mirror of
https://codeberg.org/arh/how-cloudflare-works
synced 2024-12-11 22:45:15 +01:00
192 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
192 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
# I-Cloudwall enkulu
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
# # Yima ngeFlashlare
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 🖹 | 🖼 |
|
|
| --- | --- |
|
|
| "I-Cloudwall enkulu" yi-Cloudflare Inc., inkampani yase-U.S. Inikezela ngeenkonzo zeCDN (uthungelwano lokuhambisa umxholo), ukunciphisa i-DDoS, ukhuseleko lwe-Intanethi, kunye neenkonzo zokuhanjiswa kwe-DNS (iseva yegama lesizinda). |  |
|
|
| I-Cloudflare yeyona proxy MITM inkulu yehlabathi I-Cloudflare inabanini ngaphezulu kwe-80% yesabelo sentengiso seCDN kunye nenani labasebenzisi befu. Baye bandisa uthungelwano lwabo kumazwe angaphezu kwe-100. I-Cloudflare isebenza kakhulu kwi-web traffic kune-Twitter, Amazon, Apple, Instagram, Bing & Wikipedia zidibeneyo. I-Cloudflare inikezela ngesicwangciso simahla kwaye abantu abaninzi bayayisebenzisa endaweni yokuseta iiseva zabo ngokufanelekileyo. Babeshishina ngasese malunga nokulula. |  |
|
|
| I-Cloudflare ihlala phakathi kwakho kunye ne-webserver yemvelaphi, isebenza njengearhente yokujikeleza komda. Awukwazi ukudibanisa kwindawo oya kuyo oyikhethileyo. Uqhagamshela kwi-Cloudflare kwaye lonke ulwazi lwakho luyenziwa luchazwe kwaye luhanjiswe ngentsizi. |  |
|
|
| Umlawuli we-webserver yemvelaphi wavumela iarhente - iCloudflare - ukuba ithathe isigqibo sokuba ngubani onokuthi afikelele "kwipropathi yewebhu" kunye nokuchaza "indawo ethintelweyo". |  |
|
|
| Jonga umfanekiso ochanekileyo. Uya kucinga ukuba i-Cloudflare block kuphela ngaba bantu babi. Uya kucinga ukuba iCloudflare ihlala ikwi-Intanethi (ungaze uye ezantsi). Uya kucinga ukuba i-bots bots kunye nabakhweli banokwalathisa iwebhusayithi yakho. |  |
|
|
| Nangona kunjalo ayisiyonyani konke konke. I-Cloudflare ivimba abantu abamsulwa ngaphandle kwesizathu. I-Cloudflare inokuhla. I-Cloudflare ibhloka i-bots bots. |  |
|
|
| Njengayo nayiphi na inkonzo yokubamba, iCloudflare ayifezekanga. Uza kubona esi sikrini nokuba iseva yemvelaphi isebenza kakuhle. |  |
|
|
| Ngaba ucinga ukuba iCloudflare ine-100% yexesha elongezelelweyo? Awunalo nofifi lokuba iCloudflare ihla nini. Ukuba iCloudflare ihla umthengi wakho akakwazi ukufikelela kwiwebhusayithi yakho. | ![]]/media/branch/master/image/cloudflareoutage2020.jpg) |
|
|
| Ibizwa njalo xa kubhekiswa kwi-Great Firewall yase-China eyenza umsebenzi ofanayo wokuhlutha abantu abaninzi ukuba babone umxholo wewebhu (okt wonke umntu kwelizwe lase China kunye nabantu bangaphandle) ngelixa kwangaxeshanye abo bangachaphazelekanga bebona iwebhusayithi eyahlukileyo , iwebhu engenamakhwiniba efana nomfanekiso we "tank man" kunye nembali ye "Tiananmen Square". |  |
|
|
| I-Cloudflare inamandla amakhulu. Ngendlela, balawula okubonwa ngumsebenzisi wokugqibela. Uthintelwe ukukhangela iwebhusayithi ngenxa ye-Cloudflare. |  |
|
|
| I-Cloudflare inokusetyenziselwa ukucubungula. |  |
