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266 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
266 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
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# gofeed
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[](https://travis-ci.org/mmcdole/gofeed) [](https://coveralls.io/github/mmcdole/gofeed?branch=master) [](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/mmcdole/gofeed) [](http://godoc.org/github.com/mmcdole/gofeed) [](http://doge.mit-license.org)
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The `gofeed` library is a robust feed parser that supports parsing both [RSS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSS) and [Atom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_(standard)) feeds. The library provides a universal `gofeed.Parser` that will parse and convert all feed types into a hybrid `gofeed.Feed` model. You also have the option of utilizing the feed specific `atom.Parser` or `rss.Parser` parsers which generate `atom.Feed` and `rss.Feed` respectively.
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## Table of Contents
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- [Features](#features)
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- [Overview](#overview)
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- [Basic Usage](#basic-usage)
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- [Advanced Usage](#advanced-usage)
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- [Extensions](#extensions)
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- [Invalid Feeds](#invalid-feeds)
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- [Default Mappings](#default-mappings)
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- [Dependencies](#dependencies)
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- [License](#license)
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- [Credits](#credits)
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## Features
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#### Supported feed types:
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* RSS 0.90
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* Netscape RSS 0.91
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* Userland RSS 0.91
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* RSS 0.92
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* RSS 0.93
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* RSS 0.94
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* RSS 1.0
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* RSS 2.0
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* Atom 0.3
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* Atom 1.0
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#### Extension Support
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The `gofeed` library provides support for parsing several popular predefined extensions into ready-made structs, including [Dublin Core](http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/) and [Apple’s iTunes](https://help.apple.com/itc/podcasts_connect/#/itcb54353390).
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It parses all other feed extensions in a generic way (see the [Extensions](#extensions) section for more details).
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#### Invalid Feeds
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A best-effort attempt is made at parsing broken and invalid XML feeds. Currently, `gofeed` can succesfully parse feeds with the following issues:
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- Unescaped/Naked Markup in feed elements
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- Undeclared namespace prefixes
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- Missing closing tags on certain elements
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- Illegal tags within feed elements without namespace prefixes
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- Missing "required" elements as specified by the respective feed specs.
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- Incorrect date formats
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## Overview
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The `gofeed` library is comprised of a universal feed parser and several feed specific parsers. Which one you choose depends entirely on your usecase. If you will be handling both rss and atom feeds then it makes sense to use the `gofeed.Parser`. If you know ahead of time that you will only be parsing one feed type then it would make sense to use `rss.Parser` or `atom.Parser`.
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#### Universal Feed Parser
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The universal `gofeed.Parser` works in 3 stages: detection, parsing and translation. It first detects the feed type that it is currently parsing. Then it uses a feed specific parser to parse the feed into its true representation which will be either a `rss.Feed` or `atom.Feed`. These models cover every field possible for their respective feed types. Finally, they are *translated* into a `gofeed.Feed` model that is a hybrid of both feed types. Performing the universal feed parsing in these 3 stages allows for more flexibility and keeps the code base more maintainable by separating RSS and Atom parsing into seperate packages.
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The translation step is done by anything which adheres to the `gofeed.Translator` interface. The `DefaultRSSTranslator` and `DefaultAtomTranslator` are used behind the scenes when you use the `gofeed.Parser` with its default settings. You can see how they translate fields from ```atom.Feed``` or ```rss.Feed``` to the universal ```gofeed.Feed``` struct in the [Default Mappings](#default-mappings) section. However, should you disagree with the way certain fields are translated you can easily supply your own `gofeed.Translator` and override this behavior. See the [Advanced Usage](#advanced-usage) section for an example how to do this.
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#### Feed Specific Parsers
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The `gofeed` library provides two feed specific parsers: `atom.Parser` and `rss.Parser`. If the hybrid `gofeed.Feed` model that the universal `gofeed.Parser` produces does not contain a field from the `atom.Feed` or `rss.Feed` model that you require, it might be beneficial to use the feed specific parsers. When using the `atom.Parser` or `rss.Parser` directly, you can access all of fields found in the `atom.Feed` and `rss.Feed` models. It is also marginally faster because you are able to skip the translation step.
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## Basic Usage
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#### Universal Feed Parser
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The most common usage scenario will be to use ```gofeed.Parser``` to parse an arbitrary RSS or Atom feed into the hybrid ```gofeed.Feed``` model. This hybrid model allows you to treat RSS and Atom feeds the same.
