|cURL|Wget|python-requests|Scrapy|FeedFetcher|Go-http-client)"</span>
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<span class="p">],</span>
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<span class="nt">"actions"</span><span class="p">:[</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"block"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"params"</span><span class="p">:{</span>
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<span class="nt">"message"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"Rate limit exceeded"</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">]</span>
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<span class="p">},</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"botlimit"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"limit"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"stop"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"filters"</span><span class="p">:[</span>
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<span class="s2">"Header:User-Agent=(Googlebot|bingbot|Baiduspider|yacybot|YandexMobileBot|YandexBot|Yahoo! Slurp|MJ12bot|AhrefsBot|archive.org_bot|msnbot|MJ12bot|SeznamBot|linkdexbot|Netvibes|SMTBot|zgrab|James BOT)"</span>
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<span class="p">],</span>
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<span class="nt">"actions"</span><span class="p">:[</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"block"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"params"</span><span class="p">:{</span>
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<span class="nt">"message"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"Rate limit exceeded"</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">]</span>
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<span class="p">},</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"IP limit"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"interval"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"<time-interval-in-sec (int)>"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"limit"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"<max-request-number-in-interval (int)>"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"stop"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"aggregations"</span><span class="p">:[</span>
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<span class="s2">"Header:X-Forwarded-For"</span>
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<span class="p">],</span>
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<span class="nt">"actions"</span><span class="p">:[</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"block"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"params"</span><span class="p">:{</span>
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<span class="nt">"message"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"Rate limit exceeded"</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">]</span>
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<span class="p">},</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"rss/json limit"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"interval"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"<time-interval-in-sec (int)>"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"limit"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"<max-request-number-in-interval (int)>"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"stop"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"filters"</span><span class="p">:[</span>
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<span class="s2">"Param:format=(csv|json|rss)"</span>
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<span class="p">],</span>
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<span class="nt">"actions"</span><span class="p">:[</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"block"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"params"</span><span class="p">:{</span>
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<span class="nt">"message"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"Rate limit exceeded"</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">]</span>
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<span class="p">},</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"useragent limit"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"interval"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"<time-interval-in-sec (int)>"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"limit"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"<max-request-number-in-interval (int)>"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"aggregations"</span><span class="p">:[</span>
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<span class="s2">"Header:User-Agent"</span>
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<span class="p">],</span>
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<span class="nt">"actions"</span><span class="p">:[</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"block"</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="nt">"params"</span><span class="p">:{</span>
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<span class="nt">"message"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"Rate limit exceeded"</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">]</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">]</span>
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<span class="p">}]</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="route-request-through-filtron">
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<h2>Route request through filtron<a class="headerlink" href="#route-request-through-filtron" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Filtron can be started using the following command:</p>
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<div class="highlight-sh notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ filtron -rules rules.json
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>It listens on <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">127.0.0.1:4004</span></code> and forwards filtered requests to
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<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">127.0.0.1:8888</span></code> by default.</p>
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<p>Use it along with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nginx</span></code> with the following example configuration.</p>
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<div class="highlight-nginx notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">location</span> <span class="s">/</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="kn">proxy_set_header</span> <span class="s">Host</span> <span class="nv">$http_host</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="kn">proxy_set_header</span> <span class="s">X-Real-IP</span> <span class="nv">$remote_addr</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="kn">proxy_set_header</span> <span class="s">X-Forwarded-For</span> <span class="nv">$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="kn">proxy_set_header</span> <span class="s">X-Scheme</span> <span class="nv">$scheme</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="kn">proxy_pass</span> <span class="s">http://127.0.0.1:4004/</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>Requests are coming from port 4004 going through filtron and then forwarded to
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port 8888 where a searx is being run.</p>
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