[feature] Inherit resource limits from cgroups (#1336)

When GTS is running in a container runtime which has configured CPU or
memory limits or under an init system that uses cgroups to impose CPU
and memory limits the values the Go runtime sees for GOMAXPROCS and
GOMEMLIMIT are still based on the host resources, not the cgroup.

At least for the throttling middlewares which use GOMAXPROCS to
configure their queue size, this can result in GTS running with values
too big compared to the resources that will actuall be available to it.

This introduces 2 dependencies which can pick up resource contraints
from the current cgroup and tune the Go runtime accordingly. This should
result in the different queues being appropriately sized and in general
more predictable performance. These dependencies are a no-op on
non-Linux systems or if running in a cgroup that doesn't set a limit on
CPU or memory.

The automatic tuning of GOMEMLIMIT can be disabled by either explicitly
setting GOMEMLIMIT yourself or by setting AUTOMEMLIMIT=off. The
automatic tuning of GOMAXPROCS can similarly be counteracted by setting
GOMAXPROCS yourself.

vendor/github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Binaries for programs and plugins
+*.exe
+*.exe~
+*.dll
+*.so
+*.dylib
+
+# Test binary, built with `go test -c`
+*.test
+
+# Output of the go coverage tool, specifically when used with LiteIDE
+*.out
+
+# Dependency directories (remove the comment below to include it)
+# vendor/

vendor/github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2022 Geon Kim
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

vendor/github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit/README.md

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+# automemlimit
+
+[![Go Reference](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit.svg)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit)
+[![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit)
+[![Test](https://github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit/actions/workflows/test.yml/badge.svg?branch=main)](https://github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit/actions/workflows/test.yml)
+
+Automatically set `GOMEMLIMIT` to match Linux [cgroups(7)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/cgroups.7.html) memory limit.
+
+See more details about `GOMEMLIMIT` [here](https://tip.golang.org/doc/gc-guide#Memory_limit).
+
+## Installation
+
+```shell
+go get github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit@latest
+```
+
+## Usage
+
+```go
+package main
+
+// By default, it sets `GOMEMLIMIT` to 90% of cgroup's memory limit.
+// You can find more details of its behavior from the doc comment of memlimit.SetGoMemLimitWithEnv.
+import _ "github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit"
+```
+
+or
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import "github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit/memlimit"
+
+func init() {
+	memlimit.SetGoMemLimitWithEnv()
+	memlimit.SetGoMemLimit(0.9)
+	memlimit.SetGoMemLimitWithProvider(memlimit.Limit(1024*1024), 0.9)
+	memlimit.SetGoMemLimitWithProvider(memlimit.FromCgroup, 0.9)
+	memlimit.SetGoMemLimitWithProvider(memlimit.FromCgroupV1, 0.9)
+	memlimit.SetGoMemLimitWithProvider(memlimit.FromCgroupV2, 0.9)
+}
+```

vendor/github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit/automemlimit.go

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+package automemlimit
+
+import (
+	"github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit/memlimit"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	memlimit.SetGoMemLimitWithEnv()
+}

vendor/github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit/memlimit/cgroups.go

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+//go:build linux
+// +build linux
+
+package memlimit
+
+import (
+	"github.com/containerd/cgroups"
+	v2 "github.com/containerd/cgroups/v2"
+)
+
+const (
+	cgroupMountPoint = "/sys/fs/cgroup"
+)
+
+// FromCgroup returns the memory limit based on the cgroups version on this system.
+func FromCgroup() (uint64, error) {
+	switch cgroups.Mode() {
+	case cgroups.Legacy:
+		return FromCgroupV1()
+	case cgroups.Hybrid, cgroups.Unified:
+		return FromCgroupV2()
+	}
+	return 0, ErrNoCgroup
+}
+
+// FromCgroupV1 returns the memory limit from the cgroup v1.
+func FromCgroupV1() (uint64, error) {
+	cg, err := cgroups.Load(cgroups.SingleSubsystem(cgroups.V1, cgroups.Memory), cgroups.RootPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	metrics, err := cg.Stat(cgroups.IgnoreNotExist)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	} else if metrics.Memory == nil {
+		return 0, ErrNoLimit
+	}
+
+	return metrics.Memory.HierarchicalMemoryLimit, nil
+}
+
+// FromCgroupV2 returns the memory limit from the cgroup v2.
+func FromCgroupV2() (uint64, error) {
+	path, err := v2.NestedGroupPath("")
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	m, err := v2.LoadManager(cgroupMountPoint, path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	stats, err := m.Stat()
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	} else if stats.Memory == nil {
+		return 0, ErrNoLimit
+	}
+
+	return stats.Memory.UsageLimit, nil
+}

vendor/github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit/memlimit/cgroups_unsupported.go