|
|
| Awunako ukujonga iwebhusayithi enamafu xa usebenzisa isiphequluli esincinci i-Cloudflare enokucinga ukuba yi-bot (kuba abantu abaninzi abayisebenzisi). |  |
|
|
| Awunakho ukugqithisa olu hlaselo lwe-browser oluhlaselayo ngaphandle kokuvumela iJavascript. Oku kuyinkcitho imizuzwana emihlanu (okanye engaphezulu) yobomi bakho obuxabisekileyo. |  |
|
|
| I-Cloudflare ikwathintela ngokuzenzekelayo iirobhothi/abakhweli abanjengoGoogle, Yandex, Yacy, kunye nabaxhasi be-API. I-Cloudflare ibeka esweni "uluntu oludlula nje". |  |
|
|
| I-Cloudflare ngokufanayo ithintela abantu abaninzi abanonxibelelwano olubi lwe-Intanethi ukufikelela kwiiwebhusayithi ezingasemva kwayo (umzekelo, banokuba semva kwe-7+ layter ye-NAT okanye babelane nge-IP efanayo, umzekelo kwi-Wifi yoluntu) ngaphandle kokuba bacombulula imifanekiso emininzi yeCAPTCHA. Ngamanye amaxesha, oku kuya kuthatha imizuzu eli-10 ukuya kwengama-30 ukwanelisa uGoogle. |  |
|
|
| Ngonyaka ka-2020 iCloudflare itshintshile kwiRecaptcha kaGoogle iye kwi-hCaptcha njengoko uGoogle anqwenela ukubiza imali ngokusetyenziswa kwayo. I-Cloudflare ikuxelele ukuba bayayikhathalela imfihlo yakho ("iyanceda ukulungisa ingxaki yabucala") kodwa oku bubuxoki. Imalunga nemali. "I-hCaptcha ivumela iiwebhusayithi ukuba zenze imali ekukhonzeni le mfuno ngelixa zivimba i-bots kunye nezinye iindlela zokuphathwa gadalala" <br> Ngokombono womsebenzisi, oku akutshintshi kakhulu. Uyanyanzelwa ukuba usisombulule. |  |
|
|
| Uninzi lwabantu kunye nesoftware ivaliwe yi-Cloudflare yonke imihla. |  |
|
|
| I-Cloudflare icaphukisa abantu abaninzi kwihlabathi liphela. Jonga uluhlu kwaye ucinge ukuba ukwamkela i-Cloudflare kwindawo yakho kulungile kumava omsebenzisi. |  |
|
|
| Yintoni injongo ye-intanethi ukuba awukwazi ukwenza le nto uyifunayo? Uninzi lwabantu abatyelela iwebhusayithi yakho baya kujonga amanye amaphepha ukuba abanakukwazi ukulayisha iphepha lewebhu. Usenokungavimbi iindwendwe, kodwa isikhuseli-mlilo esisebenza njenge-Cloudflare singqongqo ngokwaneleyo ukubhloka abantu abaninzi. | ![] [/media/branch/master/image/omsappl.jpg) |
|
|
| Akukho ndlela yokusombulula i-captcha ngaphandle kokuvumela iJavascript kunye neeKuki. I-Cloudflare bayayisebenzisa ukwenza utyikityo lwesiphequluli ukukuchonga. I-Cloudflare idinga ukuba sazi isazisi sakho ukuze uthathe isigqibo sokuba ngaba ungowokuqala na ukukhangela indawo. |  |
|
|
| Abasebenzisi be-Tor kunye nabasebenzisi beVPN balixhoba le-Cloudflare. Zombini izisombululo zisetyenziswa ngabantu abaninzi abangakwaziyo ukufikelela kwi-Intanethi ngenxa yelizwe labo/umgaqo-nkqubo/womgaqo-nkqubo okanye abafuna ukongeza ungqimba ukukhusela ubumfihlo babo. I-Cloudflare ihlasela ngokungenantlonelo abo bantu, ibanyanzela ukuba bacime isisombululo sabo sommeleli. |  |
|
|
| Ukuba awuzami iTor ukuza kuthi ga kulo mzuzu, siyakukhuthaza ukuba ukhuphele isiKhangeli seTor kwaye undwendwele iiwebhusayithi zakho ozithandayo. (ingcebiso: Musa ukungena kwiwebhusayithi yakho yebhanki okanye iphepha lewebhu likarhulumente okanye baya kuyifaka iflegi yeakhawunti yakho. Sebenzisa i-VPN kwezo webhusayithi.) |  |
