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b/asset/minidebian/debian8.png differ diff --git a/asset/minidebian/debian9.png b/asset/minidebian/debian9.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..349fb7d Binary files /dev/null and b/asset/minidebian/debian9.png differ diff --git a/debian_minimal.md b/debian_minimal.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7155820 --- /dev/null +++ b/debian_minimal.md @@ -0,0 +1,209 @@ +# Debian minimale + +La iso può essere scaricata da qui: [https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/images-including-firmware/current/amd64/iso-cd/](https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/images-including-firmware/current/amd64/iso-cd/) + +Oppure esiste anche la mini.iso, dal peso di circa 50 MB: [https://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/bullseye/main/installer-amd64/current/images/netboot/](https://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/bullseye/main/installer-amd64/current/images/netboot/) + +Selezionare `Advance options ...` + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian1.png) + +quindi `Expert install` + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian2.png) + +Impostare la lingua desiderata. Qui sarà scelta la lingua *italiana*. Lo stesso vale per il layout della tastiera. + +Il punto successivo, *Access software for a blind person using a braille display* può essere eluso + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian3.png) + +Rilevare e montare i supporti di installazione + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian4.png) + +Caricare i seguenti moduli aggiuntivi, che tuttavia, come specificato nella descrizione, non sono necessari + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian5.png) + +Configurare la rete automaticamente, tramite il DHCP + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian6.png) + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian7.png) + +Stabilire il nome dell'host + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian8.png) + +Abilitare le `shadow password` + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian9.png) + +Non permettere l'accesso a root + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian10.png) + +Stabilire il nome dell'utente e assegnarli una password + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian11.png) + +### Partizionamento manuale + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian12.png) + +Selezionare il disco corretto + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian13.png) + +Creare una nuova tabella delle partizioni di tipo `GPT` + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian14.png) + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian15.png) + +Selezionare nuovamente il disco e creare la partizione `/boot/efi` + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian16.png) + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian17.png) + +100 MB sono sufficienti + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian18.png) + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian19.png) + +Completare il partizionamento. Importante che sia avviabile + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian20.png) + +Procedere allo stesso modo per la partizione `/boot`, sempre di 100 MB. Usare come file-system `ext2` + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian21.png) + +Quindi creare la partizione di root `/`. Volendo è possibile creare una partizione `/home` separata. + +Come file-system va benissimo sia `ext4` che `btrfs` + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian22.png) + +#### Cifrare la partizione root + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian23.png) + +Selezionare la partizione `/` + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian24.png) + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian25.png) + +Dopo aver completato la cifratura, selezionare il volume e assegnargli il punto di mount corretto e pure il tipo di file-system + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian26.png) + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian27.png) + +Saltare la creazione della partizione di swap + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian28.png) + +Proseguire con l'installazione del sistema di base + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian29.png) + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian30.png) + +Per evitare problemi di compatibilità, installare tutti di driver disponibili + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian31.png) + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian32.png) + +### Configurare il gestore pachetti + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian33.png) + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian34.png) + +Utilizzare il *software non libero* a scelta, in base anche al proprio hardware + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian35.png) + +Abilitare anche i software *backported* + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian36.png) + +Installare automaticamente gli aggiornamenti di sicurezza + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian37.png) + +Per un installazione minimale, selezionare solo `Utilità di sistema standard`. Il DE verrà installato successivamente + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian38.png) + +### Installazione di GRUB + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian39.png) + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian40.png) + +Terminare quindi l'installazione + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian41.png) + +#### Configurazioni di GRUB + +Dopo aver avviato il pc, modificare il file `/etc/default/grub` in questo modo: + +```bash + +# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update +# /boot/grub/grub.cfg. +# For full documentation of the options in this file, see: +# info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration' + +GRUB_DEFAULT=0 +GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden +GRUB_TIMEOUT=0 +GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` +GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" +``` + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian42.png) + +Dare quindi il comando `sudo update-grub` e riavviare la macchina. + +In questo caso GRUB non verrà mostrato all'avvio e ci si troverà davanti immediatamente la schermata per de-crittografare la partizione `/` + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian43.png) + +Questa la situazione finale dei dischi + +![debian](./asset/minidebian/debian44.png) + +### Debian Testing + +Per Debian testing, modificare il file `/etc/apt/sources.list` nel seguente modo: + +```bash +# Debian testing +deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ testing main contrib non-free non-free-firmware +deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ testing main contrib non-free non-free-firmware + +# Aggiornamenti di sicurezza +deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security testing-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware +deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security testing-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware + +# Gli aggiornamenti raccomandati per testing (testing-updates) sono disabilitati +``` + +## Collegamenti + +- [https://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2020/06/hide-grub-boot-menu-ubuntu-20-04-lts/](https://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2020/06/hide-grub-boot-menu-ubuntu-20-04-lts/) +- [https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/577379/how-can-i-install-debian-with-full-disk-encryption-and-a-custom-sized-swapfile](https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/577379/how-can-i-install-debian-with-full-disk-encryption-and-a-custom-sized-swapfile) +- [https://it.linux-console.net/?p=2525](https://it.linux-console.net/?p=2525) +- [https://debian-handbook.info/browse/it-IT/stable/sect.installation-steps.html](https://debian-handbook.info/browse/it-IT/stable/sect.installation-steps.html) +- [https://www.blakehartshorn.com/installing-debian-on-existing-encrypted-lvm/](https://www.blakehartshorn.com/installing-debian-on-existing-encrypted-lvm/) +- [https://www.paritybit.ca/blog/debian-with-btrfs](https://www.paritybit.ca/blog/debian-with-btrfs) +- [https://guide.debianizzati.org/index.php/Installare_Debian:_configurazione_LVM](https://guide.debianizzati.org/index.php/Installare_Debian:_configurazione_LVM)