searx/searx/engines/google.py

# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
"""Google (Web)

For detailed description of the *REST-full* API see: `Query Parameter
Definitions`_.

.. _Query Parameter Definitions:
   https://developers.google.com/custom-search/docs/xml_results#WebSearch_Query_Parameter_Definitions
"""

# pylint: disable=invalid-name, missing-function-docstring, too-many-branches

from urllib.parse import urlencode, urlparse
from random import random
from lxml import html
from searx import logger
from searx.utils import match_language, extract_text, eval_xpath, eval_xpath_list, eval_xpath_getindex
from searx.exceptions import SearxEngineCaptchaException

logger = logger.getChild('google engine')

# about
about = {
    "website": 'https://www.google.com',
    "wikidata_id": 'Q9366',
    "official_api_documentation": 'https://developers.google.com/custom-search/',
    "use_official_api": False,
    "require_api_key": False,
    "results": 'HTML',
}

# engine dependent config
categories = ['general']
paging = True
time_range_support = True
safesearch = True
use_mobile_ui = False
supported_languages_url = 'https://www.google.com/preferences?#languages'

# based on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Google_domains and tests
google_domains = {
    'BG': 'google.bg',      # Bulgaria
    'CZ': 'google.cz',      # Czech Republic
    'DE': 'google.de',      # Germany
    'DK': 'google.dk',      # Denmark
    'AT': 'google.at',      # Austria
    'CH': 'google.ch',      # Switzerland
    'GR': 'google.gr',      # Greece
    'AU': 'google.com.au',  # Australia
    'CA': 'google.ca',      # Canada
    'GB': 'google.co.uk',   # United Kingdom
    'ID': 'google.co.id',   # Indonesia
    'IE': 'google.ie',      # Ireland
    'IN': 'google.co.in',   # India
    'MY': 'google.com.my',  # Malaysia
    'NZ': 'google.co.nz',   # New Zealand
    'PH': 'google.com.ph',  # Philippines
    'SG': 'google.com.sg',  # Singapore
    'US': 'google.com',     # United States (google.us) redirects to .com
    'ZA': 'google.co.za',   # South Africa
    'AR': 'google.com.ar',  # Argentina
    'CL': 'google.cl',      # Chile
    'ES': 'google.es',      # Spain
    'MX': 'google.com.mx',  # Mexico
    'EE': 'google.ee',      # Estonia
    'FI': 'google.fi',      # Finland
    'BE': 'google.be',      # Belgium
    'FR': 'google.fr',      # France
    'IL': 'google.co.il',   # Israel
    'HR': 'google.hr',      # Croatia
    'HU': 'google.hu',      # Hungary
    'IT': 'google.it',      # Italy
    'JP': 'google.co.jp',   # Japan
    'KR': 'google.co.kr',   # South Korea
    'LT': 'google.lt',      # Lithuania
    'LV': 'google.lv',      # Latvia
    'NO': 'google.no',      # Norway
    'NL': 'google.nl',      # Netherlands
    'PL': 'google.pl',      # Poland
    'BR': 'google.com.br',  # Brazil
    'PT': 'google.pt',      # Portugal
    'RO': 'google.ro',      # Romania
    'RU': 'google.ru',      # Russia
    'SK': 'google.sk',      # Slovakia
    'SI': 'google.si',      # Slovenia
    'SE': 'google.se',      # Sweden
    'TH': 'google.co.th',   # Thailand
    'TR': 'google.com.tr',  # Turkey
    'UA': 'google.com.ua',  # Ukraine
    'CN': 'google.com.hk',  # There is no google.cn, we use .com.hk for zh-CN
    'HK': 'google.com.hk',  # Hong Kong
    'TW': 'google.com.tw'   # Taiwan
}

time_range_dict = {
    'day': 'd',
    'week': 'w',
    'month': 'm',
    'year': 'y'
}

# Filter results. 0: None, 1: Moderate, 2: Strict
filter_mapping = {
    0: 'off',
    1: 'medium',
    2: 'high'
}

# specific xpath variables
# ------------------------

results_xpath = '//div[contains(@class, "MjjYud")]'
title_xpath = './/h3[1]'
href_xpath = './/a/@href'
content_xpath = './/div[@data-content-feature=1]'
results_xpath_mobile_ui = '//div[contains(@class, "g ")]'

# google *sections* are no usual *results*, we ignore them
g_section_with_header = './g-section-with-header'


# Suggestions are links placed in a *card-section*, we extract only the text
# from the links not the links itself.
suggestion_xpath = '//div[contains(@class, "card-section")]//a'

# Since google does *auto-correction* on the first query these are not really
# *spelling suggestions*, we use them anyway.
spelling_suggestion_xpath = '//div[@class="med"]/p/a'


def get_lang_info(params, lang_list, custom_aliases, supported_any_language):
    ret_val = {}

    _lang = params['language']
    _any_language = _lang.lower() == 'all'
    if _any_language:
        _lang = 'en-US'

    language = match_language(_lang, lang_list, custom_aliases)
    ret_val['language'] = language

    # the requested language from params (en, en-US, de, de-AT, fr, fr-CA, ...)
    _l = _lang.split('-')

    # the country code (US, AT, CA)
    if len(_l) == 2:
        country = _l[1]
    else:
        country = _l[0].upper()
        if country == 'EN':
            country = 'US'

    ret_val['country'] = country

    # the combination (en-US, en-EN, de-DE, de-AU, fr-FR, fr-FR)
    lang_country = '%s-%s' % (language, country)

    # subdomain
    ret_val['subdomain']  = 'www.' + google_domains.get(country.upper(), 'google.com')

    ret_val['params'] = {}
    ret_val['headers'] = {}

    if _any_language and supported_any_language:
        # based on whoogle
        ret_val['params']['source'] = 'lnt'
    else:
        # Accept-Language: fr-CH, fr;q=0.8, en;q=0.6, *;q=0.5
        ret_val['headers']['Accept-Language'] = ','.join([
            lang_country,
            language + ';q=0.8,',
            'en;q=0.6',
            '*;q=0.5',
        ])