|
|
| Unokufuna ukuthi "I-Tor ayikho semthethweni! Abasebenzisi be-Tor balwaphulo-mthetho! I-Tor imbi!". Hayi. Unokufunda ngeTor kumabonwakude, esithi iTor ingasetyenziselwa ukukhangela i-darknet kunye nokuthengisa ngemipu, iziyobisi okanye i-chid. Ngelixa ingxelo apha ngasentla iyinyani ukuba kukho iwebhusayithi eninzi yentengiso apho ungathenga izinto ezinjalo, ezo ndawo zivame ukubonakala nakwi-clearnet. |  |
|
|
| I-Tor yaphuhliswa ngumkhosi wase-US, kodwa iTor yangoku iphuhliswa yiprojekthi yeTor. Baninzi abantu kunye nemibutho esebenzisa iTor kubandakanya nabahlobo bakho bangomso. Ke, ukuba usebenzisa iCloudflare kwiwebhusayithi yakho uvimba abantu bokwenyani. Uyakuphulukana nobuhlobo obunokubakho kunye nesivumelwano seshishini. |  |
|
|
| Kwaye inkonzo yabo ye-DNS, 1.1.1.1, ikwacoca nabasebenzisi ukuba bayityelele iwebhusayithi ngokubuyisela idilesi ye-IP engeyo-Cloudflare, i-IP yendawo enje nge "127.0.0.x", okanye ibuyise nje akukho nto. |  <br> |
|
|
| I-Cloudflare DNS ikwaqhawuka isoftware kwi-app ye-smartphone ukuya kumdlalo wekhompyuter ngenxa yempendulo yabo engeyiyo ye-DNS. I-Cloudflare DNS ayinakho ukubuza ezinye iiwebhusayithi zebhanki. | ? |
|
|
| Kwaye apha unokucinga, <br> "Andisebenzisi i-Tor okanye i-VPN, kutheni kufuneka ndinyamekele?" <br> "Ndiyathemba ukuthengisa kwe-Cloudflare, kutheni kufuneka ndinyamekele" <br> "Indawo yam yewebhu i-https kutheni kufuneka ndiyikhathalele "|  |
|
|
| Ukuba undwendwela iwebhusayithi esebenzisa i-Cloudflare, wabelana ngolwazi lwakho kungekuko kumnini wewebhusayithi kuphela, kodwa nakwi-Cloudflare. Yindlela esebenza ngayo le proxy. |  |
|
|
| Akunakwenzeka ukuba uhlalutye ngaphandle kokubhala i-TLS traffic. | !.
|
|
| I-Cloudflare iyayazi yonke idatha yakho njengegama eligqithisiweyo. |  |
|
|
| I-Cloudbeed inokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha. |  |
|
|
| I-https ye-Cloudflare's ayisokuze iphele-ukuphela. |  |
|
|
| Ngaba uyafuna ngokwenene ukuba wabelane ngedatha yakho nge-Cloudflare, kunye nearhente yeeleta ezintathu? |  |
|
|
| Iprofayile yomsebenzisi kwi-Intanethi yinto "yemveliso" urhulumente kunye neenkampani ezinkulu zezobuchwepheshe afuna ukuzithenga. |  |
|
|
| ISebe lezoKhuseleko lwaseKhaya lase-U.S lathi: <br> "Ngaba unoluvo lokuba ixabiseke kangakanani idatha onayo? Ngaba ikhona indlela onokusithengisa ngayo loo datha?" |  |
|
|
| I-Cloudflare ikwabonelela ngenkonzo yasimahla ye-VPN ebizwa ngokuba yi "Cloudflare Warp". Ukuba uyayisebenzisa, zonke ii-smartphone zakho (okanye ikhompyuter yakho) ziqhagamshelwe kwiiseva ze-Cloudflare. I-Cloudflare iyakwazi ukuba yeyiphi iwebhusayithi oyifundileyo, uluvo luni na oluthumele, ngubani othethe naye, njl. Ngokuzithandela unika lonke ulwazi lwakho kwi-Cloudflare. Ukuba ucinga "Ngaba uyaqhula? I-Cloudflare ikhuselekile." emva koko kufuneka ufunde ukuba isebenza njani i-VPN |  |
|
|
| I-Cloudflare ithe inkonzo yabo ye-VPN yenza i-intanethi yakho ikhawuleze. Kodwa i-VPN yenza uqhagamshelo lwakho lwe-Intanethi kancinci kancinci kunxibelelwano lwakho olukhoyo. |  |
