newlib/winsup/doc/gcc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.5//EN"
		"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd">

<sect1 id="gcc"><title>Using GCC with Cygwin</title>

<sect2 id="gcc-cons"><title>Console Mode Applications</title>

<para>Use gcc to compile, just like under UNIX.
Refer to the GCC User's Guide for information on standard usage and
options.  Here's a simple example:</para>

<example id="gcc-hello-world">
<title>Building Hello World with GCC</title>
<screen>
<prompt>bash$</prompt> <userinput>gcc hello.c -o hello.exe</userinput>
<prompt>bash$</prompt> <userinput>hello.exe</userinput>
Hello, World

<prompt>bash$</prompt>
</screen>
</example>

</sect2>

<sect2 id="gcc-gui"><title>GUI Mode Applications</title>

<para>Cygwin allows you to build programs with full access to the
standard Windows 32-bit API, including the GUI functions as defined in
any Microsoft or off-the-shelf publication.  However, the process of
building those applications is slightly different, as you'll be using
the GNU tools instead of the Microsoft tools.</para>

<para>For the most part, your sources won't need to change at all.
However, you should remove all __export attributes from functions
and replace them like this:</para>

<screen>
int foo (int) __attribute__ ((__dllexport__));

int
foo (int i)
</screen>

<para>The Makefile is similar to any other UNIX-like Makefile,
and like any other Cygwin makefile.  The only difference is that you use
<command>gcc -mwindows</command> to link your program into a GUI
application instead of a command-line application.  Here's an example:</para>

<screen>
<![CDATA[
myapp.exe : myapp.o myapp.res
	gcc -mwindows myapp.o myapp.res -o $@

myapp.res : myapp.rc resource.h
	windres $< -O coff -o $@
]]>
</screen>

<para>Note the use of <filename>windres</filename> to compile the
Windows resources into a COFF-format <filename>.res</filename> file.
That will include all the bitmaps, icons, and other resources you
need, into one handy object file.  Normally, if you omitted the "-O
coff" it would create a Windows <filename>.res</filename> format file,
but we can only link COFF objects.  So, we tell
<filename>windres</filename> to produce a COFF object, but for
compatibility with the many examples that assume your linker can
handle Windows resource files directly, we maintain the
<filename>.res</filename> naming convention.  For more information on
<filename>windres</filename>, consult the Binutils manual.  </para>

<para>
The following is a simple GUI-mode "Hello, World!" program to help
get you started:
<screen>
/*-------------------------------------------------*/
/* hellogui.c - gui hello world                    */
/* build: gcc -mwindows hellogui.c -o hellogui.exe */
/*-------------------------------------------------*/
#include &lt;windows.h&gt;

char glpszText[1024];

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, 
		HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
		LPSTR lpCmdLine,
		int nCmdShow)
{
	sprintf(glpszText, 
		"Hello World\nGetCommandLine(): [%s]\n"
		"WinMain lpCmdLine: [%s]\n",
		lpCmdLine, GetCommandLine() );

	WNDCLASSEX wcex; 
 
	wcex.cbSize = sizeof(wcex);
	wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
	wcex.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
	wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
	wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;
	wcex.hInstance = hInstance;
	wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
	wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
	wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
	wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL;
	wcex.lpszClassName = "HELLO";
	wcex.hIconSm = NULL;

	if (!RegisterClassEx(&amp;wcex))
		return FALSE; 

	HWND hWnd;
	hWnd = CreateWindow("HELLO", "Hello", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
		CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

	if (!hWnd)
		return FALSE;

	ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
	UpdateWindow(hWnd);

	MSG msg;
	while (GetMessage(&amp;msg, NULL, 0, 0)) 
	{
		TranslateMessage(&amp;msg);
		DispatchMessage(&amp;msg);
	}

	return msg.wParam;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	PAINTSTRUCT ps;
	HDC hdc;
	
	switch (message) 
	{
		case WM_PAINT:
			hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &amp;ps);
			RECT rt;
			GetClientRect(hWnd, &amp;rt);
			DrawText(hdc, glpszText, strlen(glpszText), &amp;rt, DT_TOP | DT_LEFT);
			EndPaint(hWnd, &amp;ps);
			break;
		case WM_DESTROY:
			PostQuitMessage(0);
			break;
		default:
			return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
	}
	return 0;
}
</screen>
</para>

</sect2>
</sect1>