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##### Parse a feed from an URL:
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```go
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fp := gofeed.NewParser()
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feed, _ := fp.ParseURL("http://feeds.twit.tv/twit.xml")
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fmt.Println(feed.Title)
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```
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##### Parse a feed from a string:
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```go
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feedData := `<rss version="2.0">
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<channel>
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<title>Sample Feed</title>
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</channel>
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</rss>`
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fp := gofeed.NewParser()
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feed, _ := fp.ParseString(feedData)
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fmt.Println(feed.Title)
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```
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##### Parse a feed from an io.Reader:
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```go
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file, _ := os.Open("/path/to/a/file.xml")
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defer file.Close()
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fp := gofeed.NewParser()
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feed, _ := fp.Parse(file)
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fmt.Println(feed.Title)
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```
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##### Parse a feed from an URL with a 60s timeout:
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```go
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ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 60*time.Second)
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defer cancel()
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fp := gofeed.NewParser()
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feed, _ := fp.ParseURLWithContext("http://feeds.twit.tv/twit.xml", ctx)
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fmt.Println(feed.Title)
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```
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#### Feed Specific Parsers
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You can easily use the `rss.Parser` and `atom.Parser` directly if you have a usage scenario that requires it:
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##### Parse a RSS feed into a `rss.Feed`
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```go
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feedData := `<rss version="2.0">
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<channel>
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<webMaster>example@site.com (Example Name)</webMaster>
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</channel>
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</rss>`
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fp := rss.Parser{}
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rssFeed, _ := fp.Parse(strings.NewReader(feedData))
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fmt.Println(rssFeed.WebMaster)
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```
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##### Parse an Atom feed into a `atom.Feed`
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```go
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feedData := `<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
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<subtitle>Example Atom</subtitle>
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</feed>`
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fp := atom.Parser{}
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atomFeed, _ := fp.Parse(strings.NewReader(feedData))
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fmt.Println(atomFeed.Subtitle)
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```
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## Advanced Usage
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##### Parse a feed while using a custom translator
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The mappings and precedence order that are outlined in the [Default Mappings](#default-mappings) section are provided by the following two structs: `DefaultRSSTranslator` and `DefaultAtomTranslator`. If you have fields that you think should have a different precedence, or if you want to make a translator that is aware of an unsupported extension you can do this by specifying your own RSS or Atom translator when using the `gofeed.Parser`.
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Here is a simple example of creating a custom `Translator` that makes the `/rss/channel/itunes:author` field have a higher precedence than the `/rss/channel/managingEditor` field in RSS feeds. We will wrap the existing `DefaultRSSTranslator` since we only want to change the behavior for a single field.
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First we must define a custom translator:
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```go
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import (
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"fmt"
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"github.com/mmcdole/gofeed"
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"github.com/mmcdole/gofeed/rss"
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)
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type MyCustomTranslator struct {
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defaultTranslator *gofeed.DefaultRSSTranslator
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}
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func NewMyCustomTranslator() *MyCustomTranslator {
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t := &MyCustomTranslator{}
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// We create a DefaultRSSTranslator internally so we can wrap its Translate
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// call since we only want to modify the precedence for a single field.
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t.defaultTranslator = &gofeed.DefaultRSSTranslator{}
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return t
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}
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func (ct* MyCustomTranslator) Translate(feed interface{}) (*gofeed.Feed, error) {
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rss, found := feed.(*rss.Feed)
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if !found {
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return nil, fmt.Errorf("Feed did not match expected type of *rss.Feed")
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}
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f, err := ct.defaultTranslator.Translate(rss)
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if err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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if rss.ITunesExt != nil && rss.ITunesExt.Author != "" {
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f.Author = rss.ITunesExt.Author
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} else {
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f.Author = rss.ManagingEditor
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}
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return f
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}
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```
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Next you must configure your `gofeed.Parser` to utilize the new `gofeed.Translator`:
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```go
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feedData := `<rss version="2.0">
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<channel>
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<managingEditor>Ender Wiggin</managingEditor>
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<itunes:author>Valentine Wiggin</itunes:author>
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</channel>
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</rss>`
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fp := gofeed.NewParser()
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fp.RSSTranslator = NewMyCustomTranslator()
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feed, _ := fp.ParseString(feedData)
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fmt.Println(feed.Author) // Valentine Wiggin
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```
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## Extensions
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Every element which does not belong to the feed's default namespace is considered an extension by `gofeed`. These are parsed and stored in a tree-like structure located at `Feed.Extensions` and `Item.Extensions`. These fields should allow you to access and read any custom extension elements.