|
|
| Unokuba sele uyazi malunga ne-PRISM yokukhwaza. Kuyinyani ukuba i-AT & T ivumela i-NSA ukuba ikope yonke idatha ye-Intanethi ukuze ihlolwe. |  |
|
|
| Masithi usebenza kwi-NSA, kwaye ufuna yonke iprofayili yabasebenzi be-intanethi. Uyazi uninzi lwabo luthembele ngokungagungqi kwi-Cloudflare kwaye ulusebenzisa - isango elinye elibekwe kwindawo eyodwa - ukubanga unxibelelwano lweseva yabo (SSH/RDP), iwebhusayithi yobuqu, iwebhusayithi yokuxoxa, iwebhusayithi yeforam, iwebhusayithi ye-inshurensi, iwebhusayithi yokukhangela, ilungu elifihlakeleyo Iwebhusayithi-enye, iwebhusayithi yefandesi, ivenkile, ividiyo yevidiyo, iwebhusayithi yeNSFW, kunye newebhusayithi engekho mthethweni Uyazi ukuba basebenzisa inkonzo ye-DNS ye-Cloudflare ("1.1.1.1") kunye nenkonzo yeVPN ("iCloudflare Warp") ye "Khuselekile! Kamsinya! amava e-intanethi. Ukuzidibanisa nedilesi ye-IP yomsebenzisi, i-browserprint zeminwe, iicookies kunye ne-RAY-ID ziya kuba luncedo ekwakheni iprofayile ye-intanethi. |  |
|
|
| Ufuna idatha yabo. Uza kwenza ntoni? |  |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### I-Cloudflare yityhefu yobusi.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# # # Isosi simahla somntu wonke. _Iintambo_ezintambo ziqhotyoshelwe.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Ungasebenzisi i-Cloudflare.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Yabela i-intanethi.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Nceda uqhubeke kwiphepha elilandelayo: "[I-Cloudflare Ethics](xh.ethics.md)"
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
Iidilesi <
|
|
<summary> _ndicofe_
|
|
|
|
# # Idatha kunye noLwazi oluthe kratya
|
|
</summary>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Olu lugcino luluhlu lwewebhusayithi ezingasemva "_The Cloudwall_" enkulu, ethintela abasebenzisi beTor kunye nezinye iiCDN.
|
|
|
|
|
|
** Idatha **
|
|
* [I-Cloudflare Inc.](../cloudflare_inc/)
|
|
* [Abasebenzisi be-Cloudflare](../cloudflare_users/)
|
|
* [I-Cloudflare Domain](i-Cloudflare_users/imimandla/)
|
|
* [Abasebenzisi be-CDN abanga-Cloudflare](hayi_cloudflare/)
|
|
* [Abasebenzisi baka-Anti-Tor](../anti-tor_users/)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**Iinkcukacha ezithe xaxe**
|
|
* [Ikhathalogu yentsomi](../myth_catalog.md)
|
|
* [I-Cloudwall enkulu](inqaku.txt) ngu [Mnu. UJeff Cliff](https://shitposter.club/users/jeffcliff)
|
|
* Khuphela njenge: PDF [apha](../pdf/2019-The_Great_Cloudwall.pdf), ePUB [apha](../pdf/2019-Jeff_Cliff_The_Great_Cloudwall.epub)
|
|
* I-eBook yasekuqaleni (i-ePUB) icinywe yi-BookRix GmbH ngenxa yokophula umthetho wezinto ze-CC0
|
|
* [I-icon yePadlock ibonisa uxhulumaniso olukhuselekileyo lwe-SSL esekwe w MITM-ed](https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=831835) nguAngenziwa
|
|
* [Vimba i-Cloudflare Global eSebenzayo yeHlabathi](https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/tiketi/24351) yi-nym-zone
|
|
* Itikiti lonakaliswa kaninzi.