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+//go:build !linux
+// +build !linux
+
+package memlimit
+
+func FromCgroup() (uint64, error) {
+	return 0, ErrCgroupsNotSupported
+}
+
+func FromCgroupV1() (uint64, error) {
+	return 0, ErrCgroupsNotSupported
+}
+
+func FromCgroupV2() (uint64, error) {
+	return 0, ErrCgroupsNotSupported
+}

vendor/github.com/KimMachineGun/automemlimit/memlimit/memlimit.go

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+package memlimit
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"math"
+	"os"
+	"runtime/debug"
+	"strconv"
+)
+
+const (
+	envGOMEMLIMIT         = "GOMEMLIMIT"
+	envAUTOMEMLIMIT       = "AUTOMEMLIMIT"
+	envAUTOMEMLIMIT_DEBUG = "AUTOMEMLIMIT_DEBUG"
+
+	defaultAUTOMEMLIMIT = 0.9
+)
+
+var (
+	// ErrNoLimit is returned when the memory limit is not set.
+	ErrNoLimit = errors.New("memory is not limited")
+	// ErrNoCgroup is returned when the process is not in cgroup.
+	ErrNoCgroup = errors.New("process is not in cgroup")
+	// ErrCgroupsNotSupported is returned when the system does not support cgroups.
+	ErrCgroupsNotSupported = errors.New("cgroups is not supported on this system")
+
+	logger = log.New(io.Discard, "", log.LstdFlags)
+)
+
+// SetGoMemLimitWithEnv sets GOMEMLIMIT with the value from the environment variable.
+// You can configure how much memory of the cgroup's memory limit to set as GOMEMLIMIT
+// through AUTOMEMLIMIT in the half-open range (0.0,1.0].
+//
+// If AUTOMEMLIMIT is not set, it defaults to 0.9. (10% is the headroom for memory sources the Go runtime is unaware of.)
+// If GOMEMLIMIT is already set or AUTOMEMLIMIT=off, this function does nothing.
+func SetGoMemLimitWithEnv() {
+	if os.Getenv(envAUTOMEMLIMIT_DEBUG) == "true" {
+		logger = log.Default()
+	}
+
+	if val, ok := os.LookupEnv(envGOMEMLIMIT); ok {
+		logger.Printf("GOMEMLIMIT is set already, skipping: %s\n", val)
+		return
+	}
+
+	ratio := defaultAUTOMEMLIMIT
+	if val, ok := os.LookupEnv(envAUTOMEMLIMIT); ok {
+		if val == "off" {
+			logger.Printf("AUTOMEMLIMIT is set to off, skipping\n")
+			return
+		}
+		_ratio, err := strconv.ParseFloat(val, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.Printf("cannot parse AUTOMEMLIMIT: %s\n", val)
+			return
+		}
+		ratio = _ratio
+	}
+	if ratio <= 0 || ratio > 1 {
+		logger.Printf("invalid AUTOMEMLIMIT: %f\n", ratio)
+		return
+	}
+
+	limit, err := SetGoMemLimit(ratio)
+	if err != nil {
+		logger.Printf("failed to set GOMEMLIMIT: %v\n", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	logger.Printf("GOMEMLIMIT=%d\n", limit)
+}
+
+// SetGoMemLimit sets GOMEMLIMIT with the value from the cgroup's memory limit and given ratio.
+func SetGoMemLimit(ratio float64) (int64, error) {
+	return SetGoMemLimitWithProvider(FromCgroup, ratio)
+}
+
+// Provider is a function that returns the memory limit.
+type Provider func() (uint64, error)
+
+// SetGoMemLimitWithProvider sets GOMEMLIMIT with the value from the given provider and ratio.
+func SetGoMemLimitWithProvider(provider Provider, ratio float64) (int64, error) {
+	limit, err := provider()
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	goMemLimit := cappedFloat2Int(float64(limit) * ratio)
+	debug.SetMemoryLimit(goMemLimit)
+	return goMemLimit, nil
+}
+
+func cappedFloat2Int(f float64) int64 {
+	if f > math.MaxInt64 {
+		return math.MaxInt64
+	}
+	return int64(f)
+}
+// Limit is a helper Provider function that returns the given limit.
+func Limit(limit uint64) func() (uint64, error) {
+	return func() (uint64, error) {
+		return limit, nil
+	}
+}