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In addition to the generic handling of extensions, `gofeed` also has built in support for parsing certain popular extensions into their own structs for convenience. It currently supports the [Dublin Core](http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/) and [Apple iTunes](https://help.apple.com/itc/podcasts_connect/#/itcb54353390) extensions which you can access at `Feed.ItunesExt`, `feed.DublinCoreExt` and `Item.ITunesExt` and `Item.DublinCoreExt`
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## Default Mappings
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The ```DefaultRSSTranslator``` and the ```DefaultAtomTranslator``` map the following ```rss.Feed``` and ```atom.Feed``` fields to their respective ```gofeed.Feed``` fields. They are listed in order of precedence (highest to lowest):
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`gofeed.Feed` | RSS | Atom
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--- | --- | ---
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Title | /rss/channel/title<br>/rdf:RDF/channel/title<br>/rss/channel/dc:title<br>/rdf:RDF/channel/dc:title | /feed/title
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Description | /rss/channel/description<br>/rdf:RDF/channel/description<br>/rss/channel/itunes:subtitle | /feed/subtitle<br>/feed/tagline
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Link | /rss/channel/link<br>/rdf:RDF/channel/link | /feed/link[@rel=”alternate”]/@href<br>/feed/link[not(@rel)]/@href
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FeedLink | /rss/channel/atom:link[@rel="self"]/@href<br>/rdf:RDF/channel/atom:link[@rel="self"]/@href | /feed/link[@rel="self"]/@href
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Updated | /rss/channel/lastBuildDate<br>/rss/channel/dc:date<br>/rdf:RDF/channel/dc:date | /feed/updated<br>/feed/modified
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Published | /rss/channel/pubDate |
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Author | /rss/channel/managingEditor<br>/rss/channel/webMaster<br>/rss/channel/dc:author<br>/rdf:RDF/channel/dc:author<br>/rss/channel/dc:creator<br>/rdf:RDF/channel/dc:creator<br>/rss/channel/itunes:author | /feed/author
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Language | /rss/channel/language<br>/rss/channel/dc:language<br>/rdf:RDF/channel/dc:language | /feed/@xml:lang
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Image | /rss/channel/image<br>/rdf:RDF/image<br>/rss/channel/itunes:image | /feed/logo
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Copyright | /rss/channel/copyright<br>/rss/channel/dc:rights<br>/rdf:RDF/channel/dc:rights | /feed/rights<br>/feed/copyright
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Generator | /rss/channel/generator | /feed/generator
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Categories | /rss/channel/category<br>/rss/channel/itunes:category<br>/rss/channel/itunes:keywords<br>/rss/channel/dc:subject<br>/rdf:RDF/channel/dc:subject | /feed/category
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`gofeed.Item` | RSS | Atom
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--- | --- | ---
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Title | /rss/channel/item/title<br>/rdf:RDF/item/title<br>/rdf:RDF/item/dc:title<br>/rss/channel/item/dc:title | /feed/entry/title
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Description | /rss/channel/item/description<br>/rdf:RDF/item/description<br>/rss/channel/item/dc:description<br>/rdf:RDF/item/dc:description | /feed/entry/summary
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Content | /rss/channel/item/content:encoded | /feed/entry/content
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Link | /rss/channel/item/link<br>/rdf:RDF/item/link | /feed/entry/link[@rel=”alternate”]/@href<br>/feed/entry/link[not(@rel)]/@href
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Updated | /rss/channel/item/dc:date<br>/rdf:RDF/rdf:item/dc:date | /feed/entry/modified<br>/feed/entry/updated
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Published | /rss/channel/item/pubDate<br>/rss/channel/item/dc:date | /feed/entry/published<br>/feed/entry/issued
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Author | /rss/channel/item/author<br>/rss/channel/item/dc:author<br>/rdf:RDF/item/dc:author<br>/rss/channel/item/dc:creator<br>/rdf:RDF/item/dc:creator<br>/rss/channel/item/itunes:author | /feed/entry/author
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GUID | /rss/channel/item/guid | /feed/entry/id
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Image | /rss/channel/item/itunes:image<br>/rss/channel/item/media:image |
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Categories | /rss/channel/item/category<br>/rss/channel/item/dc:subject<br>/rss/channel/item/itunes:keywords<br>/rdf:RDF/channel/item/dc:subject | /feed/entry/category
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Enclosures | /rss/channel/item/enclosure | /feed/entry/link[@rel=”enclosure”]
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## Dependencies
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* [goxpp](https://github.com/mmcdole/goxpp) - XML Pull Parser
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* [goquery](https://github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery) - Go jQuery-like interface
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* [testify](https://github.com/stretchr/testify) - Unit test enhancements
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## License
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This project is licensed under the [MIT License](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mmcdole/gofeed/master/LICENSE)
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## Credits
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* [cristoper](https://github.com/cristoper) for his work on implementing xml:base relative URI handling.
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* [Mark Pilgrim](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Pilgrim) and [Kurt McKee](http://kurtmckee.org) for their work on the excellent [Universal Feed Parser](https://github.com/kurtmckee/feedparser) Python library. This library was the inspiration for the `gofeed` library.
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* [Dan MacTough](http://blog.mact.me) for his work on [node-feedparser](https://github.com/danmactough/node-feedparser). It provided inspiration for the set of fields that should be covered in the hybrid `gofeed.Feed` model.
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* [Matt Jibson](https://mattjibson.com/) for his date parsing function in the [goread](https://github.com/mjibson/goread) project.
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* [Jim Teeuwen](https://github.com/jteeuwen) for his method of representing arbitrary feed extensions in the [go-pkg-rss](https://github.com/jteeuwen/go-pkg-rss) library.
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