|
|
* Icinywe [yiPro Pro](https://lists.torproject.org/pipermail/anti-censorship-team/2020-May/000098.html). Jonga [itikiti 34175](https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/tiketi/34175).
|
|
* Okokugqibela [itikiti lokulondolozwa kwekhompyutha 24351](https://web.archive.org/web/20200301013104/https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/ticket/24351)
|
|
* [Ingxaki nge-Cloudflare](https://github.com/privacytoolsIO/privacytools.io/issues/374#issuecomment-460077544) yi libBletchley
|
|
* Babekade besebenzisa iCloudflare ngaphambili. Yongeze i-CF-tor kodwa [wayishenxisa](https://github.com/privacytools/privacytools.io/pull/1804).
|
|
* [I-Cloudflare Bukela](http://www.crimeflare.org:82/)
|
|
* [Ukugxekwa kunye neempikiswano](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloudflare#Criticism_and_contitionses) yiWikipedia
|
|
* [Olunye usuku olubalulekileyo kumlo wokulawula, ukubeka phakathi kunye nokuhlola i-intanethi.](https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/comments/b8dptl/another_landmark_day_in_the_war_to_control/) nguTheGoldenGoose8888
|
|
* [Ukungancedi ukuxhomekeka kwinkonzo enye kuphela](https://twitter.com/w3Nicolas/status/1134529316904153089) ([YENZA CF](https://www.digwebinterface.com/?hostnames=ns1.digitalowandle.com % 0D% 0Ans2.digitalo Ocean.com% 0D% 0Ans3.digitalother.com% 0D% 0Awww.digitalother.com kunye nohlobo = A & ns = solver & useresolver = 8.8.4.4 kunye nameservers =))
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</details>
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
Iidilesi <
|
|
<summary> _ndicofe_
|
|
|
|
## Ungenzani?
|
|
</summary>
|
|
|
|
* [Funda uluhlu lwethu lwamanyathelo acetyisiweyo kwaye wabelane nabahlobo bakho](../what-to-do.md)
|
|
|
|
* [Funda ilizwi lomnye umsebenzisi kwaye ubhale iingcinga zakho](BANTU.md)
|
|
|
|
* Khangela into kwi [Ansero](https://ansero.wodferndripvpe6ib4uz4rtngrnzichnirgn7t5x64gxcyroopbhsuqd.onion/) ([clearnet](https://ansero.eu.org/) okanye [Ulwaphulo-mthetho] # #] odferndripvpe6ib4uz4rtngrnzichnirgn7t5x64gxcyroopbhsuqd.onion/) ([clearnet](https://crimeflare.eu.org/)).
|
|
|
|
* [Hlaziya uluhlu lwedome: Imiyalelo yoluhlu](../instructions.md).
|
|
|
|
* [Yongeza i-Cloudflare okanye isiganeko esinxulumene neprojekthi kwimbali](../HISTORY.md).
|
|
|
|
* Zama ubhale [Isixhobo/Iskripthi] esitsha (isixhobo/).
|
|
|
|
* Nazi ezinye ze [PDF/ePUB](../pdf/) zokufunda.
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
### Malunga neeakhawunti ezingezizo
|
|
|
|
Ulwaphulo-mthetho luyazi malunga nobukho beeakhawunti ezingezizo ezithi zichaphazele iindlela zethu ezisemthethweni, nokuba ngaba yi-Twitter, i-Facebook, iPatreon, i-OpenCollective, iilali njl.
|
|
** Asikaze sibuze i-imeyile yakho.
|
|
Soze sibuze igama lakho.
|
|
Soze sibuze isazisi sakho.
|
|
Soze sibuze indawo yakho.
|
|
Soze sibuze umnikelo wakho.
|
|
Soze sibuze uhlaziyo lwakho.
|
|
Asikhe sikucele ukuba ulandele kwimidiya yoluntu.
|
|
Soze sibuze kwimidiya yakho yezentlalo. **
|
|
|
|
# UNGAYIKHUMBULE INDLELA YOKUFUNDA.
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
![] [
|
|
![] [
|
|
![] [
|
|
![] [
|
|
|
|
</details>
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
![] [
|
|
|
|
![] [
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
![] [ |