        # lr parameter:
        #   https://developers.google.com/custom-search/docs/xml_results#lrsp
        # Language Collection Values:
        #   https://developers.google.com/custom-search/docs/xml_results_appendices#languageCollections
        ret_val['params']['lr'] = "lang_" + lang_country if lang_country in lang_list else language

    ret_val['params']['hl'] = lang_country if lang_country in lang_list else language

    # hl parameter:
    #   https://developers.google.com/custom-search/docs/xml_results#hlsp The
    # Interface Language:
    #   https://developers.google.com/custom-search/docs/xml_results_appendices#interfaceLanguages
    return ret_val

def detect_google_sorry(resp):
    resp_url = urlparse(resp.url)
    if resp_url.netloc == 'sorry.google.com' or resp_url.path.startswith('/sorry'):
        raise SearxEngineCaptchaException()


def request(query, params):
    """Google search request"""

    offset = (params['pageno'] - 1) * 10

    lang_info = get_lang_info(
        # pylint: disable=undefined-variable
        params, supported_languages, language_aliases, True
    )

    additional_parameters = {}
    if use_mobile_ui:
        additional_parameters = {
            'asearch': 'arc',
            'async': 'use_ac:true,_fmt:html',
        }

    # https://www.google.de/search?q=corona&hl=de&lr=lang_de&start=0&tbs=qdr%3Ad&safe=medium
    query_url = 'https://' + lang_info['subdomain'] + '/search' + "?" + urlencode({
        'q': query,
        **lang_info['params'],
        'ie': "utf8",
        'oe': "utf8",
        'start': offset,
        'filter': '0',
        'ucbcb': 1,
        **additional_parameters,
    })

    if params['time_range'] in time_range_dict:
        query_url += '&' + urlencode({'tbs': 'qdr:' + time_range_dict[params['time_range']]})
    if params['safesearch']:
        query_url += '&' + urlencode({'safe': filter_mapping[params['safesearch']]})

    logger.debug("query_url --> %s", query_url)
    params['url'] = query_url

    logger.debug("HTTP header Accept-Language --> %s", lang_info.get('Accept-Language'))
    params['cookies']['CONSENT'] = "PENDING+" + str(random()*100)
    params['headers'].update(lang_info['headers'])
    if use_mobile_ui:
        params['headers']['Accept'] = '*/*'
    else:
        params['headers']['Accept'] = (
            'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8'
        )

    return params


def response(resp):
    """Get response from google's search request"""

    detect_google_sorry(resp)

    results = []

    # convert the text to dom
    dom = html.fromstring(resp.text)

    # results --> answer
    answer_list = eval_xpath(dom, '//div[contains(@class, "LGOjhe")]')
    if answer_list:
        answer_list = [_.xpath("normalize-space()") for _ in answer_list]
        results.append({'answer': ' '.join(answer_list)})
    else:
        logger.debug("did not find 'answer'")

    # results --> number_of_results
        if not use_mobile_ui:
            try:
                _txt = eval_xpath_getindex(dom, '//div[@id="result-stats"]//text()', 0)
                _digit = ''.join([n for n in _txt if n.isdigit()])
                number_of_results = int(_digit)
                results.append({'number_of_results': number_of_results})
            except Exception as e:  # pylint: disable=broad-except
                logger.debug("did not 'number_of_results'")
                logger.error(e, exc_info=True)

    # parse results

    _results_xpath = results_xpath
    if use_mobile_ui:
        _results_xpath = results_xpath_mobile_ui

    for result in eval_xpath_list(dom, _results_xpath):

        # google *sections*
        if extract_text(eval_xpath(result, g_section_with_header)):
            logger.debug("ignoring <g-section-with-header>")
            continue

        try:
            title_tag = eval_xpath_getindex(result, title_xpath, 0, default=None)
            if title_tag is None:
                # this not one of the common google results *section*
                logger.debug('ingoring item from the result_xpath list: missing title')
                continue
            title = extract_text(title_tag)
            url = eval_xpath_getindex(result, href_xpath, 0, None)
            if url is None:
                continue
            content = extract_text(eval_xpath_getindex(result, content_xpath, 0, default=None), allow_none=True)
            if content is None:
                logger.debug('ingoring item from the result_xpath list: missing content of title "%s"', title)
                continue

            logger.debug('add link to results: %s', title)

            results.append({
                'url': url,
                'title': title,
                'content': content
            })

        except Exception as e:  # pylint: disable=broad-except
            logger.error(e, exc_info=True)
            continue

    # parse suggestion
    for suggestion in eval_xpath_list(dom, suggestion_xpath):
        # append suggestion
        results.append({'suggestion': extract_text(suggestion)})

    for correction in eval_xpath_list(dom, spelling_suggestion_xpath):
        results.append({'correction': extract_text(correction)})

    # return results
    return results


# get supported languages from their site
def _fetch_supported_languages(resp):
    ret_val = {}
    dom = html.fromstring(resp.text)

    radio_buttons = eval_xpath_list(dom, '//*[@id="langSec"]//input[@name="lr"]')

    for x in radio_buttons:
        name = x.get("data-name")
        code = x.get("value").split('_')[-1]
        ret_val[code] = {"name": name}

    return ret_val